2017高中英语——七选五

高一英语周练三——七选五专题练习

命题及审题人：邹乐铭 2017.3.23

A

I know just how you feel

Do you feel sad? Happy? Angry? You may think that the way you show these emotions is unique. Well, think again. Even the expression of the most personal feelings can be classified, according to Mind Reading, a DVD exhibiting every possible human emotion. 1._______________

In the mid1800s, Darwin divided the emotions into six types—anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise and enjoyment. More complex expressions of emotion were probably learned and therefore more specific to each culture. But now it is believed that many more facial expressions are shared worldwide. 2.___________The Mind Reading DVD is a systematic visual record of these expressions.

The project was designed by a Cambridge professor. His research team first had to define an “emotion”.3._____________Using this definition, 412 emotion terms were identified and discussed, from “afraid” to “wanting”.

Then each expression is acted out by six different actors. “It was really clear when the actors had got it right,” says Cathy Collis, who directed the DVD. “Although they were given some direction, the actors were not told which facial muscles they should move. 4.____________ ”

Someone who has tried to set such rules is the American, Professor Paul Ekman, who built database of how the face moves for every emotion. The face can make 43 distinct muscle movements. Ekman has also found that it may not be possible for people to reproduce them artificially. The most difficult expression to reproduce is the smile. It isn‟t only about stretching the lips, but tightening the tiny muscles around the eye. 5.____________If we learnt to recognize whether someone was using their eye muscle when they smiled, we would be able to distinguish true enjoyment from false. A.It shows 412 distinct ways we feel.

B.These can be combined into more than 10,000 facial shapes.

C.These particular muscles are difficult to control, and few people can do it.

D.They decided that it was a mental state that could be introduced by “I feel” or “he looks ” or “she sounds”. E. He said the expression of these feelings was universal and recognizable by anyone, from any culture.

F. It is as if they are programmed into the brains of “normal humans” wherever they are and whatever their races.

G. We thought of trying to describe each emotion, but it would have been almost impossible to make clear rules for this.

B

How can I fight laziness?

Lazy people will never amount to anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.

1.___________ . Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few

more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.

Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more proactive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. 2.___________

Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations(诱惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness. Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child to promote responsibility. 3.______________

4.___________ Spouses(配偶) and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. To fight household laziness, lead by example. Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people. 5.__________ enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.

A．Knowing how to fight laziness is important.

B．Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life.

C．Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.

D．Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home.E. Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.

F. With strong determination, you will be able to achieve your goal. G. One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.

C

I had an experience once which taught me something about the ways people made a bad situation worse by blaming themselves. One January, I officiated(主持) at two funerals for two elderly women.1.__________. At the first home, the son of the deceased(已故) woman said, “If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today. It‟s my fault that she died.” At the second home, the son said, “If only I had not insisted her going to Florida, she would be alive today. 2.__________. It is my fault.”

When things don‟t turn out as we would like them to, we tend to assume that had we done things differently, the story would have had a happier ending. Any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out bad, they believe that the opposite course, for example, keeping mother at home, would have turned out better.3.__________

There seem to be elements involved in our readiness to feel guilty. The first lies in our belief that the world makes sense---there is a reason for everything that happens.

The second is the thought that we are the cause of what happens, especially the bad things that happen.4._____________. A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and calls the rest of the world to its tasks.5.__________ . When he is hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we do not completely abandon that childish thought that our wishes cause things to happen.

A．That long airplane ride was more than she could take B．After all, how could it have turned out any worse? C．Life and dead is an unsolved mystery.

D．The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood

第 1 页 共 1 页

E.He cries, and someone comes to attend to him F.Both died a natural death

G. They believe that they are responsible for what has happened.

D

Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all. It is said that our body movements communicate about 50% of what we really mean while words themselves only express 7%. So, while your mouth is closed, just what is your body saying….

Arms 1.___________If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. 2._________If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show you're unhappy.

Head. When you want to appear confident, keep your head level. If you are monitor in class, you can take on this position when you want your words to be taken seriously .3.___________

Legs. Your legs tend to move around a lot more than normal when you are nervous or telling lies. If you are at interviews, try to keep them still.

Posture. A good posture makes you feel better about yourself.4.___________This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable.

Mouth. When you are thinking, you often purse your lips. You might also use this position to hold back all angry comment you don't wish to show. 5.______________

A. If you are feeling down, you normally don't sit straight, with your shoulders inwards. B. If you are pleased, your usually open your eyes wide and people can notice this.

C. Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep them close to their bodies.

D. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet. E. However, it will probably still be noticed, and people will know you're not pleased.

F. However, to be friendly in listening or speaking, you must move your head a little to one side. G. Don't say too much when you're happy.

ease with people he meets. The more confident the teen becomes when out and about with his clog, the more his self-esteem will improve.

5._____________if a teenager is suffering from depression or developing dangerous habits such as alcohol and drug abuse, more extreme action may be required. In these cases, professional help should be sought and all treatment plans considered. Parents who suspect that their teen's low self esteem is a sign of a far more serious problem should ask a suitably qualified health professional for advice.

A: In some cases, having a dog will not help with a teenager's low self-esteem. B: It simply accepts its owner for who he is and doesn't judge, question or criticize. C: Pets offer an unconditional love that can be very helpful to people with depression.

D: You don't have to worry about hurting your pet's feelings or getting advice you don't want. E: In particular, someone with low self-esteem may find a pet dog to be extremely beneficial. F: teen may meet his peers while walking his dog in the park or taking part in a dog training class.

G: Many forms of exercise besides walking can be enjoyed with a dog, such as cycling, jogging and throwing a ball.

E

Does a Dog Help a Teen with Low Self-esteem?

A dog is known as man's best friend for good reason. Loyal and affectionate, a dog companion can enrich its owner's life in many ways, 1.______________Many teenagers suffer from periods of low self-esteem(自尊) as they try to navigate the wavy waters of adolescence and deal with all of its associated highs and lows.

A teenager who lacks self-esteem may feel isolated from his peers and unable to tell his parents about personal issues. The company of a dog can be a huge comfort and ease feelings of loneliness and awkwardness. A dog offers genuine unconditional love.2.________________

All dogs need exercise, so taking his clog for a walk is the perfect opportunity for a teenager to get outdoors and benefit from fresh air and physical activity. Exercise allows people to take control of their bodies, which is often the first step toward regaining control of other aspects of their life, says mental health specialist Dr. Alan Cohen. 3.____________Exercise releases chemicals called endorphins(内排肽) into the brain, which create positive responses in the body, including improved self esteem.

Dogs can help teenagers be more sociable and make new friends, suggests HELPGUIDE. 4.___________A dog is a great ice-breaker, avoiding awkward social situations and putting the teenager at

F

Why Do We Forget Things?

When it comes to having perfect memories, it is apparent that we humans must have had some faults in our blueprints! Why don‟t we remember everything that we want to remember? It makes us feel upset and get discouraged.1._____________However, it‟s true that we are all forgetful.

2.___________These are stored in what we call our “ long-term memory”. What about before age three? Sigmund Freud, a doctor of Vienna, discovered the fact that we forget most of our early childhood.3.___________They have different opinions. A very good theory, born from the results of experimentation with babies, is that absence of language ability at the time of an event stopped us from describing it to others.

4._______________Experts say that you can keep about seven things in your memory at once for up to three days. During that time, you may forget something in order to put something else in its place, or you put it into long-term memory. What goes into short-term memory are things you‟ve learned about recently, in the past day or two.5.______________For example, you may have met you favorite star last week, and this week you can tell all the details to a friend. A simple example to explain your short-term memory is to look at a list of twenty words for a minute or two. You will discover that you cannot remember more than about seven of them and that they are the ones in the beginning and at the end of the list because your mind has judged them to be more important than those in the middle.

A. Scientist now know that it may take longer to remember things for the old. B. However, it is widely recognized that short-term memory can be improved. C. Sometimes, it even caused us to lose self-respect or others to think less of us.

D. Psychologists have been studying what causes this forgetfulness since Freud‟s time. E. Most of us have vivid memories of our lives from about age third to our present ages.

F. Only if something really unusual happens does it stay in your short-term memory for longer.

G. The other type of memory, the “short-term memory”, is what we are usually referring to when we say, “I forgot.”

第 2 页 共 2 页

南昌市外国语学校2016——2017学年上学期

高一英语周练三——七选五专题参及解析

A：本文主要介绍了面部表情的分类，一般说来人们可以从面部表情判断你内心的真实情况。以前达尔文曾将人类的面部表情分成六类，现在有人将表情划分地更加细致，以真人加以演示并制作成了DVD.

【小题1】A 根据第三段Using this definition, 412 emotion terms were identified and discussed, from “afraid” to “wanting”. 可知在这份DVD里，412种表情被给予定义和演示。故此处填A.

【小题2】F 分析语境But now it is believed that many more facial expressions are shared worldwide.可知人们相信世界上还有很多其他的表情(除了前文中达尔文进行分类的那六种表情)。浏览选项发现F选项“无论何地无论什么种族，表情似乎是正常人脑子里都被设置的程序”符合语境，worldwide和wherever they are and whatever their races相对应。故选F. 【小题3】D 分析语境“这个项目由剑桥大学的一个教授设计，他的研究团队首先对情绪进行了定义”，结合选项可知D选项“他们认为情绪是一种精神状态，由‟我感觉‟，‟他看起来‟，‟她听起来‟等句子表达的”符合语境。故选D.

【小题4】G 分析语境“Although they were given some direction, the actors were not told which facial muscles they should move”可知尽管那些演员被给予了一些指示，但却被有被告知应该运动脸上的哪块肌肉。说明对于具体的某个表情，人们只能表现出来，而不知道究竟是脸上的哪块肌肉在运动。所以对此总结出规律或制定规则几乎是不可能的。故选G.

【小题5】C 分析语境“The most difficult expression to reproduce is the smile. It isn‟t only about stretching the lips, but tightening the tiny muscles around the eye”可知最难的表情是微笑，因为它不仅需要伸展唇部的肌肉，还会绷紧眼部周围的细小肌肉。浏览选项可知C选项“那些特定的肌肉（眼部周围的细小的肌肉）很难控制，极少人能够控制”符合语境。因为只有极少的人才能控制眼部周围的特定肌肉，所以假笑是很容易被判断出来的。故选C.

B：懒惰的人不可能做成什么事情，但是思维的一些变化可以让你消灭懒惰。

【小题1】G考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文：Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work.可知：对抗懒惰的一个方法是有足够的睡眠，答案是G

【小题2】B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上文：Others take a more proactive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone.可知：有了强大的决心，你可以达到目标，答案是B

【小题3】C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文：complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy,such as a good dinner or a film.可知：为自己创造回报系统，就像父母为孩子做的，答案是C 【小题4】D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文：Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example可知：为了消除家庭的懒惰，可以树立一个榜样。答案是D.

【小题5】E考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文：enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle,可知：最后定期锻炼可以让你消灭懒惰，答案是E.

C:【小题1】根据One January, I officiated(主持) at two funerals for two elderly women.可知这里想说两个人都是自然死亡， 故选F。

【小题2】根据At the second home, the son said, “If only I had not insisted her going to Florida, she would be alive today. . It is my fault.”可知这里想说那么长的时间乘飞机超过了她的承受力，故选A。 【小题3】根据When things don‟t turn out as we would like them to, we tend to assume that had we done things differently, the story would have had a happier ending. Any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out bad, they believe that the opposite course, for example, keeping mother at home, would have turned out better.可知这里意思是毕竟，它怎么可能变得更糟糕？故选B。

【小题4】根据A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and calls the rest of the world to its tasks.可知这里想说这种感觉的根源可能在于我们的童年时代，故选D。

【小题5】根据When he is hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we do not completely abandon that childish thought that our wishes cause things to happen. 可知这里想说他哭了，某人就会来照料他，故选E。 考点：考查日常生活类阅读

D：1.由段首的arms知道此段描写的胳膊的身体语言，由后文“If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. … If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show you're unhappy”得出此段描述的是胳膊的动作表明了你对遇到的人的态度的开放程度和接纳程度。

2.由前文“If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way”和后文“If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show you're unhappy”知道此处是一个过渡句，承接了上文的外向性格的人用胳膊做大动作，引出下文的性格安静的人通常会把胳膊紧靠身体。

3.由段首的head知道此段描述的是头部动作，由前文“keep your head level”知道推测出后文描述的是和前文不同的头部动作。

4.由后文的“This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable”推测出此处的姿势应该是不舒服的姿势。

5.由前文的“purse your lips”和“hold back all angry comment”知道此处描述的是人们通过噘嘴的动作来知道对方生气了。

E：1. 前文指出一只狗的陪伴能够以多种方式丰富主人的生活，由题目及后文可知本文主旨为介绍狗的陪伴对主人自尊心的影响，self-esteem 为关键词，E项“特别地，自卑的人可能会发现宠物狗的陪伴是非常有益的”承接上下文，符合语境。故正确答案为E。 2. 前文 genuine unconditional love 指出宠物狗的爱是真挚、无条件的，B项 simply 及 doesn't judge 体现了真挚、无条件的特征。故正确答案为B。

3. 本段说明了宠物狗能够带动人们运动及其益处，exercise、a walk、benefit 为关键词，G项 \"Many

第 3 页 共 3 页

forms of exercise besides walking can be enjoyed with a dog…\" 与此表意一致。故正确答案为G。

4. 本段说明宠物狗能够帮助青少年参与社交并交到更多朋友，more sociable and make new friends、meets 为关键词。F项“一个十几岁的孩子可能会在公园遛狗或带狗狗参加训练营时遇见他的同龄人”与本段内容相符。故正确答案为F。

5. 由后文内容可知，如果一位青少年患有抑郁症或养成了嗜酒吸烟等坏习惯，家长应该采取其他的措施。可见在这种情况下单单养宠物狗并不会有很大帮助，A项与此表意一致，且 In some cases 照应文中 In these cases。故正确答案为A。 F：1.C【解析】考生对语篇信息的理解和把握能力为本题主要考查点。根据前面的“It makes us feel upset and get discouraged”可知，遗忘使我们感到心烦和泄气，再根据C项中的关键词“even”可知，此处是对前面表达的内容作更进一步的表述，在意义上递进，故C项正确。 2.E【解析】考生对语篇信息的理解和把握能力为本题主要考查点。根据后面的“These are stored in what we call our „long-term memory‟.”及“What about before age three?”，可知，本句要表达的是与后面的对比；根据选项关键词“age three”可知选E。

3.D【解析】考生对语篇信息的理解和把握能力为本题主要考查点。从后面的“They have different opinions”可知，代词“They”不是指代前面出现过的Sigmund Freud，而应该指其他的科学家。A项的主语也符合代词所指，但从逻辑句意上不符合，D项在语义上更匹配。故选D。 4.G【解析】考生对语篇信息的理解和把握能力为本题主要考查点。根据后面的“Experts say that you can keep about seven things in your memory at once for up to three days. During that time，you may forget something in order to put something else in its place，or you put it into long-term memory.”，可知大脑一次最多记忆七件事且保持三天；对比后面提及的长时记忆，可以判断出本段主要讲短时记忆，所以G项正确。

5.F【解析】考生对语篇信息的理解和把握能力为本题主要考查点。根据前面提到的“What goes into short-term memory are things you‟ve learned about recently，in the past day or two.”及后面的“For example，you may have met your favorite star last week, and this week you can tell all the details to a friend.”可知，作者所列举的内容与F项表达的内容在意思上匹配。故选F。

第 4 页 共 4 页