五年级英语阅读理解解题方法

在小学英语考试中，阅读理解是考试中分值比重较大也是必考的一道题目。阅读理解是英语中词汇、句式、语法的综合运用，是一个比较综合的题目，对所掌握的英语技能的程度要求比较高。所以在同学们平时的学习中，既要重视对英语基础知识的掌握，又要养成阅读的好习惯，加强练习。下面是英语阅读理解的解题方法及例题讲解，大家可以看下。 1、当你拿到一篇短文时，先要通读全文。切记不要一上来就一句一句地看，一句一句一理解，这样做会影响你对整篇文章的理解和认识。在通读文章的时候如果遇上生词，先不要管它，略过生词继续通读全文。

2、读完第一遍，再从头阅读。这一遍要注意句式和语法，了解文章内容，特别是事件发生的时间，同时来猜测一下生词的含义。

3、在你读第三遍的时候，要关注文章中提到的人物、时间、地点、发生了什么事等信息。这样你就可以完全了解文章

一般说来，在练习、考试中完成阅读理解的题目和去阅读一篇文章是有区别的。在练习、考试中阅读一篇文章更多的是为了完成各种题目，而并非要真正对一篇文章有全面的了解，所以方法上会有一些不同。

1、首先要关注文章的题目，因为题目往往就是文章的中心所在。

2、其次在认读整篇文章后，要关注文章中出现了哪些人物，提到了什么时间，说到了哪个地点，发生了什么事情，这些都是你完成题目的关键信息。

3、第三要看清题目的形式，通常会有3种类型：(1)选择题;(2)判断题;(3)回答问题。在这三种形式中，相对而言，判断题的难度最小，回答问题的难度比较大。完成判断题的选择题最为有效的方法，也是同学们使用最多的方法是用题目中的句子去和文章里的原句对照，通过对照进行判断或选择。在完成回答问题的题目时，先要读懂问句的意思，再从文章中找出相应的内容，在对问题进行笔答时，要注意句式、人称与动词的形式、时态等。 (一) 根据短文内容判断正(T)误(F)

此类题目要求快速浏览所给图片和文字，初步把握内容，了解大意;然后细读，抓住主要内容和细节，标出关键词语，以便验证;也可以先浏览题目，明确要求后再看文章，然后做出判断。这样不但节省时间，提高速度，而且可以抓住重点，做到有的放矢。 1. 阅读短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案， My Class

I study at Yu Hong Primary School in Guangzhou. I have forty—seven classmates (同学). Twenty—three are boys and twenty—four are girls. Our classroom is a nice one. It’s very big. There are four windows and two doors in it. We have a big blackboard and a small one. The big one is for our teachers and the small one is for us. Mr. Li is our Chinese teacher. He is an old man. We don’t like him at all. But Miss Chen, our English teacher, is a young woman. She is very nice. We all like her very much. So we like English the best. We often play basketball with Miss Li. (1). ( ) I am a______ . A. student B. pupil C. teacher (2). ( ) There are______ .

A. Forty—eight B. forty—seven C. forty—six (3). ( ) Our classroom is_______ .

A. small B. old C. nice

(4). ( ) There is only one_____ in our classroom. A. blackboard B. small blackboard C. big window (5). ( ) Our favorite subject is ________. A. Chinese B. English C. basketball

2、阅读文章，并判断所给的句子是否与短文的内容相符，如相符，在括号内写“T”，如不符，在括号内写“F”。

There are three children under the tree. They are all my good friends. The boy in black is Tom. The girl in pink and the girl in red is Emma.

Tom is in the same class with me. We often play football together. Tom’s mother is a nurse and his father is a teacher. Tom wants to be a doctor in the future.

Jane’s mother and my mother work at the same factory. They are also good friends. Jane’s father is a teacher. He teaches math very well. He is very kind and we all like him.

Emma’s family just moved into the town from countryside. Her farther used to be a farmer. He is now working in a small company. Emma’s mother is a housewife. ( ) (1) There are one boy and two girls under the tree. ( ) (2) There are only two people in Tom’s family. ( ) (3) Tom’s mother is a doctor. ( ) (4) My mother is a worker. ( ) (5) Jane’s father teaches math. ( ) (6) Emma used to live in the town. ( ) (7) Emma’s father was a farmer. (二)根据短文内容选择正确答案。

注重理解整篇短文的内容，在阅读时不要抓住一个单词，一个词组的意思不放，从而影响对整篇文章的理解。其实有些生词是不影响阅读的，而有些生词是可以根据上下文的意思推敲出来的。因此，不必把它拿出来单独思考。然后再在理解的基础上进行分析，通过逻辑思维，做出选择，完成题目。

1. I am Mike. I am a American boy. Now I’m in China. I live in Shanghai. It’s a very beautiful city. I study in a school here. I usually go to school by bus. I like playing football very much. I play it with my friends on the weekends. My mother is a TV reporter. She goes to work by subway. She likes singing very much. She often listens to music on TV. My father is a teacher. He teaches P.E. in a school. He goes to work on foot. He likes art. He often draws pictures on Saturday. ( ) (1) Mike lives in __________ now. A. Shanghai B: Beijing C: America ( ) (2) Mike is a __________ now. A. teacher B. a reporter C. student

( ) (3) Mike’s hobby is _________________ A. playing football B. listening to music C. painting ( ) (4) His father goes to work __________ A. by subway B. on foot C. by bus

2、选择填空。

Mike likes to collect stamps. He started this hobby of collecting stamp the year before last. He has stamps from China, France and Japan. But most of his stamps are from China, because he has lots of friends in China.

Mike’s stamps are of various shapes –triangle, square, rectangle and circle. His favorite shape is circle. Mike puts all his shapes in several albums. To increase his collection, Mike sometimes exchanges stamps with his friends.

John is one of his friends, who also like to collect stamps. His stamps are pretty and colorful. John and Mike meet once a week. Each time they meet they will show each other their new collection. (1) Mike’s hobby is to A. collect stamps B. make friends C. travelling D. keep albums (2) Most of Mike’s stamps are from

A. Japan B. France C. China D. Not mentioned (3) Mike has stamps of different shapes. A. five B. four C. three D. two

(4) John is Mike’s A. father B. neighbor C. classmate D. friend (5) How often do John and Mike meet?

A. four times a week B. three times a week C. twice a week D. once a week (三)根据短文内容回答问题。

此类题目是阅读理解中相对而言较复杂的题型，它要求我们在理解的基础上进行分析，并做出合乎情理的解答，且要注意用词和句子结构，要避免语法错误。

1. This is RDZ, the working robot. RDZ lives with the Spacy family in Spaceville(太空村). He helps the family with the housework every day. He cleans the house, washes the clothes and dishes. He knows how to cook well. RDZ doesn’t eat normal(普通的) food. He eats tins and watches and he drinks oil. Do Mr. and Mrs. Spacy eat these things? Never.

RDZ often helps Mr and Mrs Spacy’s children with their homework. This year he is teaching them Space language. The children are very clever.

The Spacy family are holiday on Mars(火星). They will come back home in two days. So RDZ has a wonderful time. He won’t clean. He can sit in front of the TV and eat a lot of food. (1) Where does RDZ live with the Spacy family? ________________________________ (2) What does RDZ eat and drink every day? ____________________________________

(3) Is RDZ teaching Mr. and Mrs. Spacy’s children English? _________________________

(4) Does RDZ have a wonderful time?

__________________________________________ (5) When will Mr. and Mrs. Spacy be back? _______________________________________

2. My name is Wang Lin. There are four people in my family. They are my father, my mother, my little brother and I. my father is a teacher. He likes drawing pictures. He works in a school. He goes to work by bus. My mother is a nurse. She likes listening to music. She works in a hospital. She goes to work by bus. My brother is a student. Hw likes watching TV. He goes to work on foot. I like playing football. I go to school by bike. (1) Who works in a school?

_________________________________________________ (2) What does Wang Lin’s mother do?

________________________________________ (3) What does Wang Lin like doing?

_________________________________________ (4) Is Wang Lin’s brother a student?

___________________________________________ (5) Does Wang Lin’s father go to work by bus? _________________________________ (五)完形填空。

在处理完形填空时，一定要先将文章的大概意思弄懂，然后再考虑用单词的什么形式来填空。

1. One day, Mr. Ampere went out (1) a walk in the street. There (2) a lot of people there. But all this was (3) to him. He was thinking (4) a maths problem. He had no paper with him. How could he (5) it out?

Just then hw saw a blackboard in front of him. He began to write the (6) with a piece of chalk on it. Then the blackboard moved (7) . he moved with it. But it moved so (8) that he could not catch up with it. He looked (9) and saw the “blackboard” (10) him. Why? It was the back of a carriage(马车)!

( ) (1) A. to B. by C. for D. with ( ) (2) A. were B. are C. is D. was

( ) (3) A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything ( ) (4) A. on B. off C. about D. hard ( ) (5) A. work B. start C, take D. bring ( ) (6) A. word B. start C, take D. bring ( ) (7) A. few B. little C. a few D. a little ( ) (8) A. early B. fast C. slowly D. quietly ( ) (9) A. down B. up C. in D. out

( ) (10) A. behind B. beside C. above D. before

2. Bob thought that he was very clever. He thought that no one could fool(欺骗)him because he (1) too clever. One day he (2) to Dick, the man on watching at the gate:“You (3) fool me. Dick. You (4) too foolish!”

“ (5) here by this gate.” Answered Dick, “I (6) a way to fool you.” then he went home. Two hours later another young man (7) along. “Why are you standing here?” he (8) bob.

“ I (9) for Dick, ” answered Bob, “ he is going to try fool me.”

“Dick (10) home. ” said the young man, “ He has already fooled you!” ( ) (1) A. is B. was C. will be D. is going to ( ) (2) A. said B. says C. was saying D. is saying ( ) (3) A. don’t B. didn’t C. can never D. never ( ) (4) A. were B. are C. will be D. was

( ) (5) A. Wait B. Waits C. Waited D. Wait for ( ) (6) A. will find B. found C. find D. founded ( ) (7) A. comes B. came C. had come D. coming

( ) (8) A. asked B. asks C. is asking D. told

( ) (9) A. was waiting B. waited C. am waiting D. were waiting ( ) (10) A. goes B. has gone C. had gone D. went

二、阅读理解

2．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正确还是错误。

An Old Man

One day an old man is taking a train to his hometown. One of his shoes falls onto the ground, but the train starts. He cannot pick it up. Then he takes off the other and throws it near the fallen shoe.

A boy beside his asks him, “Why do you do that?”

He says, “If a man picks them up, he may as well get a pair of shoes.” （1）An old woman is taking a train to his hometown.

（2）One of the man's shoes falls onto the ground.

（3）The old man picks his shoes up.

（4）The old man takes off the other and throws it near the fallen shoe.

（5）The old man is very kind.

【答案】 （1）1 （2）1 （3）0 （4）1 （5）1

【解析】【分析】短文大意：一天，一个老人坐火车回他的家乡。火车开始开动的时候他的一只鞋掉到了地上。他不能把它捡起来。然后他脱下另一只鞋并把它扔到掉下的那只鞋附近。他旁边的一个男孩问：“你为什么那么做？”他说：“如果一个人捡到了它们正好可以得到一双鞋。”

（1）一个老人坐火车回他的家乡。正确。 （2）他的一只鞋掉到了地上。正确。 （3）这个老人捡回了他的鞋，错误。

（4）他脱下另一只鞋并把它扔到掉下的那只鞋附近。正确。 （5）这个老人是很善良的，正确。

【点评】本题考查的是学生综合运用英语的能力，需要学生有一定的语言积累。

3．阅读理解阅读短文，选择合适的答案。

I'm a student in Class Four, Grade Three. My name is Mary. I'm nine. My twin brother's name is Li Mao. And we are in the same school, and in the same grade, but he is in Class Three. We are good students. I have a good friend. I call her Miss Ying Ying. Do you think Ying Ying is a good girl? No, you're wrong. She isn't a girl, but a cat. She is two years old, but she looks the same as her mother.

（1） My twin （ ） name is（ ）.

A. brother's; Li Wei B. sister's; Li Mao C. brother's; Li Mao （2）We are in the same（ ）and in the same （ ）.

A. school; grade B. school; class C. grade; class （3）My good friend Miss Ying Ying is a （ ）.

A. girl B. cat C. dog （4）I am （ ）years old.

A. ten B. nine C. nineteen （5）Miss Ying Ying is （ ）her mother.

A. not the same as B. not like C. the same as 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）B （4）B （5）C

【解析】【分析】短文大意：我是三年四班的一名学生。我的名字是玛丽。我九岁了。我的双胞胎弟弟叫李茂。我们在同一所学校，同一个年级，但是他在三班。我们都是好学生。我有一个好朋友。我叫她莹莹小姐。你认为莹莹小姐是一个女孩吗？不，你错了。她不是一个女孩，是一只猫。她两岁了，她和她的妈妈长得很像。

（1）我的双胞胎弟弟叫李茂。 （2）我们在同一所学校，同一个年级。 （3）我的好朋友莹莹小姐是一只猫。 （4）我九岁了。

（5）她和她的妈妈长得很像。

【点评】本题考查的是学生综合运用英语的能力，要多读多练。需要学生有一定的语言积累。

4．阅读理解根据短文，回答下列问题

This morning, there is a strong wind and heavy rain in Shanghai. In the park, many trees are blown down. In the afternoon, we go to the park to do some cleaning. Our teacher gives us some advice to clear away the fallen trees, branches and leaves. Then we begin our work. After an hour, we are working hard when it begins to rain again. It rains heavily. We don't take any umbrellas or raincoats. The rain lasts two hours. And we have to stop our work. （1）How does the wind blow? （2）What do we do in the park? （3）How long does the rain last? （4）Do we stop the work when it is raining? （5）Do we take any raincoats? 【答案】（1）It blows strongly. （2）Do some cleaning. （3）The rain lasts two hours. （4）Yes, we do. （5）No, we don't.

【解析】【分析】大意：短文介绍了早上上海有大风和大雨把公园里许多树吹倒了，下午，我们去公园打扫卫生，一个小时后，又开始下雨了，我们不得不停止工作。 （1）句意：风吹的怎么样？根据This morning, there is a strong wind and heavy rain in Shanghai.可知风吹得很大，主语用it，谓语用动词单三形式blows吹，副词修饰动词strongly猛烈地，故答案为It blows strongly.

（2）句意：我们在公园里做什么？根据In the afternoon, we go to the park to do some cleaning.可知下午我们去公园打扫卫生，do some cleaning打扫卫生，故答案为Do some cleaning.

（3）句意：雨持续了多长时间？根据The rain lasts two hours. 可知雨持续了两个小时，故答案为The rain lasts two hours.

（4）句意：下雨的时候我们停止工作吗？根据And we have to stop our work.我们必须停止工作。可知是肯定回答，故答案为Yes, we do.

（5）句意：我们带雨衣吗？根据We don't take any umbrellas or raincoats. 我们不带雨伞或雨衣。可知是否定回答，故答案为No, we don't.

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句写出恰当的答语。

5．阅读理解阅读短文，回答下列问题

Jack is a shop assistant. He works in a clothes shop near the underground station. He sells coats, trousers and T-shirts to men. He gets up at 7:45. He goes the shop by bus. On the way to the shop, he meets a friend, Linda. She is a teacher. She goes to work by train. Jack starts work at 9:00 a. m.

At 11:00 a. m. , he stops work for a break (休息). During the break he drink some coffee and has some cakes. He has lunch at half past twelve. At 5:00 p. m. , he stops work and goes back home. （1）How does Jack go to work? （2）What does he sell in the shop? （3）What does his friend, Linda, do? （4）When does Jack start work?

（5）Does he drink some tea during the break? 【答案】（1）He goes to work by bus. （2）He sells coats, trousers and T-shirts. （3）She is a teacher.

（4）He starts work at 9:00 a. m. （5）No, he doesn't.

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍衣服店的售货员杰克的工作情况。

（1）根据He goes the shop by bus.知他乘公共汽车去商店，故答案为He goes the shop by bus.

（2）根据 He sells coats, trousers and T-shirts to men.知他出售男性外套，裤子和T恤衫，故答案为He sells coats, trousers and T-shirts.

（3）根据She is a teacher.知琳达是一个老师，故答案为She is a teacher.

（4）根据Jack starts work at 9:00 a. m.知杰克在早上九点开始工作，故答案为He starts work at 9:00 a. m.

（5）根据During the break he drink some coffee and has some cakes.知在他休息期间他和一些咖啡吃点蛋糕，故答案为No, he doesn't.

【点评】考查阅读理解，浏览文章大意，理解问题意思，根据问题在原文找到原句，根据原文回答问题。

6．阅读理解下图是Ann全班同学上学方式的调查图，看图判断句子正误

（1）Fifteen students come to school on foot. （2）Five students come to school by bus. （3）Ten students come to school by bike. （4）No one comes to school by car in Arm’s class.

（5）There are forty students in Ann’s class. 【答案】（1）1 （2）0 （3）1 （4）1 （5）1

【解析】【分析】这是一张Ann的全班同学上学方式的调查图.

（1）这是细节理解, 根据图表15个同学步行来学校. 题目叙述正确. 故答案为: 正确. （2）这是细节理解, 根据图表10个同学乘公交来学校. 题目叙述不正确. 故答案为: 错误. （3）这是细节理解, 根据图表10个同学骑自行车来学校. 题目叙述正确. 故答案为: 正确. （4）这是细节理解, 根据图表没有人乘轿车来学校. 题目叙述正确. 故答案为: 正确. （5）这是计算题, 根据图表15+10+5+10=40，是40名学生. 题目叙述正确. 故答案为: 正确. 【点评】这是考查阅读能力的题目. 首先要读懂表格, 这是关键.