英语语法填空易错剖析

英语语法填空易错剖析

一、高中英语语法填空

1．阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

The annual Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival is Harbin's main tourist highlight. It is the world's biggest winter festival. The ________(bitter) cold winters are just right for this festival.

________sets the Harbin festival apart is the scale and size of the sculptures and the________(beauty) lighting. It is bigger than ________ ones in Sapporo, Norway, and Quebec.

At first, mainly Chinese________(participate), but in the last decade, it has become an international festival and ________(compete). As the festival grows in international participation, and as China's economy grows, the size of the snow sculptures and ice architecture exhibits keeps ________(grow) The work going into making these exhibits is astounding, and their size and beauty is amazing.

The lightning ________(effect)on the huge ice sculptures in the Ice and Snow World are technologically complex.

Officially the festival ________(hold) from the end of December through

February. Opening dates keep changing, and ending dates partly depends ________ the weather.

The Sun Island Scenic Area will be opened from Dec. 21 to Feb. 28.

【答案】 bitterly；What；beautiful；the；participated；competition；growing；effects；is held；on

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了哈尔滨冰雕节的发展和现状。

（1）考查副词。空处修饰形容词cold，需用副词修饰作状语，故填bitterly。

（2）考查主语从句。 sets the Harbin festival apart 是主语从句，此句中缺主语，故填What。

（3）考查形容词。形容词修饰名词作定语。故填beautiful。

（4）考查冠词。空后的ones指代festivals，后面给出了具体的地点作定语，因此是特指，用定冠词，故填the。

（5）考查时态。根据At first，可知讲述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填 participated。

（6）考查名词。此空与前面的 festival 并列，作表语，故填 competition.

（7）考查非谓语动词。keep doing sth.固定短语，”继续做某事“，动名词作宾

语，故填growing。

（8）考查名词。根据本句的谓语动词are，可知名词复数作主语，故填effects。

（9）考查时态语态。本句描述的是现在的客观情况，，谓语动词用一般现在时；the festival与hold之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故填is held。

（10）考查介词。depend on/upon固定短语，”依靠“，故填on/upon。

【点评】本题考点涉及副词，主语从句，形容词，冠词，时态，名词，非谓语动词，时态语态以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

2．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当 内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

China's first artificial intelligence (Al) textbook for high school students ________(bring) out last week, following a plan by central government ________(include) Al courses in primary and secondary school.

The nine - chapter textbook, ________(name) \" Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence\" , was written by outstanding ________(scholar) from well - known schools nationwide, under the joint efforts by the research center for MOOC at East China Normal University and Al startup SenseTime. It includes the history of Al and how the technology can be applied in areas such as facial recognition,

auto driving and public security.

\"The textbook focuses not only on basics of Al, but on ________(practice) use of Al in daily life,\" said Chen Yukun, a professor at East China Normal University, ________ is also a contributor to the book. Up till now, about 40 high schools across the country ________(undertake) the task of being the first group of Al high education pilot program ________ introducing the textbook in the curriculum. \"The Al sector is facing a talent shortage ________(global). The publication of the book is ________breakthrough as it takes Al technology out of the 'Ivory tower' and makes it part of high school learning,\" said Lin Dahua, a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.

【答案】 was brought；to include；named；scholars；practical；who；have undertaken；by；globally；a

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能教科书开始进入中国高中课堂。

（1）考查时态语态。句意：紧接着中央政府把人工智能课程纳入初高中课程的计划，中国第一本人工智能教材上周出版了。分析句子可知，此处是谓语动词，根据last week判断为一般过去时，主语textbook和bring out之间是动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填was brought。

（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：紧接着中央政府把人工智能课程纳入初高中课程的计

划，中国第一本人工智能教材上周出版了。根据句意可知，此处应译为“……的计划”，所以用不定式作为名词plan的后置定语。故填to include。

（3）考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词，逻辑主语textbook和name(命名)之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。故填named。

（4）考查名词。scholar“学者”是可数名词，联系上下句此处应是很多学者编写了这本书，故用复数形式。故填scholars。

（5）考查形容词。分析句子可知，句中use是名词，应用形容词修饰。故填practical。

（6）考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是Chen Yukun，从句___6___ is also a contributor to the book.缺少主语，故用关系代词who/that，但非限不能用that。故填who。

（7）考查时态。根据up till now“到目前为止”判断为现在完成时，主语high schools是复数，故用have done。故填have undertaken。

（8）考查介词。句意：到目前为止，已经有大约40所高中通过把教科书引入课程承担起了第一批人工智能高校试点工程。根据句意可知，此处应译为“通过引入教科书进课程”，表达“通过”常用介词by。故填by。

（9）考查副词。分析句子可知，此处是修饰前面的整个句子，故用副词形式。故填globally。

（10）考查冠词。breakthrough是可数名词，此处译为“一个突破”,且该词是辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，定语从句，副词，时态，介词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand years ________ the use of animal bones and shells on which symbols ________ (carve) by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today's hanzi.

By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols ________ (become) a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, ________ (lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters. This, ________, changed under the rule of Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty.

Emperor Qinshihuang made the seven major states into one ________ (unite) country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was of great ________ (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what

dialect they speak, they can all still communicate ________ (easy) in writing.

Written Chinese has also become an important means by ________ China's present is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic ________ (work) which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.

【答案】 to；were carved；had become；leading；however；united；importance；easily；which；works

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国文字记录的发展历史。

（1）考查介词。date back to固定短语，“追溯到”，故填to。

（2）考查时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，主语为symbols复数名词，谓语动词用复数。故填were carved。

（3）考查时态。句意：到了商代，这些符号已经成为一种很发达的文字系统。根据“by the Shang Dynasty”可知，应使用过去完成时，表示“到……为止，已经成为”，故填had become。

（4）考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，lead在句中做非谓语动词，且system与lead to为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，填leading。

（5）考查副词。句意：然而，这种情况在秦朝秦始皇的统治下改变了。结合句意可知表示转折，“但是”应用however，故填however。

（6）考查形容词。修饰名词country，应用形容词，表示“一个统一的国家”。故填united。

（7）考查名词。be of importance固定短语，“很重要的”，故填importance。

（8）考查副词。修饰动词communicate，应用副词，表示“容易沟通”，故填easily。

（9）考查定语从句。句意：书面汉语也成为中国的现在与过去联系的重要手段。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词means，且做介词by的宾语，指代“手段”应用关系代词which。故填which。

（10）考查名词。work“作品”，可数名词，根据were可知，应使用名词复数，故填works。

【点评】本题考点涉及介词，时态语态，非谓语动词，副词，形容词，名词，定语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

4．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Cuju was developed in China around 500 B. C. and was played with a leather

ball. It is considered by FIFA as the ________ (early ) form of football. During the Han Dynasty, the popularity of Cuju ________ (spread) from the army to the royal courts and upper classes. It ________ (say) that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport. Cuju ________ (match) were often held inside the imperial palace.

Cuju was further developed ________. the Tang Dynasty. There were dozens of well-organized Cuju leagues in Chang'an. ________ was then the capital of the Empire. The rules, fields and facilities for Cuju became more advanced, for example, balls filled with air and Cuju goals appeared during this period. ________ was also during this age that similar games were being played in Korea and Japan, and ________ (gradual) worldwide.

Cuju was most developed during the Song Dynasty because of the social and economic development. At that time, ________ (profession) Cuju players were quite popular. They fell into two groups: One was trained by and performed for the royal court and the other talented civilians who made a ________ (live) as Cuju players.

【答案】 earliest；spread；is/was said；matches；in/during；which；It；gradually；professional；living

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了足球的历史。蹴鞠大约是在公元前500年在中国发展起来的，当时用的是皮球。它被国际足联认为是最早的足球形式。汉代，蹴鞠的普及从军队传到宫廷和上层社会。据说南武帝很喜欢这项运动。蹴鞠比赛常在皇宫内举行。唐代得到进一步发展，并逐渐在世界范围内流行。宋代的蹴鞠运动最为发达。

（1）考查形容词。句意：公元前500年左右，中国发明了蹴鞠，当时用的是皮球。它被国际足联认为是最早的足球形式。根据语境可知，此处是指蹴鞠是足球最早的形式，故要用最高级，填earliest。

（2）考查时态。句意：汉代，蹴鞠的流行从军队传播到宫廷和上层社会。分析句子可知，本空是谓语动词，其中的主语是蹴鞠，与动词spread二者是主动关系，此处的时间状语是“汉代”，要用一般过去时，故填spread。

（3）考查时态语态。句意：据说南朝武帝很喜欢这项运动。根据语境可知， “南朝武帝很喜欢这项运动”，既可以是现在大家说的，也可以是过去说的，所以既可用一般现在时，又可以用一般过去时。此处是主语从句，其中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。主语从句“that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport.”与动词said是被动关系，是被说，因此要用被动语态。故填is/was said。

（4）考查名词。句意：蹴鞠比赛常在故宫内举行。根据本句国的副词“often”可知 “蹴鞠比赛”不指一次，有许多次，可数名词match要用复数形式，故填matches。

（5）考查介词。句意：蹴鞠运动在唐代得到进一步发展。根据语境可指蹴鞠运动在唐代得到进一步发展。此时可用“in/during”，故填in/during 。

（6）考查定语从句。句意：在当时的帝国首都长安，有几十个组织良好的蹴鞠联盟。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，其中的Chang'an是先行词，在定语从句中做主语，非限制性定语从句中做主语，指物，要用which，故填which。

（7）考查强调句型。句意：在这个时代，韩国和日本也有类似的游戏。分析句子可知，本句是强调句型“it is/was + 被强调部分+that +剩余部分”，句强调了时间状语during this age，去掉“It is/was...that...”后句子是完整的。故填It。

（8）考查副词。句意：也就是在这个时期，类似的游戏在韩国和日本开始流行，并逐渐在世界范围内流行。空格处在句中修饰副词worldwide，修饰副词要用副词，故填gradually。

（9）考查形容词。句意：当时，职业的蹴鞠运动员颇受欢迎。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作定语，修饰名词Cuju players，修饰名词要用形容词，故填professional。

（10）考查固定搭配。句意：一组是由皇家宫廷训练和表演的，另一组是以蹴鞠为生的有才华的平民运动员。make a living，固定短语，“以......为生”。故填living。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，时态语态，名词，介词，定语从句，强调句，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

5．阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Since Brad Ryan began to take grandma Joy on trips to the breathtaking landscapes of America, they ________ (go) through dozens of cross-country adventures.

In 2015, Brad Ryan visited his 85-year-old grandma ________ (live) a simple life on her own, and then he hoped that spending some quality family time with her would help to lift her spirits. When he told ________ (story) of his travels to his grandma, she regretted not seeing more of the world. Then Ryan invited his grandma ________ (hike) with him, and she accepted his idea ________ (cheerful). From then on, the pair travelled to 29 National Parks in total, and had many adventures along the way, ________ has even affected his way of life. \"Life for her now is a lot ________ (rich). It was the look in her eyes that impressed me a lot.\" Ryan said, \"I love my grandma. She has taught me how to live, I've learned to slow down and see the world in ________ different way. There are so many viewpoints and knowledge we can gain ________ our elders. Even if some day she does pass away, I can go back to these places to feel her spirit and feel ________ (connect) to her.\"

【答案】 have gone；living；stories；to hike；cheerfully；which；richer；a；from；connected

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Brad Ryan和Joy奶奶一起去美国那些令人惊叹的地方旅行，Ryan说奶奶教会了他用如何生活，学会了慢下来，用不同的方式看世界。

（1）考查时态。句意：自从Brad Ryan开始带着乔伊奶奶去美国那些令人惊叹的地方旅行以来，他们已经经历了几十次越野冒险。根据上文“Since Brad Ryan began to take grandma Joy on trips to the breathtaking landscapes of America”可知，应用现在完成时，主语为they，助动词用have。故填have gone。

（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：2015年， Brad Ryan看望了自己过着简单生活的85岁高龄的奶奶，他希望和她共度一段美好的家庭时光能帮助她振作起来。分析句子结构可知live在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语grandma构成主动关系，应用现在分词。故填living。

（3）考查名词。句意：当他向祖母讲述他旅行的故事时，她后悔没有多看看这个世界。story为可数名词，前面没有冠词，应用复数形式。故填stories。

（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，瑞安邀请他的奶奶和他一起去远足，她欣然接受了他的想法。invite sb. to do sth.固定短语，“邀请某人做某事”。故填to hike。

（5）考查副词。句意：然后，瑞安邀请他的奶奶和他一起去远足，她欣然接受了他的想法。修饰动词accept应用副词。故填cheerfully。

（6）考查定语从句。句意：从那以后，他们一起去了29个国家公园，一路上经历了很多冒险，甚至影响了他的生活。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语。故填which。

（7）考查形容词。句意：现在她的生活丰富多了。结合句意表示“更加丰富”应用形容词比较级，故填richer。

（8）考查冠词。句意：她教我如何生活，我学会了慢下来，用不同的方式看世界。in a different way固定短语，“用一种不同的方式”。故填a。

（9）考查介词。句意：我们可以从长辈那里获得很多观点和知识。结合句意表示“从……”应用介词from。故填from。

（10）考查形容词。句意：即使有一天她真的去世了，我也可以回到这些地方去感受她的精神，感受和她的联系。根据上文feel为系动词可知，应填形容词作表语，故填connected。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，名词，副词，定语从句，形容词，冠词以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

6．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

I don't photograph wild animals very often, ________ wild horses are an exception. I first learned about Alberta's wild horses 20 years ago. Ever since, I had wanted to see and photograph them. A friend of mine, who also loves wild horses, ________ (hear) about my wish in March 2017, and I was fortunate enough to be able to accompany him to see the wild horses in the Williams Creek area of Alberta. It was ________ unique experience.

We spent a day there ________ our first visit and have been back to the same

area three more times since then. Once we were so lucky to see more than 100 horses there. I managed to capture a great shot of a pony ________ (run) and jumping for the sheer joy of it, ________ I felt so proud of. The pony was having such fun all by ________ (he) while the rest of his herd grazed peacefully.

Having been out with the horses several times now, I hope to visit them again—as often as possible! They're magnificent and ________ (true) nurture my soul. I'm so thankful for the privilege of having the opportunity to spend time with them. These horses are born wild and free, and deserve always ________ (remain) so. ________(photograph) like me quite value the chance to get close to the wild horses.

【答案】 but；heard；a；on；running；which；himself；truly；to remain；Photographers

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者拍摄野马的独特经历。

（1）考查连词。句意：我不经常拍摄野生动物，但野马是个例外。根据句意可知前后是转折关系，故填but。

（2）考查时态。句意：我的一个朋友也喜欢野马，他在2017年3月听说了我的愿望。根据时间状语“in March 2017”可知事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故填heard。

（3）考查冠词。句意：这是一次独特的经历。experience当“经历”讲时是可数名

词，此处用不定冠词表泛指，unique的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。

（4）考查介词。句意：我们第一次去的时候在那里待了一天，之后又去了三次。spend time on sth固定短语，“在某物/事上花时间”，故填on。

（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：我成功地捕捉到了一匹小马奔跑和跳跃撒欢的 精彩镜头，我为此感到骄傲。pony与run之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，此处与后面的jumping并列用现在分词作后置定语，故填running。

（6）考查定语从句。句意：我成功地捕捉到了一匹小马奔跑和跳跃撒欢的 精彩镜头，我为此感到骄傲。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，故填which。

（7）考查代词。句意：小马自己玩得很开心，而其他的马则安静地吃草。all by oneself固定短语，“自己、单独”，故填himself。

（8）考查副词。句意：它们是伟大的，真正滋养了我的灵魂。修饰动词nurture用副词，故填truly。

（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：这些马生来就野性十足，自由自在，它们理应永远如此。deserve to do固定短语，“理应做、做……理所应当”，主语和动词是主动关系，故填to remain。

（10）考查名词。句意：像我这样的摄影师非常珍惜接近野马的机会。根据空后的“like me”可知此处用表示身份的名词作主语，photographer表示“摄影师”，是可

数名词，此处用复数表泛指，故填Photographers。

【点评】本题考点涉及连词，时态，介词，非谓语动词，定语从句，代词，副词以及名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

7．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

A program called Everlasting Classics is becoming ________ (increase) popular. The program, ________ combines Chinese traditional poetry with music, was launched by China Central Television (CCTV) in 2018.

And it became a great hit soon after the program ________ (show) on CCTV 1. It was hosted by Sa Beining, ________ CCTV host loved by the audience, and the Appreciation Group in the group included Professor Kang Zen from Beijing Normal University, Dean of the China Conservatory of Music, Wang Liguang, the famous hostess Zeng Baoyi and the well-known singer Yu Chengqing. Together, they led the audience to interpret and appreciate many classic Chinese poems, enjoying the ________ (beautiful) that the poems brought to the audience. Moreover, the poems were adapted into songs, which were sung by famous singers, like Zhang Jie, Wang Yuan, etc, ________ (make) the program more spellbinding.

In Season 1 of the program, one of the ________ (attract) songs was Butterfly Lovers (《梁祝》). An 88-year-old pianist called Wu Yili played the music with the famous violinist Lv Siqing. The melodious music moved many of the audience ________ tears. In recent years, CCTV has produced many programs ________ (spread) traditional Chinese culture, including Chinese Poetry Competition ________ Everlasting Classics. Thanks to these programs, many people set off a craze for the study of Chinese culture.

【答案】 increasingly；which；was shown；a；beauty；making；most attractive；to；to spread；and

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国中央电视台为推广中国传统文化而制作的节目《经典咏流传》，并正变得越来越受欢迎。

（1）考查副词。句意：电视节目经典咏流传正变得越来越受欢迎。此处为副词修饰形容词popular, 故填increasingly。

（2）考查定语从句。句意：这个结合了中国传统诗歌和音乐的节目在2018年由中国中央电视台推出。根据句意可知_____ combines Chinese traditional poetry with music,为定语从句修饰先行词the program, 从句中缺主语，并且在非限制性定语从句中不能用that,因此只能用which。故填which。

（3）考查时态语态。句意：在央视一台播放之后，这个节目立刻就大获成功。由after引导的时间状语从句中的主语the program与show构成动宾关系，且根据时间状语in 2018可知此处应用一般过去式的被动语态。故填was shown。

（4）考查冠词。句意：这个节目由撒贝宁主持，他是一名很受观众喜欢的央视主持人。（单数）名词或名词短语作同位语时，往往前面使用不定冠词,且CCTV首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。

（5）考查名词。句意：他们领着观众解释并欣赏很多经典的中国诗歌，享受着诗歌给大家带来的美。enjoy the beauty. “欣赏......的美”，此处应用名词。故填beauty。（

6）考查非谓语动词。句意：这些诗歌还被改编成歌曲，由一些著名歌手演唱，是这个节目更加令人着迷。根据句意可知_______ (make) the program more spellbinding.为结果状语，且前面主句与make构成主谓关系，因此应用现在分词。故填making。

（7）考查形容词。句意：在这个节目第一季中，最吸引人的是歌曲《梁祝》。结合句意可知此处考查结构：one of+最高级，意为“最......的之一”。 attractive有吸引力的。故填most attractive。

（8）考查介词。句意：悦耳的旋律把观众都感动哭了。move sb. to tears/be moved to tears固定短语，“把…感动哭、被感动哭了”。故填to。

（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：近些年来，中央电视台制作了很多节目推广中国传统文化，包括《中国诗歌大赛》和《经典咏流传》。根据句意可知此处为动词不定式作目的状语。故填to spread。

（10）考查连词。句意：近些年来，中央电视台制作了很多节目推广中国传统文化，包括《中国诗歌大赛》和《经典咏流传》。根据句意可知此处为并列关系，应用连词

and。故填and。

【点评】本题考点涉及副词，定语从句，时态语态，冠词，名词，非谓语动词，形容词，介词以及连词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

8．阅读下面材料.在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many people take the idea of saving money very seriously. Back in 1924, in Italy, a group of people________ (think) the inability to resist spending a major social problem. They had the idea of starting a day to remind people to put away some money for a rainy day. This is how World Saving Day, held on Oct 31st ________(annual), was started, and it's still going strong in 2019. Not surprisingly, a movement ________(target) the poor was started. People in the underdeveloped world are more open ________ calls to be careful with money. But ________ idea of being thrifty (节俭)has also become popular among the rich. Take Mark Zuckerberg for example. The Facebook founder, one of the world's ________(rich) people, doesn't spend very much money on himself. Other people don't spend money because they don't like the culture of ________(consume). This is connected to the view ________ we should make ourselves happy through the activities we take part in, rather than with what we buy.

But however we view money moderate ________ (spend) is certainly a good idea when we are still too young to get a job. There is a British saying that offers some good advice in this situation: \"Look after the pennies, and the pounds will look after ________(they).\"

【答案】 thought；annually；targeting；to；the；richest；consumption；that；spending；themselves

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，如今人们对待金钱的看法，许多人非常认真地对待存钱的想法，节俭的观念也在富人中流行起来。就此作者建议太年轻找不到工作的时候应当适度消费。

（1）考查时态。句意：早在1924年，在意大利，一群人认为无力抵制消费是一个重大的社会问题。结合上文in 1924可知应用一般过去时。故填thought。

（2）考查副词。句意：每年10月31日举行的世界储蓄日就是这样开始的，2019年仍将保持强劲势头。修饰动词hold应用副词。故填annually。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：毫不奇怪，一场针对穷人的运动开始了。分析句子结构可知target在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语movement构成主动关系，应用现在分词。故填targeting。

（4）考查介词。句意：欠发达国家的人们更愿意接受小心花钱的呼吁。be open to固定短语，“愿意接受……的”。故填to。

（5）考查冠词。句意：但节俭的观念也在富人中流行起来。idea为可数名词，此处特指“节俭的观念”，应用定冠词。故填the。

（6）考查形容词。句意：这位Facebook的创始人，世界上最富有的人之一，并没有在自己身上花很多钱。结合句意表示“世界上最富有的人之一”应用形容词最高级。故填richest。

（7）考查名词。句意：其他人不花钱是因为他们不喜欢消费文化。of为介词，后跟名词做宾语，表示“消费”，故填consumption。

（8）考查同位语从句。句意：这与这样一种观点有关:我们应该通过参与活动而不是通过买东西来让自己快乐。本句为同位语从句修饰先行词view，且从句中不缺少成分应用that。故填that。

（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：但无论我们如何看待金钱，在我们还太年轻找不到工作的时候，适度的消费肯定是一个好主意。moderate为形容词修饰名词，表示“消费”，此处使用动名词。故填spending。

（10）考查代词。句意：在这种情况下，英国有句谚语提供了一些很好的建议:“积少成多”谚语Look after the pennies, and the pounds will look after themselves.“积少成多”，此处指代主语pounds，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态，副词，非谓语动词，介词，冠词，形容词，名词，同位语从句以及代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息

的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

9．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Digital receipts offer a few improvements over ________(tradition) paper receipts. One is health-related. Lots of receipt paper contains bisphenol—A, or BPA. This chemical can completely influence or outright change some bodily processes, like hair growth, hormone function and cell repair. ________ (reduce) receipt paper reduces the risk for BPA exposure for not only consumers but also for employees who handle the paper ________ a more routine basis. Another reason why digital receipts are better just boils down to ________ (convenient). You can access those receipts through your email and file ________ (they) away in a separate folder or with a specific label for easy sorting. Or, if you need more help on the organization front, try a receipt tracking app. Physical receipts require you physically ________ (keep) track of them, and that means a shoe box or an accordion folder or a big thumb tack on a cork board in the kitchen. There have been times when I've let something go unreturned ________ I didn't have the receipt. I'm betting I'm not alone on that.

Some businesses, particularly local ones, use newer point of sale systems like Square that will ________ (automatic) send you a digital receipt if you've already received one from another business that uses Square. When you pay with the same credit you did at the first seller, and you've already provided ________ email

address to the Square system, you ________ (get) a receipt in your email minutes later.

【答案】 traditional；Reducing；on；convenience；them；to keep；because；automatically；an；will get

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了与使用传统纸质票据相比，使用电子票据的益处。

（1）考查形容词。句意：数字收据比传统的纸质收据有一些改进。此处作定语修饰名词 receipts应用形容词。故填traditional。

（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：减少纸质收据的使用不仅降低了消费者接触BPA的风险，也降低了那些经常使用纸质收据的员工接触BPA的风险。分析句子结构可，此句缺少主语，此处时动名词作主语。故填Reducing。

（3）考查介词。句意：减少纸质收据的使用不仅降低了消费者接触BPA的风险，也降低了那些经常使用纸质收据的员工接触BPA的风险。on a…basis固定短语，“在……的基础上”。故填on。

（4）考查名词。句意为：数字收据更好的第四个原因归结起来就是方便。boil down to固定短语，“归结起来是，其结果是”，此处名词作介词to的宾语。故填convenience。

（5）考查代词。句意：你可以通过电子邮件查看这些收据，并将它们归档到一个单

独的文件夹中，或者用一个特定的标签进行分类。此处指代前面名词复数 those receipts 在句子中作宾语应用人称代词宾格形式them。故填them。

（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：有形的收据需要你亲自去记录。require sb. to do sth.固定短语，“请求某人做某事”，动词不定式作require的宾补。故填to keep。

（7）考查连词。句意：有好几次，我因为没有收据而不能把东西退回了。本句为原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because。 故填because。

（8）考查副词。句意：Square会自动给你发送电子收据。修饰动词send应用其副词形式。故填automatically。

（9）考查冠词。句意：您已经向Square系统提供了一个电子邮件地址。address是可数名词，且此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，又因 address的发音是以元音音素开头的，应填an。

（10）考查时态。句意：你会在几分钟后收到一封邮件。此处为主句谓语动词，根据when引导的时间状语从句的时态可知，此处主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。故填一般将来时。故填will get。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，非谓语动词，介词，名词，代词，连词，副词，冠词以及时态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

10．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Have you ever wished your vocation could meet all your ________ (expect)? Well, this is possible when you choose ________ (go) on a cruise (游轮). Recently, cruises have become ________ (popular) places than traditional forms of traveling. ________ is not necessary to make reservations at different hotels, find places to dine, or arrange different transports in advance. Everything you can imagine is available whenever you want it on such ________ cruise ship.

Cruise ships are like miniature (小型的) cities on water. They are ________ (full) loaded with restaurants serving all kinds of dishes. The staterooms (特等客舱) can be compared to rooms ________ (find) in five-star hotels. The big difference is ________ you get to have a moving ocean view. What's more, there are activities designed for people of all ages and interests, and ________ (vary) sports facilities like gyms and rock climbing walls as well as clubs and shops are also accessible. Quality entertainments like Broadway shows and live music ________ (provide), too. 【答案】 expectations；to go；more popular；It；a；fully；found；that；various/varied；are provided

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了乘船旅行这一旅行方式，已经比传统的旅游方式更受欢迎，以及说明了乘船旅行的优势。

（1）考查名词。句意：你是否曾希望你的假期能满足你所有的期望?根据上文your

为形容词性物主代词可知应填名词expectation，且expectation为可数名词，由all修饰应用复数形式，故填expectations。

（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：嗯，当你选择乘船旅行时，这是可能的。choose to do sth.固定短语，“选择做某事”后跟不定式，故填to go。

（3）考查形容词。句意：最近，游轮已经比传统的旅游方式更受欢迎。根据下文“than traditional forms of traveling”可知用形容词比较级，且popular为多音节词，故填more popular。

（4）考查代词。句意：没有必要在不同的酒店预订，找地方吃饭，或提前安排不同的交通工具。此处应用it做形式主语，真正主语为后文的不定式，句式it is not necessary to do sth.“做某事是不必要的”。故填It。

（5）考查冠词。句意：你可以想象的一切都是可用的，只要你想在这样的邮轮上。trip为可数名词，此处泛指“一次游轮之旅”应用不定冠词，且cruise为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。

（6）考查副词。句意：他们满载着供应各种菜肴的餐厅。fully loaded“满载着”，故填fully。

（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：特等房间堪比五星级酒店的客房。分析句子结构可知find在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语room构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填found。

（8）考查表语从句。句意：最大的不同是你可以看到移动的海景。本句为表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that，填that。

（9）考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，有为所有年龄和兴趣的人设计的活动，和各种体育设施，如健身房和攀岩墙，以及俱乐部和商店。此处修饰名词短语sports facilities应用形容词，表示“各种体育设施”，故填various/varied。

（10）考查时态语态。句意：高质量的娱乐活动，如百老汇演出和现场音乐也提供。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且结合上文可知时态为一般现在时，主语为entertainments，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are provided。

【点评】本题考点涉及名词，非谓语动词，形容词，代词，冠词，副词，表语从句以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。