Lesson One
Face to Face with Hurricane Camille
I. Choose the one which is equal to the word given blow:
1. lash
A. strike violently B. pass by
C. move slowly D. stride
2. pummel
A. push forward B. punish severely
C. hit with repeated blow D. beat heavily
3. gruff
A. serious B. grievous C. rough D. gentle
4. elevate
A. put down B. lift up C. face to D. push down
5. demolish
A. destroy B. reduce C. increase D. beat
6. scud
A. go smoothly B. go straight and fast
C. go up and down D. go violently
7. interior
A. situated inside B. situated outside
C. interrelate D. internecine
8. ferocity
A. capability B. fierceness C. impediment D. ferment
9. shudder
A. shuffle in B. walk out C. curl up D. shake
10. sanctuary
A. a warm place B. shelter
C. a clean place D. a harm place
11. maroon
A. stay brave and along C. stay helpless 12. vantage
A. variable situation C. advantage 13. debris
A small individual parts C well preserved pieces 14. implore
B. leave hopeful
D. leave helpless and alone
B. comfortless position
D. disadvantage
B. completely good places
D. scattered broken pieces
A request earnestly B. inform eagerly
C. ask for leave D. inaugurate
15. skim
A hit violently C. go fast and quietly 16. rampage
A. walk for pleasure C rage 17. festoon
A. celebrate B. fasten 18. extinguish
A. put out B. put up 19. disintegrate
B. move lightly over
D. move gradually away
B. produce branches
D. range
C. scatter D. decorate
C. put on D. put down
A. joint together B. break up into pieces
C. regard as a individual D. look down upon
20. frustrate
A. discourage C. come out fruitfully 21. prop
A. support C. suspend 22. tilt
A. cultivate C. level 23. endure
A. conduct B. bring about good result
D. worry about the result
B. place
D. propose
B. incline
D. disintegrate
B. control
C. bear D. engulf
24. bar
A. music note B. hot rail
C. brick D. block
25. thrust
A. dreadful weapon B. sharp knife
C. pierce wind D. driving force
26. diminish
A. mummify B. reduce
C. micro command D. increase
27. assume
A. assert B. pronounce
C. suppose D. declare
28. perish
A. incarnate B. die
C. increase D. submit
29. lap
A. cover B. destroy
C. beat D. put
30. vanish
A. import B. exist
C. appear D. disappear
VI. Translation:
１、整整一周的大雨造成了该地区河流的外溢，许多房屋被毁，许多农田被淹。
The incessant rain for a whole week caused the rivers in this area to overflow, leaving many houses demolished and many fields inundated /submerged.
２、一阵狂风掀走了整个房顶，在劈头盖脸的雨水中，一家人紧紧地依偎在一起。
A blast of wind lifted the entire roof off the house. The whole family huddled in the slashing rain.
３、地震发生时，他明显地感到房屋的晃动，听到窗户破碎的声响。
When the earthquake was taking place, he obviously felt the shuddering of the houses and heard the shattering of the windows.
４、市政府为将到来的艺术节做了周密的准备工作，一些高大的建筑物上挂起了彩灯和彩旗。
The city government has made methodical preparations for the coming of the art festival. Some high buildings are festooned with colored lights and banners.
５、骚乱之后，街上到处都是被烧毁的小汽车、石块和破瓶子。
After the riot, the streets were strewn with burned cars, stones and broken bottles.
Lesson Three
Pub Talk and the King’s English
I. Choose the one which best explains the word given blow:
1. intricate
A. difficult B. complicated
C. invalid D. simple
2. anecdote
A. short amusing story B. long tedious talk
C. uninteresting writing D. exciting information
3. affirmation
A. negative conversation B. possibility
C. positive statement D. affection
4. churl
A. soldier B. bishop
C. naturalist D. peasant
5. convict
A. criminal B. aggressor C. captain D. captor
6. intercept
A. stop between starting-point and destination
B. arrive at the conclusion
C. write words expressing respect
D. prevent from being seen
7. denial
A. piece of open land B. accepting an invitation
C. refusing a request D. teaching good behaviour
8. delve
A. give oneself up B. clasp carefully
C. search carefully and deeply D. look down upon
9. immune
A. secure B. impure C. odorous D. revival
10. facetious
A. unimportant B. very superficial
C. hideous D. not serious
11. sinister
A. not pretended B. suggesting evil
C. happening in the same time D. giving orders
12. pejorative
A. sharp B. distasteful C. contemptuous D. penetrating
13. ultimatum
A. the general opinion about the character, qualities etc.
B. state of being in demand
C. sth. that provokes or annoys
D. final statement of conditions to be accepted
14. tussle
A. have a hard struggle or fight
B. raise to a higher grade
C. come to a lower level or state
D. make the greatest possible use of
15. scamper
A. move onward smoothly B. drop down directly
C. run quickly and playfully D. walk forward and backward
16. edict
A. order B. article C. painting D. newspaper
17. tart
A. different B. sarcastic C. loaded D. special
18. coin
A. happen B. coincide C. comfort D. invent
19. dominance
A. ruling class B. manageable domain
C. controlling power D. religious establishment
20. salon
A. a regular held fashionable gathering
B. a big luxurious car
C. a grand comfortable hotel
D. a large public drinking place
21. sociable
A. gregarious B. collective
C. common D. ordinary
22. deserve
A. to take away B. to last long
C. to help with D. to be worthy of
23. sparkle
A. strike. B. glitter
C. climb D. flow
24. opportunity
A. an opposing force B. a favourable place
C. a chance for advancement D. a difficult situation
25. indulged
A. gratify B. involve
C. interrupt D. gratitude
26. gossip
A. glory B. rumor
C. private fact D. personal things
27. prose
a. imitation B. copying
C. writing 28. punctuate
A. insert occasionally C. act instantly 29. recess
A. accepted quantity C. secluded place 30. pressing
A. urgent C. refusing D. drawing
B. not to emphasize
D. interrupt periodically
B. the act of receiving
D. secrete news
B. immediate
D. interacting
.
Comment on the rhetorical devices of the following sentences:
1. Otherwise one will bind the conversation, one will not let it flow freely here and there. metaphor
2. Other people may celebrate the lofty conversations in which the great minds are supposed to have indulged in the great salons of 18th Century Paris,... metonymy
3. I have an unending love affair with dictionaries…metaphor
4. .., the King's English slips and slides in conversation.
alliteration/metaphor
5. Is the phrase in Shakespeare? metonymy
6. ... and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. mixed metaphor
7. The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth. extended simile
8. One would not have been engaged by interest in the musketeer who raised the subject, wondering more about her. metonymy
9. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, …… the recesses of their thoughts and feelings. simile/ allustion
10. Who was right, who was wrong, did not matter. The conversation was on wings. metaphor
VII. Translation:
1. 给我1000元钱，我也不愿处于你的地位。
2. 随着T型福特汽车的成功，汽车工业受到了应有的重视。
3. 我们把访问时间缩短了一周。
4. 他把他的成功归功于父母在早年给他的良好教育。
5. 我讨厌人们那种对爵士乐不屑一顾的文人般的势利作风。
6. 我们应该鼓励大学生服务于农业，能源，水利，交通，电力，通讯，教育和国防等重要行业和部门。
7. 国家教育部敦促：政府各部门，研究机构，企业及其他单位尽可能为求职的大学生创造更多的就业机会和更好的工作条件。
8. 祖国统一，台湾和平回归的八点提议体现了邓小平同志“一国两制”的思想。而且提议还体现了中国共产党和中国政府对解决台湾问题，以及实现祖国统一所作的努力。
9. 我国政府在揭露和驳斥台湾当局分裂主义言行的同时继续保持和促进海峡两岸的经济，贸易和文化交流。香港在促进海峡两岸的交流中起了积极作用。
10. 近几年来，粮食丰收及农村经济的全面发展在保证农业产品的充分供给，控制通货膨胀，改善经济条件以及促进国民经济的顺利发展等方面起了重要作用。
Key to Lesson Three
Translation:
1. I wouldn't be in your shoes for a thousand yuan.
2. With the success of the Model T Ford, the automobile industry came into its own.
3. We clipped our visit by a week.
4. He owed his success to the good upbringing his parents had given him.
5. I'm bored with the intellectual snobbery of people who turn up their noses at jazz.
6. We must encourage university students to serve in important sectors and departments: agriculture, energy, water conservancy, transportation, electric power, telecommunication, education and national defence.
7. The MOE urged government departments, institutes, enterprises and other units to try in every possible means to create more job opportunities and better conditions for job-hunting students.
8. The eight propositions on the reunification of China and peaceful return of Taiwan to the motherland embodied Deng Xiaoping's concept of “One country, two systems\" and also embodied the effort made by the Chinese Communist Party and the government in solving the issue of Taiwan for the reunification of the country.
9. Our government will continue to expose and refute the separatist words and actions of Taiwan authorities while actually maintaining and putting forward across straits economic, trade and cultural exchanges. Hong Kong has played a positive role in promoting exchanges between the two sides across the straits.
10. Good grain harvests in recent years, and the all-round development of the rural economy have played a vital role in ensuring adequate supplies of farm products, reining inflation, improving economic conditions, and promoting sound growth of the national economy as a whole.
Lesson Four
Inaugural Address
I. Choose the one which best explains the word given:
1. inaugural
A. holy and sacred place in a church
B. formal speech made by a person on taking office
C. shelter from trouble, danger
D. talk for the purpose of teaching
2. sovereign
A. self-governing B. self-sufficient
C. self-centered D. self-respected
3. subversion
A. rebuilding B. succession
C. destroying D. salvage
4. invective
A. beautiful words B. facial expressions
C. convincing speech D. abusive language
5. invoke
A. call forth B. take down
C. put up D. take the form of
6. prescribe
A. order or direct B. produce
C. protect D. agree
7. tribulation
A. contribution B. delivery
C. distribution D. great difficulty or trouble
8. adversary
A. a person who gives advice B. a friend
C. an enemy D. a listener
9. civility
A. rough manners B. polite behaviour
C. polite citizen D. rude person
10. engulf
A. swallow up B. consider about
C. clean up D. imprint on
11. heed
A. rise on feet B. strike on the head
C. give new life and strength D. pay attention to
12. shield
A. person or thing that protects
B. a court order prohibiting or ordering a given action
C. a person or animal inhabiting a specified place
D. an apparatus used in inhaling medicinal vapors
13. asunder
A. from below
B. apart in direction or position
C. in or to a low place
D. from an upright position
14. belabour
A ask sb. to work hard
B. set upon with too much talk
C. furnish with power
D. force upon others
15. eradicate
A. cut into many small parts
B. go round in circle
C. draw together into a small space
D. put an end to; destroy
16. observe
A. celebrate C. orate almighty
A. intensive C. instructive symbolize
A. make signal C. represent
undoing
B. preserve
D. help
B. all-powerful
D. all-round
B. show pity
D. present
A. showing B. laziness
C. cover
permit
D. destruction
A. fill in B. consent
C. get into D. explain
commit
A. pledge B. omit
D. repeat
C. refrain
host
a few B. multitude
C. house D. exclusion
alliance
A. domination B. transaction
B. disintegration D. association
cast
A. insert B. fall
C. throw prey
A. victim C. address aggression
A. defence C. injury outpace
A. fall behind C. walk outside D. leap
B. require
D. beg
B. invasion.
D. disclosure
B. step out
D. surpass
anew
A. once more B. strange
C. famous D. weary
testimony
A. evidence B. witness
C. liberation D. trial
30. inspection
A. prediction B. warm speech
C. expectation D. examination
IV. Translation:
1. 他们的友谊是在困难时期由于同甘苦共患难而结成的。(forge)
2. 他为发展两国之间的联盟和协作关系作出了巨大的贡献。(alliance)
3. 科学以现象为根据。(rest)
4. 我是因兴趣才集邮的，并不是为了赶时髦或消磨时间。(out of )
5. 他的记忆力随着病情的恶化逐渐减退。(push back)
6. 如果你不改过自新的话，那你总有一天会坐牢的。(end up)
7. 法律规定了开汽车应遵循的规章。(prescribe)
8. 北京已经决定选择高科技部门作为经济发展的新举措，因此，一些如电子，信息，新的建筑材料，微生物工程以及新药工业都将给投资者以优惠。
9. 正如我们大家都知道的那样，在这个复杂多变的世界里对于人民来说，信息需求至关重要。谁拥有准确，可靠，最新的信息来处理日常发生的问题以及人们在业务，社会，家庭中的关键问题，谁就能生存，而且能成功。
10. 今日的电话作为世界上最普遍的传声通讯工具和当年贝尔发明的简陋装置相比
是无与伦比的精致和有效。 今天使用电话的方式是贝尔当年所不可能预见到的。
11. 在过去，例如世界银行等国际发展组织几乎只是支持机动化的工程项目提供资
金，以此作为满足发展中国家运输需要的一种策略。
12. 阅读是一种私人的，而不是集体的活动，作家仅同安心静坐的人在沟通。 讲演
者则是同一群人在讲话，而这群人已经是受到盲从和迷幻剂的影响，他们已在他控制之中，如果他是一个行家，他就可以任意摆布他们。
Key to Lesson Four
Translation:
1. Their friendship was forged by sharing comforts and hardships during the hard times.
2. He made great contribution to the development of alliances and cooperative associations of the two countries.
3. Science rests on phenomena.
4. I collect stamps out of real interest, not just following the fashion or just killing time.
5. His memory was pushed back gradually with the worsening illness / the deterioration of his ill health.
6. If you don't correct your mistakes and turn over a new leaf, you'll end up in prison.
7. The law prescribed the rules by which automobiles may be driven.
8. Beijing has decided to select the high-tech sector as its new growth measure of economic development, so preference will be given to investors in such
industries
as
electronics,
information,
new
building
materials,
micro-biological engineering and new medicines.
9. As we know, in this world of change and complexity, the need for information is of greatest importance. Those people who have accurate, reliable up-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems, the critical problems of their business, social and family life, will survive and succeed.
10. Now the most common means of voice communication in the world, the telephone of today is infinitely more sophisticated and effective than the crude instrument developed by Bell, and it is being used in ways he could not possibly have foreseen.
11. In the past, international development institutions like the world Bank have almost exclusively funded projects supporting motorizations as a strategy to meet transportation needs of the developing nations.
12. Reading is a private, not a collective activity. The writer speaks only to individuals, sitting by themselves in a state of normal sobriety. The orator speaks to masses of individuals have already been affected by blindness and illusion. They are at his mercy (under his control) and, if he knows his business, he can do what he likes with them.
Lesson 5 (test)
I. Words explanation:
1. fallacy
A. religious belief B. false belief C. bankruptcy D. dropping
2. incredulous
A. unbelieving B. increasing C. industrious D. unimproved
3.scalpel
A. a carpet B. a piece of bread
C. a small, light knife D. a rising market
4.perspicacious
A. determinate B. flagitious
C. prestigious D. discerning
5.trauma
A. emotional shock B. mental work
C. the state of not having enough D. a reinforced structure for observers
6.shed
A. take shelter B. prevert from C. lose hair D. keep company with
7.pedantic
A. of a person who likes music
B. of a person who pays attention to unimportant news
C. of a person who stresses on sports
D. of a person who emphasizes trivial points of learning8.desist
A. insist on B. cease C. heckle D. castrate
9.proportions
A. property B. portions C. massages D. dimensions
10.waif
A. homeless child B. wandering musician C. countryman 11.perspiration
D. smuggler
A. convincing B. encouraging C. pledging D. sweating
12. blubber
A. speak quickly B. talk repeatedly C. say with sobs D. say with hiccups
13. modulate
A. make achange in the tone B. cause to do or believe sth
C. make or become soft D. change the place or position
14.infamy
A. being famous for B. being shameful C. being honest D. being refused
15.contrite
A. sad B. honest C. penitent D. overjoyed
16.wax
A. grow bigger or greater
B. become less or smaller C. drop heavily D. cover with thick coating
17.acme
A. large group of plants B. highest point C. sharp crisis D. highest mountain peak
18.veer
A. move forward B. look sideways C. change directions19.exultant
A. triumphant B. foreign C. exhausted D. overflowing
20.unsightly
A. invisible B. ugly C. precipitate D. provisional
21.testy
A. examining B. proving C. impatient D. judging
22.fracture
A. break B. combine C. disagree D. repeat
23.tug
D. pour out
A. pull B. pushC. place D. fix
24.covet
A. surround B. cover C. avoid D. desire
25.grulling
A. complaining B. moaning C. tiring D. unwilling
26.mince
A. decrease B. minimize C. increase D. euphemize
27.clap
A. strike B. walk C. fall down D. climb up
28.wince
A. push forward B. draw back C. incise up D. draw out
29.qualify
A. equal B. propose C. restrict D. count
30.chink
A. a precise piece B. a small piece C. a big valley D. a narrow opening
31.shamble
A. walk in an awkward way
B. tremble terribly C. close in mild way D. shine brightly
32.contrite
A. permitting easily B. seeing clearly C. feeling regret D. looking worried
33.chirp
A. a long loud sound B. a short low-pitched sound C. a low murmuring sound
D. a short,high-pitched sound
34.contradict
A. take out B. be contrary to C. withdraw D. be relevant to
35.immovable
A. permanent B. quick C. immediate D. cold
36.penetrate
A. spread B. pierce C. take part D. formulate
37.specification
A. a blank or empty area B. a detailed, exact statement of particulars
C. a partial excuse D. the evolutionary formation of new biological species
38.scrap
A. special place B. particular area C. small piece D. unseen item
39.tremendous
A. unique B. genuine C. unexpected D. enormous
40.clutch
A. grasp tightly B. hang loosely C. touch softly D. hold lightly
UNIT10
Choose the best words to complete the sentences.
1. revolt
A. rebellion B. amour C. memory D. recollection
2. nostalgic
A. sensational B. romantic C. homesick D fashionable
3. stature
A. status B statue C. stationD. stuff
4. provincial
A. gigantic B. narrow C. novel D. moral
5. mores
A.customs B. drugs C. adventurousnessD. sergeants
6. orgy
A. bombast B. binary C. compatible D. digitized
7. transitory
A. curious B. idealistic C. tremendous D. short-lived
8. contingent
A. corps B. distinction C. notionD. morality
9. obsolescent
A. unabated B. smug C. outmoded D. sodden
10. strife
A. struggle B. patriotismC. recession D. factor
11. obliquely
A. sexually B. reluctantly C. internationally D. indirectly
12. harass
A. plead B. worry C. fanD. flout
13. fad
A. feature B. imitator C. crazeD. pulpit
14. hectic
A. affluent B. acute C. exciting D. naughty
15. intellectual
A. flapper B. sheik C. citizen D. intellect
16. crook
A. cook B. cheat C. cowboy D. writer
17. curb
A. control B. shockC. escape D. drift
B. 18. sterile
C. A. cynical B. B. sensitive C. unproductive D. sophisticated
D. 19. illicit
E. A. legal B. illegalC. resistible D. irresistible
F. 20. aftermath
G. A. search B. investigationC. experimentD. consequence
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