一、初中英语过去完成时
1．By the time I got back to school, the bell______.
A. rang B. has rung C. had rung 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：当我返回到学校时，铃早响了。By the time…,在……时间前，经常用于过去完成时态。过去完成时态，表示动作发生在过去的过去。铃响发生在过去的动作回到学校之前，所以用过去完成时态。 A. rang一般过去时态；B. has rung现在完成时态；C. had rung过去完成时态。故选 C。
2．Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert.
A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. will play 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：西蒙举行第一次音乐会时，他已经弹了很多年钢琴了。根据时间状语when he gave his first concert.可知此处用过去的时态，表示先弹钢琴弹了很多年，然后开了音乐会，表示过去的过去，应该用过去完成时：had+动词的过去分词，故答案为C。
【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的意义（过去的过去）和构成：had+动词的过去分词。
3．—We all went to the cinema except you last night. Why didn't you come?
—Because I that movie twice.
A. have watched B. had watched C. was watching D. would watch 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】“看过电影”这一动作发生在“没去影院”之前，是过去的过去，用过去完成时，故选B。句意是：—昨天晚上除了你之外我们都去电影院了，你为什么没来？—因为这部电影我已经看过两次了。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法，表示过去的过去。
4．—We all went to the park except you last weekend. Why didn't you come?
—Because I the park twice.
A. have gone to B. had gone to C. had been to D. have been to 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】have gone to去了（尚未回）．have been to去过（已回），根据句意在last weekend之前去过，所以用过去完成时，故选C。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法，表示在过去某一时间前已经发生的动作。
5．My grandparents for fifty years by the time My sister was 15.
A. married B. had married C. had got married D. had been married 【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：到我妹妹十五岁的时候，我的祖父母已经结婚五十年了。根据for fifty years 五十年和be动词was，可知是表示一段时间的状语，谓语动词具有持续性，用过去完成时had been married“结婚”表状态。故选D。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时，注意通过时间状语及动词判断句子的时态。
6．By the time I locked the door, I realized I my keys at home.
A. had repaired B. had changed C. had forgotten D. had left 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意为“到我锁门的时候，我才意识到把钥匙忘在家里了”，表示“把某物遗忘在某处”要用leave。该动作发生在realized之前，用过去完成时，故选D。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法。
7．Seeing Danel went into the classroom with tears in his eyes, I asked him what . A. happened B. had happened C. would happen D. was happened 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：看着丹尼尔哭着跑进教室，我问他发生了什么。根据动词asked一般过去时可知，动词happen的动作发生在asked之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时had+过去分词。故选B。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时，注意掌握过去完成时的结构had+过去分词。
8．Tom by the time I got to the party.
A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. has left 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句中有“by+过去时间”作时间状语，提示谓语动同用过去完成时，即“我到达”和“他离开”，后者发生在前者之前，即“过去的过去”，因此，后者用过去完成时。故选C。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法。
9．By the time he ______________ at the cinema, the movie ______________ for five minutes. A. arrived; had begun B. had arrived; had begun C. arrived; had been on D. had arrived; had been on 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：当他到达电影院时，电影已经开演五分钟了。arrived到达，一般过去时；had begun开始，过去完成时，had been on进行，上映；begin开始，是短暂性动词，不能和段时间连用，根据 for five minutes.故排除AB，be on进行，上映，表状态，可和段时间连用，by the time到……时候，从句用一般过去时， 表示“截止到从句动作发生时,主句动作已经完成，即过去的过去”，主句用过去完成时，故选C。 【点评】考查动词时态。注意句子涉及到begin和be on的词义和用法。
10．—What's up？—I missed the train. By the time I got to the train station, the train for 10 minutes.
A. had left B. has left C. has been away D. had been away 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:一怎么啦?一我错过了火车。在我到达火车站前，火车已经离开了十分钟了。A.had left过去完成时态； B.has left 现在完成时态；C.has been away现在完成时；D.had been away过去完成时。by the time,在......之前，是过去完成时的标志词，表示过去的过去的时间。和一段时间连用，动作应该是延续性的,leave对应的延续性状态是be away，故选D。
11．My parents ______________ to work by the time I ______________ up. A. began; get B. began; had got C. had begun; had got D. had begun; got 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：我起床的时候，我的父母已经开始工作了。began开始，一般过去时；had begun开始，过去完成时；get up 起床，一般现在时；had got up起床，过去完成时。by the time到……时候，从句用一般过去时， 表示“截止到从句动作发生时,主句动作已经完成，即过去的过去”，主句用过去完成时，故选D。 【点评】考查动词的时态。注意by the time的词义和用法。
12．The boy was _____ on the ground and he had _____ bicycle behind the big tree. A. lying; laid B. lying; lay C. lay; lain D. lied; lied 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：这个男孩躺在地上，他把自行车放在了大树的后面。lie有两个意思，躺下，这时过去式是lay，过去分词是lain，现在分词是lying；另一个意思是撒谎，过去式和过去分词是lied；lay可以作为lie的过去式，也可以做动词原形，意思是下蛋，放置，过去式和过去分词是laid。根据句意可知，第一个空是躺下，用的是过去进行时，故这里填现在分词lying；第二个空是放置，用的是过去完成时，故填lay的过去分词laid。选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析，过去进行时态，过去完成时态。
13．The fireman________ the burning building three times before the fire was put out. A. is entering B. has entered C. was entering D. had entered 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：消防队员三次进入着火的大楼，才把火扑灭。A. is entering现在进行时；B. has entered现在完成时；C. was entering过去进行时；D. had entered过去完成时。根据 was put out，可知一般过去时，消防队员三次进入着火的大楼，动作已经完成，因此用过去完成时（表达过去的过去），had entered，故选D。 【点评】考查句子时态。注意过去完成时的用法。
14．He said that ________.
A. he has finished his work already B. he had finished his work already C. has he finished his work already D. had he finished his work already 【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：他说他已经完成他的工作了。说之前就已经做完工作了，said是过去式，所以完成工作是发生在过去之前，所以用过去完成时，结构是had+动词过去分词，排除A、C。said后面跟的是宾语从句，从句句子结构应该也是主语+谓语+宾语，所以排除D，故选B。
【点评】考查过去完成时，注意其定义的理解。
15．By the time I got there, the football match ________ already ________.
A. has; finished B. was; finished C. had; finished D. /; finished 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：到我到达那里的时候，足球赛已经结束了。by the time通常用完成时态，根据got可知是过去完成时，故选C。
【点评】考查过去完成时。
16．By the end of last month，I all the CDs of the famous singer．
A. collect B. collected C. have collected D. had collected
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】根据时间状语“by the end of last month”可知谓语动词发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时。故选D.
【点评】此题考查动词时态。
17．By the time I got to school, I realized that I ________ my backpack at home. A. have forgotten B. had forgotten C. have left D. had left 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：我到学校的时候，我意识到我把书包忘在家里。考查过去完成时。by the time：到…时候为止；通常引导一个时间状语从句，表示“到……的时候为止”主句则表示在此时间之前某个事件已完成。值得注意的是，当从句用过去时时，主句通常用过去完成时。Leave sth. Sp.：把…落在某地。结合句意和语境可知选D。 【点评】此题考查过去完成时的用法。
18．By the time they reached the bus stop, the bus__________ for ten minutes. A. had left B. have left C. had been away D. have been away 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:到他们到达公交车站的时候，公交车已经离开十分钟了。句中by the time 的意思是到...时候，后跟从句，从句使用的是一般过去时。根据句意可知，从句中表示的动作应该发生在他们到达车站之前，故应该用过去完成时。A是过去完成时，但是left是瞬间性动词，不能和一段时间状语连用；B是现在完成时；C是过去完成时，并且是系表结构，可以和一段时间连用；D是现在完成时。故选C。 【点评】考查动词时态。
19．By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy. A. raised B. would raise C. had raised D. has raised 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：在上个月末，珍已经为贫穷的生病的孩子筹集到了足够的钱。根据 By the end of last month，可知句子的时态为过去完成时，C是过去完成时结构，故答案是C。
【点评】考查过去完成时，注意过去完成的时的判定方法。
20．By the time of last year, she the piano for five years.
A. learnt B. has learnt C. had learnt D. will learn 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：到去年的时候，她已经学了五年钢琴了。由时间状语By the time
of last year可知这里是指在这个时间之前已经完成的动作，应该用过去完成时：had+动词的过去分词。故答案为C。
【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的构成和用法。
21．I met Jim last week. We___________ each other for about twenty years since we left Japan. A. didn't meet B. don't meet C. haven't met D. hadn't met 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：我上周见过吉姆。我们离开日本大约有二十年没见面了。A.没有见面，一般过去时；B.没有见面，一般现在时；C.已经没有见面，现在完成时；D.已经没有见面，过去完成时。for+时间段用完成时，排除A、B。met表明时态是过去时，所以用过去完成时，故选D。
【点评】考查过去完成时，注意平时识记其结构及标志词。
22．They to help but could not get there in time.
A. wanted B. had wanted C. want D. have wanted 【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：他们本来打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。动词want用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。故选B。 【点评】考查过去完成时。
23．Lucy_______ to go shopping, but it began to rain.
A. want B. wants C. had wanted D. has wanted 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：露西本来想出去购物，但是开始下雨了。动词want用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。故选C。 【点评】考查过去完成时。
24．I you could come.
A. hope B. had hoped C. have hoped D. are hoping 【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：我本来希望你能来。动词hope用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。故选B。 【点评】考查过去完成时。
25．The movement of boycotting（联合抵制） the South Korean goods in whole China _______ for a few months by the time Lotte Group（乐天集团）agreed to provide land for USA. A. had been on B. had begun C. has been on 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：到乐天集团为美国提供土地为止，政府在全中国联合抵制韩国货
物已经开始了一段时间。by +过去时间状语和过去完成时连用，可知句子时态要用过去完成时，begin为瞬间动词，不能与一段时间连用。故选A。 【点评】此题考查过去完成时。注意和过去时间状语连用。
26．I ________ to go to Beijing the next day.
A. plans B. planned C. had planned D. has planned 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：我本来计划着第二天去北京。动词plan用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。故选C。 【点评】考查过去完成时。
27．– What were you doing when I called you last night? – I ______ my homework and was going to bed.
A. did B. had done C. was doing 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】 had+动词过去分词构成过去完成时，表示的是过去的过去，答语中go to bed是过去将来时，do my homework发生在go to bed之前，即过去的过去，要用过去完成时had done my homework.句意：昨天我给你打电话的时候，你正在做什么？我完成作业正要去睡觉。故选B。 【点评】考查过去完成时的用法。
28．Tom realized that he ________ his physics book at home when he reached school． A. left B. had left C. was leaving D. leaves 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】本题考查过去完成时的用法，由had+过去分词。我们可以看到意识到和到都是过去的动作，而忘记带物理书则是在意识到之前，故为过去的过去，选B。
29．She said when she got to the cinema, the film ________ for 5 minutes.
A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. had been on 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：她说当她到达电影院的时候，电影已经开始五分钟了。根据got可知，电影开始五分钟属于在过去某时间前已经存在的状态，应该用过去完成时，所以排除A和C。开始begin，电影已经开始了五分钟是存在的状态，要用延续性的动词，所以要将瞬间动词begin改为be on，故选D。
【点评】此题考查动词的时态问题以及瞬间动词和延续性动词的区别。
30．By the first day of August, 2007, the PLA ________ for eighty years.
A. founded B. has founded C. has been found D. had been founded 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：到2007年八月的第一天，中国人民解放军已经建立了八十年了。结合语境可知本句描述的是过去某时之前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。主语是被建立的对象，故用被动语态，选D。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。语态的判断主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态，反之如果是动宾关系，则用被动语态，尤其要注意一些特殊动词的用法。
31．She ______ to go to school earlier, but she forgot to get up.
A. plans B. planned C. had planned D. has planned 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：她本来打算早点上学，但是她忘记起床了。动词plan用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。故选C。 【点评】考查过去完成时。
32．——How was the movie you saw yesterday?
——I have no idea. By the time I got to the movie theatre, the movie ______.
A. has already finished B. have finished yet C. had already finished 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】had+动词的过去分词构成过去完成时，表示的过去的过去的时间点，本句中电影结束发生在我到达电影院之前，而到达电影院用的过去时，电影结束发生在过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。句意：昨天你看的电影怎么样？没想法，我到电影院的时候，电影已经结束了。故选C。 【点评】考查过去完成时的用法。
33．－My parents our home for a few hours when I arrived. I didn't meet them. －You could call them if you wanted to know where they were.
A. have been away from B. had been away from C. had left D. had gone 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：---当我到家的时候，我的父母已离开家几个小时了。我没遇到他
们。---假如你想知道他们在哪里的话，你可以给他们打电话。当我到家的时候是过去时间状语，所以我的父母已离开家几个小时了。for a few hours表示一段时间，不能与非延续动词连用。所以要用过去完成时态。故选B. 【点评】考查完成时态的用法。
34．Peter ________ to have a cool model plane.
A. hoped B. had hoped C. has hoped D. hopes 【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：彼得本来希望有一架很酷的飞机模型。动词hope用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。故选B。 【点评】考查过去完成时。
35．When I got to the cinema, the film ___________ for 15 minutes.
A. has begun B. has been C. has been on D. had been on 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始十五分钟了。结合语境可知主句描述的是持续到过去某时并将继续下去的动作，故用过去完成时态。选D。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。
36．By yesterday, the plane ______out of view for more than a month.
A. is B. has been C. was D. had been 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：到昨天，飞机已经失去联系了一个多月。根据By yesterday可知该用过去完成时，所以选D。 【点评】考查动词时态。
37．—Are you surprised at the ending of the movie? —No, because I ___________ the story.
A. read B. will read C. have read D. was reading 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：—你对这部电影的结局感到惊讶吗？—不惊讶，因为我读过这个故事。根据语境判断，这本书已经读过，应该用现在完成时态来表示，故答案为C。 【点评】考查现在完成时态。主语为第一人称故动词应使用原形。
38．By the end of last month, we ______already ______ our lessons.
A. has, finished B. have, finished C. had, finished D. will, finish 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】题意：到上个月末为止，我们已经结束了课程。根据句意，应选C。
【点评】注意时间状语，很容易选出。
39．Mr. Smith ________ in a car factory for ten years before he came to China. A. had worked B. works C. is working D. will work 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：史密斯先生来中国前在一个汽车厂工作十年了。根据 before he came to China ， 可知他来汽车厂发生在来中国前，所以句子时态是过去完成时，had worked，故选A。
【点评】此题考查过去完成时。根据时间状语确定句子时态。
40．His father said that he_____ Zhang Jiajie for 10 days.
A. has been in B. has gone to C. had gone to D. had been in 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：他爸说去张家界10天了。A.去了某地，人还没回，现在完成时；B.has been in去了某地，人还在那里，现在完成时；C.去了某地，人还没回，过去完成时；D.去了某地，人还在那里，过去完成时。从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前，从句用过去完成时，故排除AB，说话的时候，他爸爸还在张家界，用had been in，符合题意，故选D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意识记have been in和过去完成时的用法。
二、初中英语现在完成进行时
41．— Isn't it hard to drive downtown to work? —Yes, that's why I ________ to work by train.
A. have been going B. have gone C. was going D. will have gone 【答案】A
【解析】【分析】考查时态：根据句意：-开车到市中心工作难道不难吗？-是，那就是我为什么一直坐火车上班的原因。说明坐火车上班一直持续到现在以后可能还在做。用现在完成进行时，选A。
【点评】考查现在完成进行时。
42．—Can Mr Read speak Chinese?
—Yes．He speaks Chinese very well because he China for many years．
A. has been in B. has been to C. has gone to D. has come to 【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意为：--里德先生会说中文吗？---是的。他汉语说得很好因为他已经在中国多年。has been in 指的是某人在某地停留多长时间；has been to是去过某地已经回来；has gone to是去某地了，还没回来；has come to是已经来到某地，根据句意可知选A 【点评】考查动词短语辨析
43．The couple _________their new flat since the end of last month. They haven't finished yet. A. have been decorating B. have decorated C. has been decorating D. was decorating 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意： 这对夫妇从上个月末起就一直在装饰他们的新公寓。他们还没有完成。 decorate装饰，动词；根据句意和 since the end of last month 可知，此处表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在， 所以应该用现在完成进行时，且此处主语是the couple，且根据后句中的they可知，此处指的是夫妻两个人，所以表示名词复数，所以谓语动词用原形，故选A。
【点评】考查现在完成进行时和主谓一致。注意表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，应该用现在完成进行时。
44．The most delicious cookies in the world ________ by granny. Please wait ten more minutes to enjoy them.
A. makes B. is made C. is being made D. is going to make 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】考查时态和语态。句意：奶奶正在做世界上最好吃的饼干，再有十几分钟就可以享用了。依据后面一句话的内容可知，奶奶是正在做饼干，故需要使用现在进行时的被动语态，故选C。
45．Why, you're late again! I ________ here for over two hours!
A. am waiting B. waited C. have been waiting D. was waiting 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】考查现在完成进行时。句意：为什么，你又迟到了！我在这里已经等了两个多小时了！根据句意可知，“等”这个动作是从过去开始，一直持续到现在一直在进行的动作，并对现在造成了影响。故选C项。
【点评】现在完成进行时表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去。构成：have+been+doing。
46．Even though he gives away a piece of his fortune each year, the stock of Berkshire Hathaway, the source of Warren Buffet's wealth, very rapidly.
A. has raised B. has been raising C. has risen D. has been rising 【答案】D
【解析】【分析】考查动词时态。句意：即使巴菲特每年都捐赠一部分财产，巴菲特所持有的伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司的股票一直增长迅速。raise是及物动词，要用raise的话，需要改成“财产被提高”；rise是不及物动词，表示某物上涨；财富在持续上涨，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在还要持续下去，用现在完成进行时。故选D。
【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上，进一步牢固掌握动词的各种时态的用法。
47．He _____ with English grammar every night over the last three months. A. struggles B. struggled C. has been struggling D. had been struggling 【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的三个月里他每天晚上都在努力学英语语法。根据over the last three months可知强调在过去时间段，一直从事某件事，优先选择现在完成进行时，即C项正确。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时的应用。
48．Doctor Smith, who in Shanghai for more than ten years, is considering working in Huaian, but he hasn't decided yet.
A. had worked B. has been working C. is working D. works 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：在上海工作了十年多的史米斯医生正在考虑去淮安工作，但他还没有决定。分析句子可知，本句中的who指代前面的先行词doctor Smith，是单数。而根据后面的内容可知，本句中的史密斯先生在上海已工作了十多年，现在还在上海，故要用现在完成进行时。故选B。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时的应用。
49．The western countries have been _________ Christmas for many years.
A. celebrating B. celebrate C. celebrates D. celebrated 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】have/has been+现在分词是现在完成进行时；句意：西方国家很多年来一直在庆祝圣诞节。故选A。
50．My friends from the mainland to me that they find the city's subway cars are \"too old\" compared with what they pay for subways in Beijing.
A. complained B. is complaining C. was complaining D. have been complaining 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：我来自大陆的朋友一直在向我抱怨，他们发现城市里的地铁和他们在北京支付的地铁相比太老了。由句子结构可知，含有宾语从句的复合句，从句谓语动词are，用的是一般现在时，主句强调动作的延续性和反复性，要用现在完成进行时，故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成进行时。注意根据主从句的时态关系确定正确的时态。
51．— What's wrong? You look really stressed out.
—I ________ the whole week preparing for my graduation paper.
A. work B. have worked C. have been working D. worked 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：—你怎么了？看起来真的压力很大。—我已经连轴转努力了一整个星期来写我的毕业论文。根据本题题意，“我”已经从一周前开始，持续工作直至现在（有表达时间段的提示短语the whole week），唯有现在完成进行时可表达这一含义，应选用have been doing的结构，故选C。 【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时。
52．You ____your depression for long, and now it's time to relax yourself. A. masked B. will have masked C. have been masked D. have been masking 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：你压抑了很久，现在是时候放松一下了。根据句意可知，此处应使用现在完成进行时，表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，强调这个动作可能会继续下去。故选D。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时的应用。
53．—So much remains to be done!
—Well, it's not surprising. So many people all the time recently.
A. come B. have come C. have been coming D. came 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：—还有许多事情要做!—好吧，这并不奇怪。最近来的人太多了。考查时态。根据all the time recently可知句子用现在完成进行时态，故答案为：C。 【点评】考查时态在具体语境中的运用。
54．A new monetary policy will take effect next month. Really good news, especially for those companies that _______ with money.
A. have struggled B. struggled C. have been struggling D. had struggled 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：---新的货币政策将于下月生效。---这真是个好消息，尤其是对那些一直在为钱发愁的公司来说。分析句子成分可知，companies为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，分析句意可知,定语从句的时态为现在完成进行时，表示从过去某一时间开始struggle的动作一直在进行, 并有可能持续下去, 强调动作的全过程。故选C。 【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时。
55．Our headteacher ____for months to make sure that we understand the importance of concentration.
A. tried B. was trying C. has been trying D. is trying 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意: 我们的班主任几个月来一直在努力确保我们理解集中注意力的重要性。现在完成进行时表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的一个动作，这个动作可能仍在进行。分析本句可知，try这个动作现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行，这个动作可能仍在进行。且由“for months”也表明本句应该用现在完成进行时。故选C。 【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时。
56．—I ________ in the same position too long My legs have fallen asleep. —Shake it a little before you get up.
A. will sit B. have sat C. am sitting D. have been sitting 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：——我坐得太久了，腿麻了。——站起来之前动一动。分析句意可知，本句为现在完成时，表示表示从过去某一时间开始一直在进行的动作，并有可能持续下去，其形式为：sb have /has been doing sth。故选D。 【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时。
57．They the plan for a week, but no decision has .
A. have been discussing; made B. have been discussing; been made C. have been discussed; been made D. are discussing; been made 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：他们已经讨论这个计划一个星期了，但还没有作出决定。第一空：一周了问题一直还在讨论，因此用现在完成进行时；第二空：decision和make是被动关系，因此谓语动词用被动语态，结合助动词has，可知用现在完成时的被动语态，故选B。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在完成进行时以及现在完成时的被动语态。
58．He is sure to pass the test, for he_____ his lessons for the test every day over the past
month.
A. will review B. was reviewing C. has been reviewing D. had been reviewing 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：他一定可以通过测试，因为在过去的一个月里他每天都在为测试而复习功课。根据时间状语over the past month“在过去的一个月里”；再结合句意，他复习的动作从过去持续到现在，故谓语动词用现在完成进行时，主语he是第三人称单数，故用has been reviewing。故选C。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时。
59．But actually, these Englishers ______ gradually in accents, spellings, expressions and the usage of vocabulary and we have to adapt to that.
A. had changed B. changed C. have been changing D. is changing 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：但事实上，这些说英语的人在口音，拼写和单词的使用上一直在改变，因此我们必须适应这件事。结合句意可知英语的变化从过去开始，持续到现在，并且会持续到将来，故用现在完成进行时，即have/has been doing，又主语these Englishers 是复数，故用have been changing，选C。 【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时。
60．According to the newly-elected French president, Macron, France will reform the rigid and outdated rules that ________ the development of the country in the near future. A. limited B. had limited C. have been limiting D. will limit 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：据新当选的法国总统Macron，在不久的将来法国将改革那些一直在限制国家发展的僵化和过时的规则。“…the rigid and outdated rules that the development of the country…”在本句中the rigid and outdated rules是先行词，在定语从句中作主语；“这些僵化的和过时的规则一直在限制国家的发展”，表示这个动作从过去一直到现在，这个动作一直在进行。所以用现在完成进行时。故选C。 【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时的应用。
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容