2021届高考英语核心词汇辨析与解析(九)

2021届高考英语核心词汇辨析与解析（九）

1. before /bɪ'fɔː/prep. & conj. 在…以前/前面(反behind, after)；ad. 以前

拓展

before long 不久以后

long before 很久以前

before it is too late 在为时太晚之前，趁还来得及

before sb. could do sth. 某人还没来得及走某事就

It＋be＋（not）时间段＋before 从句

“过（没过）多久才（就）……”

例句

①The guide asked the tourists to get on the bus before they could take some photos.

游客们还没来得及拍照，导游就要求他们上车。

②It will be two hours before I can afford time to pick up my son.

要过两个小时，我才能抽出时间接我儿子。

③It won't be long before we meet again.

过不了多久我们就会再见面的。

辨析

before ad. 以前，可以单独使用，位于句末；也可以放在一段时间以后，表示以过去为起点的一段时间以前，常与过去完成时连用；此外，before还可用作介词、连词: 在…以前。

ago ad. 以前，放在一段时间以后表示以现在为起点的一段时间以前，与一般过去时连用。

串记

I had never entered the basement before. Yesterday, my assistant rushed out of it before it was too late. The fire did some damage to it. Before long, it will be repaired.

我以前从未进过地下室。昨天，我的助手趁还来得及冲了出来。大火对它造成了一些损害。不久，它就会被修好。

2. beg /beg/ vt. 乞讨；恳/乞求

拓展

beg (sb.)for sth. (向某人)乞求某物

beg (sb.) to do sth. 恳求(某人)做某物

I beg your pardon. 请再说一遍。

beggar n. 乞丐

例句

The applicant begged the manager to give his another chance.

申请人恳求经理再给他一次机会。

串记

A beggar begged a beauty for a dollar. But a policeman banned him from begging in the street.

一个乞丐向一位美女乞讨一美元。但是一个警察禁止他在街上乞讨。

3. begin /bɪ'gɪn/ (began，begun) v. 开始(同start, 反end)，着手

拓展

(1)begin doing/to do sth. 开始做某事

begin with 由……开始

begin by(doing) 从(做)……开始，首先做……

begin on(upon)着手于……

to begin with 首先，最初，开始

(2)beginner n. 初学者，创始人

(3)beginning n. 开始，起点

at the beginning of 在…开头

in the beginning 开始时，起初

from beginning to end 从头到尾

例句

At the beginning of junior middle school, I began to admire scientists.

在初中开始的时候，我开始崇拜科学家。

串记

To begin with, a beginner must have a positive attitude before learning. He has to stick to the approach from beginning to end.

首先，初学者在学习前必须有一个积极的态度。他必须从头到尾坚持这个方法。

4. behave /bɪ'heɪv/ v. 守规矩，行为，表现

拓展

learn how to behave 学会礼貌

behave oneself 守规矩，举止规矩

well-/badly-behaved a. 守/不守规矩的

behavior(美behavior) n. 行为，举止

例句

He behaves himself like a man.

他表现得像一男子汉。

His behaviour shows his lack of consideration for others.

他的行为表明他没有考虑到别人。

串讲

In the beginning, the badly-behaved boy didn’t adapt to the environment. Later, he behaved himself. His behavior is worth praising.

起初，这个行为不端的男孩不适应环境。后来，他表现得很好。他的行为值得表扬。

5. believe /bɪ'liːv/ v. 相信；认为，猜想

拓展

believe in 信任/赖；信仰/奉；相信有

believe it or not 信不信由你

it is believed that 从句 人们认为/相信……

belief n. 相信，信赖/仰；教义

beyond belief 难以置信

have belief in对……有信心

例句

The stepmother can believe her adopted son, but she can not believe in him.

我相信他说的话是真的，但是不相信他的为人。

串记

It is widely believed that there is no ghost. But believe it or not, my tutor believes in ghosts.

人们普遍认为鬼是不存在的。但是信不信由你，我的导师相信有鬼。

6. belong /bɪˈlɒŋ/ vi. 属于，附属

拓展

belong to 属于，附属

belonging n. 归属感；所有物

belongings n. 财产，所有物

例句

China belongs to the Third World．

中国属于第三世界。

串记

All the belongings belongs to the artist but he wants to abandon them.

所有的财产都属于这位艺术家，但他想放弃它们。

7. benefit /'benɪfɪt/ n. & v.利益；收益；使…受益

拓展

benefit sb./sth. 对某人/物有益

benefit from/by 从……中获益；得益于

for the benefit of sb.＝ for one's benefit 为了某人的利益

hurt sb．for one’s own benefit 损人利己

be of benefit to 对……有益处

beneficial adj. 有益的；有用的

be beneficial to 对……有利/益处

例句

①Keep it in mind, and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.

记住它，逐渐地我们就可以养成这种好的学习习惯并且从中获益。

②The new regulation will be of benefit to all the students.

新规定对所有学生都有好处。

③Reading widely and regularly will be beneficial to your English.

广泛而有规律地阅读对你英语有好处。

串记

Reading benefits you. Besides, you can benefit from speaking. In addition, listening is of benefit to you，too. Finally, writing is beneficial to you. All in all, for your benefit, you should do all the four above.

阅读对你有好处。此外，你可以从说话中受益。还有，倾听对你也有好处。最后，写作对你是有益的。总之，为了你的利益，你应该做到以上四件事。

8. besides /bɪ'saɪdz/prep. 除…以外(还有)(同in addition to)；ad. 还有，此外(同in addition, also, what's more)

例句

What do you like to do besides swimming?

除游泳外你还喜欢什么?

串记

My home lies beside a supermarket. Besides, there is a cinema in back of it.Besides the two advantages, the school I attend is only two stops away.

我家在一家超市旁边。此外，在它的后面有一个电影院。除了这两个优点，我就读的学校只有两站远。

辨析

besides/except/exceptfor/except that/apart from

besides表“除…以外还有”，包括besides之后的部分在内；

except表示从整体中除去部分，排除或不包括在内；

except for可以表示“除了”(=except)，还可表示修正主句的结论或观点；

except that 也是表示修正主句的内容，但接从句。

apart from既指包括在内，也指排除在外相当于besides和except。

9. birth /bɜːθ/ n. 出生；诞生

拓展

at birth 在出生时

by birth 生来就，天生就；在血统上

birth date/rate 出生日期/率

give birth to 生育，生；产生，造成

birthday n. 生日

birthplace n. 出生地；发源地

例句

①It was in Asia that the world's greatest cultures had their birth.世界上最伟大的文化都起源于亚洲。

②She is English by birth but French by marriage.

她是英国血统,但嫁给了法国人而加入了法国国籍。

串记

Grandmother gave birth to nine children in all, as the birth rate then was high. Grandma was poor, but able by birth. In order to earn her living she travelled around. She remembered every child's birthday and birthplace to the end of her life.

奶奶一共生了9个孩子，当时出生率很高。奶奶出生贫穷，但是天生能干。为了生计辗转各地。但是她到死是都记得每一个孩子的生日和出生地。

10. blame /bleɪm/ n.& v. 责备；责怪

拓展

(1)blame sb./sth. for sth. 因某事而责备某人/某事

blame sth. on sb. 把某事怪到某人头上

be to blame (for sth.) 对(某事)负有责任

(2)take the blame (for) (为……)承担责任

lay/put the blame (for sth.) on sb. (把某事)归咎于某人

例句

①Don't always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to blame.

不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人，有时该怪的是你自己。

②The police had figured out the cause of the traffic accident and it was the lorry driver that should take the blame for it.

警方已经查明这起交通事故的起因，是那位卡车司机应为此负责。

③Instead of blaming each other, we should communicate more and put ourselves in others' place.

我们应该多交流，换位思考而不是相互责怪。

串记

The parents are blaming each other for the child's education. Who is to blame and who will take the blame for the wrong education?

父母们互相指责孩子的教育。谁该受责备，谁应该为错误教育承担责任？

课后练习

Passage 1

If you are already making the time to exercise,it is good indeed!With such busy lives,it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 1 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.

●Your productivity is improved.Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 2 ●Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. 3 If you work out in the mornings,then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day,not in your sleep.

● 4 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening.Exercise energizes you,so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.

● 5 If you work out bright and early in the morning,you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food?You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.

There are a lot of benefits to working out,especially in the mornings.Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out!You will feel energized all day long.

A.You will stick to your diet.

B.Your quality of sleep improves.

C.You prefer healthy food to fast food.

D.There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.

E.You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.

F.After you exercise,you continue to burn calories throughout the day.

G.If you are planning to do exercise regularly,or you’re doing it now,then listen up!.

Passage 2

Around three in five people in the UK will find 1 necessary to care for an elderly or a disabled loved one at some point.This can be made much 2 (easy) by bearing in mind a few simple principles and pieces of advice.

3 (care) for an elderly loved one—most likely a parent,is never easy.It can cause great pain emotionally and 4 (physical) and the financial challenges can sometimes seem difficult to deal with,too.

Often one of the hardest things is striking a balance between your parents’ desire 5 (feel) independent and the need to ensure that they are safe and their health needs are being attended to.Sometimes this can create tensions and 6 (argue),only adding to the stress of an already difficult situation.It is important here to make them feel that they are being listened to and 7 you only have their best interests at heart.

The same applies to 8 (finance) issues.In order to cover the costs of their parents’ care—including bills and medicine—many people will investigate options such as selling the family home.The most important thing here is communication—it is vital to make sure that everyone involved,including other brothers and sisters, 9 (be) aware of what’s being proposed and cooperates to find a solution 10 satisfies everybody.