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Humanistic Education and College English Teaching

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维普资讯 http://www.cqvip.com Jl‘5jI-Jl‘I期 V01.5 No.I ReadandWrit ̄Periodical {II与写毒毒 2008年1月 Januaw 2008 ■・Human  ■i 一 st  ■l C I■- ■:ducat  - il On and Co 1 I I ege Eng l i sh Teach i ng 毕春意 (鄂州大学外语系湖北鄂州436000) Abstract:The educationa1 goa1 of humani stic ̄ducation i s to cultivate the whole person with complete persona1一 ity and the abl1ity of free choice.Its ̄ducationa1 princlples are:to cre8te a safe ̄nvironmont,to learn how to study。to 1et students participate,to faci1itate students lea/nlng desire and the fusion of cognition with motion.The idea that education should be students-based embedied by these educatlena1e goa1 and prlnciples has grcat implications for the education of col10g0 Eng1ish teaching. Key Words:humanisin;hamani stic education;Bngli sh teaching;facilitatire teaching 中图分类号:G642 1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1672—1578(2008)1-0001-03 is an intermedia to express the mutual reflection:on the Htmanism and Htmanistlc Education Humanism is a school of thouIght that believes human relationship between people and objective world,it is a tool to cognize things: and on culture, it is a carrier nd container of informaation. Therefore。language educa- beings are different from other species and possess capaci— ties not found in animals(Edwnrds。 1989).Humanists, therefore,give primacy to the study of human needs and interests.A central assumption is that human beings be— tion is a part of humane education The humanism of language itself provides the purpose for the humanistic education.The characteristics of Eng- l ish language educat ion stems from that of the nature of a language itself.The basic attributes of Language is not have out of intentionality and values(Kurtz,2OOO).This is in contrast to the beliefs of operant conditioning the— orists who believe that all behavior is the result of the application of consequences or to the beliefs of cognitive psychOlOgists who hold that the discovery or the making of its system,not its function,but its humanism.Language is the way of expression end processes that a human cog- nizes the Wnrld.The cognition and cxpression of human be— moaning is a primary factor in haman learning.Humanists also believe that it is necessary to study the person as a whole,especially as an individual grows and develops over the lifespan.The study of the self, motivation, and ings is always accompanied by emotion,subjective tenden— cies,illegibility and the unique way of thinking manners formed in their respective history。culture,geography,en. vironment,that is to say,human beings rely on their own understanding of the national spirit to cognize and express goal—setting are also areas of special interest. In a word:humanism is a philosophic theory and a world out— look.It is human-centered,especially taking personal in— the objective and subjective world.Therefore,the language is the human sciences,language itself is a cultural phe— nomonon,that decides we should implement humanities in terests. values and dignit: as the starting point. To hu— manism,the toleration,non-violence and freedom of thought is the most important principle in dealing with people. The term Humanistic Education is generally used to des— English teaching. Under the influence of trend of thought of humanistic education in1970s,the Uni ted States has come forth a number of new foreign languages teaching methods,there ignate a variety of educational theories and practices that re committed to the world—view aand ethical code of Human- iem:that is,positing the enhancement of human develop- ment,well—being,and dignity as the ultimate end of all re some considerably influenciala ones including:Curran’s Communi ty language learning :Cattegno’s The Silent Way, human thou【ght and action—beyond religious,ideological, nd Lozaanov’s Suggest opedia 。etc.althouIgh they advocate different teaching methods and classroom activities,these methods do have one thing in common,that is,they do not see a learner as an organism who is able to make mochani— or national ideals and values.Based on a long phi1osophi— cal and moral tradition — from the ancient Biblical prophets and Greek philosophars to the UN’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights end the Rights of the Child. The task of humanistic education is to offer corre- cal reaction to the outside,but as a integrated individu— al with both wisdon and emotion.Therefore,they pay spe— spending basis for students’personality development, cial attention to the important role in the process of learning inclusive of self-awareness of emotional factors, fully embody the idea of humanism and often are called by al1-around advancement and lifelong study. It takes person’ s freedom and al1-round development as the ultimate aim。 nd featured by realizing the harmonious development of abody and mind, knowledge and morals, aspiration and emo- tion,wisdom and capacity.Humanistic education emphasizes the value of education, attaches importance to ethics and promotes the rational value.It is safe to say that human- a joint neme as humnaistic approaches Nunna,1991) 3 (Crystal。1987: The requirements of humanistic education to the system of English@. ̄orses Humanistic education needs syste皿ic refOrm in all di— rections, including cOurses, the general 0utline, teaching 陋terials, evaluation, teaching resOurces as well as teach— istic education equals to the value of education 2 The necessity for the implementation of humanities in English teaching The humanistic essence of language embodies that:"when ing. As far as the self—building of English courses, I c0nsider it necessary t0 refOzm fr0皿the fOllo霄ing twO as— pects in Order tO pr0ⅢOte hu皿an educ8tion in Our cOuntry. it (a language)acts on the interpersonal relations,it 一1一 维普资讯 http://www.cqvip.com

维普资讯 http://www.cqvip.com 第5卷摹1期 V01.5 No.1 Read and Wfitc Periodical {|I与写●志 2008年1月 January 2008 The last item mentioned above carl be realized by means of“facilitative teaching”.Let me discuss it in detail. Once didactics involves students’emotion。the field urally have a thirst for knowledge. Some survey showed that students in classrooms of high facilitative teachers:missed four fewer days of school(5 of awareness and their spiritual needs,this didactics as compared to 9 for low facilitative teachers):increased scores on self_concept measures:had much more confidence in class。etc.All the statistics shows that facilitative teaching is extremely necessary in English education to build a non—threatening environment. All contemporary humanistic educators should share a will come highly efficient.During the implementation of humanistic education,teachers should have the capacity of controlling students’psychology to improve the level of English teaching and create a 1 ight—hearted classroom climate,this is also one aspect of the facilitative teach— ing. commitment to humanize their students in a spirit of in— tellectual freedom,moral autonomy,and pluralistic democ— racy.They should strive to provide the kind of education Teachers who were more highly facilitative tended to provide more:response to student feel ing:use of student ideas in ongoing instructional interactions:discussion that, On the one hand。 liberate their students from the with students (dialogue):praise of students:congruent fetters of ignorance。 caprice,prejudice, alienation, and teacher talk (1ess ritualistic):tailoring of contents to false—cOnsciOusness, and。 on the other, empower them to the individual student’s frame of reference(explanations actualize their human potential ities and lead autonomous, created to fit the immediate needs of the Iearners):and full,and fulfilling human lives. smiling with students. 7 Conclusion Let me discuss it in detail taking Pairwork”and Language is not just a symbol,not just a communica- “Groupwork”activity as examples. tive tool,but a national culture,an embodiment of the a.Making students willing to express.In Traditional spirit,in another word,language is not a tool disci— teaching, speaking opportunities are always belonged to pline but a humanistic one as mentioned above. English those students who are good at the performance.Others who teaching should train students not only to master language rae shy or not good at conversation dare not rai se their knowledge and skills as well as be able to cope with the hands to speak,even named by the teacher,they often have cross-cultural communication,but also be a modern sound tense psychology and play poorly in ful I view,often have people in line with the requirements of social and nation- too tense psychology to have a good conduct,therefore al development: a people with good language level , rela- this situation cause them some psychOlOgical barriers. In tively strong communication ability and problem-solving a- the end。those students remain silent and lose many oppor— bility:a people with healthy beliefs。lofty moral charac— tunities for language practice. In Pairwork”and Group- ter。independent spirit and graceful interests.Foreign lan— work”activities, in the face of their companions。they ugage education should transmit knowledge。develop skills。 have a sense of security, and not worry about being but the more important is to create a very forward—looking ridiculed by the other students when they Ek ̄ke any mis— way of thinking,an innovative spirit,a kind of values。 take,they dare to freely practice and express their nad to inspire students to l ife,to enable them to deal views。and then gradually regain the lost self-confidance with nature,society。others and them own. of learning English self-confidence. j一}考文献 b.Having cooperatire learning, enhancing stu— [1]Edwords,F. (1989).What is humanism?Amherst,NY: dents—teachers exchange of feelings. In the cooperative American Humanist Association.[DB/OL].http://www.jcn. learning of Pairwork and Groupwork, students can understand com/hamanism.htm1.date:Nov.1。2007 mutually, exchange views, collide thought and share knowl— [2]Kurtz.P.(2000).Humanist manifesto 2000:A call for a edge to reach the purpose of“everyone teaches me,I teach new planetary humanism.Amherst,New York:Prometheus Books everyone”. In the intimately interpersOnal relatiOnships. [3]Dr.Nimrod Aloni.Humanistic Education.[DB/OL].http: team spirit and the ability to work can be properly dis— //www.ffst.hr/ENCYCLOPAEDIA/hamanisticeducation.htm.date: —played and upgraded。 students can perform better, 1earn Nov.3,2007 more and have the ability to develop good interpersonal [4]许国璋、论语言[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1999:1 skills. [5】潘文国.语言的定义[J].‘华东师范大学学报》,2001,(1). c.Equal opportunities and participation for all。eⅢ_ [6]王笃勤。尹静,王洪宁.论英语教育中的能力培养与人文教育 bodiment of fair education.“Pairwork“and“groupwork”ac— [J].《教育与职业》一2006(35)一106—107 tivities embody a new concept of English teaching:learn— [7】Huitt。W. (2001).Humanism and open education.Educa- ing by doing.each student has some opportunity and time tional Psychology Interactive.Valdosta。GA:Valdosta State for the exchange and English practice. Initiative and cre— University.[Dl}/0L].http-//chiton.valdosta.edu/wbuitt/col/ ativity can be developed. affsys/humed.htm1.date:Nov.1。2007 d.Linking to real 1 ife.inspiring students’learning [8]谢余良.“英语教学中的pairwork和groupwork及其策略组织” enthusiasm.In Pairwork and Groupwork,the teaching content [J】.‘中小学外语教学与研究》2004(1) rae often related to life。 sOcializatiOn such as asking [9]宋婕.大学应该提供什么样的人文教育[力.《现代哲学》,2003, family members,hobbies。 resolving learning difficulties (2) nad expressing their OWl2 views,etc.These activities are all lively and interesting,and are extremely in line with students’demand for feelings。therefore students will nat— 一3一 

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