社区矫正论文：社区矫正风险评估制度比较研究

社区矫正风险评估制度比较

【中文摘要】社区矫正制度是源于西方国家的舶来品,社区矫正制度是一种刑罚执行方式,是一种刑罚执行制度。在发达国家经历了由理念提出、到制度构建、再到成熟发展的完整过程,虽然制度类型、构建理念不尽相同,但是在发达国家的刑罚中都发挥着重要的作用。比较而言,社区矫正制度在我国是一个全新的问题,社区矫正在我国启动较晚,自2003年10月,根据最高人民、最高人民、、司法部《关于开展社区矫正试点工作的通知》精神,通知明确规定社区矫正的适用对象包括下列5种罪犯:(1)被判处管制的。(2)被宣告缓刑的。(3)被裁定假释的。(4)被剥夺政治权利,并在社会上服刑的。(5)被暂予监外执行的,具体包括:1)有严重疾病需要保外就医的;2)怀孕或者正在哺乳自己婴儿的妇女;3)生活不能自理,适用暂予监外执行不致危害社会的。全国确定了六个省、市、直辖市作为首批试点省份,天津市、北京市、上海市、山东省、江苏省、广东省在统一部署下正式启动了社区矫正试点工作。工作开展以来,在党的统一领导和各级、的重视支持下,在各级有关部门的协调配合和社会各界的积极参与下,全国社区矫正工作经历了单一试点、扩大试点和全国推广的三个阶段,整体工作发展势头良好、扎实稳健,成效显著,在维护社会和谐稳定、降低刑罚执行成本等方面发挥了重要作用,在完善我国非监禁刑罚执行制度方面做出了有意的探索,积累了丰富的经验。但是,由于我国社区矫正工作没有形成制度体系,

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实际工作中缺乏法律依据,工作在开展过程中仅仅是依靠有限的规范性文件,很多工作在实际操作中面临着极大的困难,社区矫正工作的很多领域需要创新,只有不断完善社区矫正相关制度才能使我国的社区矫正工作突破发展的瓶颈。在这样的背景和要求下,“社区矫正风险评估体系”作为社区矫正工作的基础性问题亟待建立。建立一整套制度化、规范化、科学化的社区矫正风险评估体系,对准确分析社区服刑人员重新犯罪风险的大小有着积极的作用,根据风险评估的意见,对社区服刑人员实施有针对性的监督管理和教育矫正措施,能有效避免重新犯罪,大大提高社区服刑人员的教育矫正效果和社区矫正工作的整体质量。这既是我国社区矫正工作发展的方向所在,也是本文研究的。社区矫正风险评估如何建立?如何发挥其在降低重新犯罪率中的作用?如何发挥纽带作用,处理好在提高教育矫正质量和发挥矫正针对性两者之间的关系?

【英文摘要】Community corrections system is the imported goods from Western countries,Community corrections system is a way of punishment,Is a penalty system. In developed countries experienced by the ideas put forward, to build the system, to the mature development of the complete process, although the type of system to build the concept of different, but the penalty system in the developed countries have played an important role. In comparison, community corrections system in China is a new problem, community corrections in our late start,

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since October 2003, according to the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, Ministry of Public Security, Ministry of Justice “regarding the development of community correction work, “the spirit of community correction notice clearly states the application object includes the following five kinds of criminals: (1) is sentenced to control. (2) has been declared a suspended sentence. (3) is convicted of parole. (4) deprived of political rights, and serving in the community. (5) had been suspended to probation, including: 1) the need for medical treatment of serious diseases; 2) pregnant or are breast-feeding her own baby; 3) life can not take care of themselves, for temporary execution outside prison will not harm society . The country identified six provinces, cities and municipalities as the first batch of pilot provinces, Tianjin, Beijing, Shanghai, Shandong Province, Jiangsu Province, Guangdong Province, was officially launched under the unified arrangements of the community correction work. Work carried out since the unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee and, at all levels of government attention, supported by relevant departments at all levels of coordination and active participation of all sectors of society, the national community corrections work experience of a single pilot, the pilot and

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national expansion promotion of three stages, the overall good momentum of development, solid sound, with remarkable results in maintaining social harmony and stability, reduce the cost of execution of punishment has played an important role in improving China’s non-custodial penalty system has made a deliberate exploration accumulated a wealth of

experience.However, due to the formation of our system of community corrections system does not work, practical work, lack of legal basis, to carry out work in a limited course of just relying on the normative documents, a lot of work in practice is facing great difficulties, the work of community corrections Many areas need to innovate, constantly improve the community corrections related only to make our system of community corrections work breaking through the bottleneck. In this context and requirements, the “risk assessment community corrections system” as the basis for Community Corrections issues that must be established. Establish a set of systematic, standardized and scientific risk assessment of community corrections system, the accurate analysis of the risk of community sentences who re-offend size has a positive effect, according to risk assessment advice on the implementation of a targeted community sentences of supervision and personnel

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management corrective measures and education, can effectively prevent recidivism, greatly improving the education community correction inmates and the overall quality of the work of community corrections. This is our direction of development of Community Correction, and also the purpose of this study. Risk assessment of how to establish community corrections? How to play their role in reducing recidivism? How to play as a bridge to deal with good quality and improving education to play a correct relationship between the targeted correction?

【关键词】社区矫正 风险评估 比较研究 制度构建

【英文关键词】Community corrections Risk assessment Comparative studies System build

【目录】社区矫正风险评估制度比较研究内容摘要6-8

Abstract8-9

引言11-15

一、社区矫正风险评估制度概

（二） 社区

述15-24（一） 社区矫正风险评估的概念15-21

矫正风险评估的目的和意义21-24各国实践24-31

二、社区矫正风险评估制度的

（一） 美国的社区矫正风险评估制度24-27

（三） 韩国的社区

（二） 英国的社区矫正风险评估制度27-28矫正风险评估制度28-2929-31

（四） 新加坡的社区矫正风险评估制度

（一） 构（二） 社

三、我国社区矫正风险评估制度的构建31-39

建我国社区矫正风险评估制度的确定性和真实性31-33区矫正风险评估的研究方法33-36

（三） 社区矫正风险评估调查

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表36-39四、结论39-41五、《中华人民共和国刑事案件犯罪嫌

疑人、被告人社会调查实施办法》（建议稿）及其主要内容41-51（一） 《中华人民共和国刑事案件犯罪嫌疑人、被告人社会调查实施办法》（建议稿）的特征和内容4141-44

（二） 需要说明的几个问题

（三） 《中华人民共和国刑事案件犯罪嫌疑人、被告人社

致谢51-52

参考文献

会调查实施办法》（建议稿）全文44-5152

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