高中英语真题：专题2.4WildlifeProtection_4

专题2.4WildlifeProtection

【导学案】 一、单词识记

1．____________ n．保护→____________ v．保护

2．____________ n．损失；遗失；丧失→____________ v．丢失

3．____________ adj.远的；远处的→____________ n．距离 4．____________ n．(痛苦或忧郁的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事情→__________ v．减轻；解除

5．____________ n．笑；笑声→____________ v．笑

6．____________ adj.确定的；某一；一定→____________ adv.当然；确定

7．____________ n．重要(性)→____________ adj.重要的 8．____________ adj.强大的；有力的→____________ n．权力；力量

9．____________ vt.影响；感动；侵袭→____________ adj.受到影响的；感动的；受侵袭的

10．____________ n．注意；关注；注意力→____________ adj.注意的；留心的

11．____________ vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到→____________ n．感激；欣赏

12．____________ vi.成功 & vt.接替；继任→____________ n．成功→____________ adj.成功的

13．____________ adj.安全的；可靠的→____________ n．安全

14．____________ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→____________ n．雇用

15．____________ n.& vt.损害；危害→____________ adj.有害的→____________ adj.无害的

16．____________ vt.检查；视察→____________ n．检查 17．____________ adj.凶猛的；猛烈的→____________ adv.凶猛地 答案：

5．laughter；laugh 6．certain；certainly

7．importance；important 8．powerful；power

9．affect；affected 10．attention；attentive

17． fierce；fiercely

解析：本题主要考查对本单元词汇的识别记忆。 二、短语回顾

1．die ____________ 灭亡；逐渐消失

2．____________ peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地 3．____________ danger (of)在危险中；垂危 4．____________ relief 如释重负；松了口气

5．burst ____________ laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来 6．protect ...____________保护……不受……(危害) 7．pay ____________ ____________ 注意

8．come ____________ ____________ 形成；产生 9．according ____________按照；根据……所说 10．do harm 危害

11．long ______ ____ sth. 渴望做某事 12． mercy 毫不留情地 13．respond 对……作出回答 答案：

1．out 2.in 3.in 4.in 5.into 6.from 7. attention to 8.into being 9.to 10.to 11.to do 12. without 13. to 解析：本题主要考查对本单元短语的识记。 【真题回放】

1. （2017·天津卷）

23. Located ____________ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.

A. why B. when C. which D. where

23. D 考查状语从句。be located in+地点名词，位于……，where引导的地点状语从句在此相当于in some place，故选D。

考点：考查状语从句

2. （2017·北京卷）26. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.

A. why B. where C. how D. when

【答案】B

试题分析：A. why 为什么 B. where 在哪 C. how 如何 D. when什么时候。句意：Jane漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上，不知道她将去往何方。根据语境可知此处是表地点的，很容易就可选出答案B。 考点：考查连词。 3.（2017·北京卷）

29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet. A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented 【答案】D

考点：考查时态语态。 4.（2017·天津

卷） If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.

A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put 【答案】A

5. （2016·天津卷）

7. ______ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.

A. Unless B. Until C. As D. While

【答案】C

考点：考查连词。 6.（2016·北京卷）

Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps.

A. However B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever 【答案】C 【解析】

试题分析：题目考查主语从句。helps是谓语，

“________ you can do”是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，表示“任何事情”，因此用whatever引导，故选C。学%

7.（2016·北京卷）

The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.

A. what B. that C. whether D. why 【答案】B 【解析】

8.（2016·江苏卷）

It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.

A. why B. what C. as D. that 【答案】D 【解析】

9.（2016·天津卷）

The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.

A. whether B. that C. which D. what 【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestion的内容，而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导， that不作成分，只是起着连接的作用。故选B。 10.（2015·天津卷）

Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement______ so far by the two sides.

A. has been reached B. was reached C. will reach D. will have reached 【答案】A 【解析】

【考点定位】考查时态。 11. （2015·湖南卷）

You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.

A. what B. that C. where D. who 【答案】C 【解析】

12.（2015·北京卷）

I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.

A. that B. where C. what D. why 【答案】A 【解析】

13. （2017·浙江卷）第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 57 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring. Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house. ＂She thought I had hurt 59 (I),＂

says Pahlsson.

Sixteen years 60 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six—

had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. ＂

I gave up hope of finding my ring again,＂ she says. She never replaced it.

Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生

长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Lena Pahlsson在花园里拔胡萝卜时，找到了丢失已久的结婚戒指的故事。 56. carrots 【解析】考查名词。根据＂a handful of ＂可知要用carrot的复数形式，故填carrots。

57. shiny/shining 【解析】考查形容词。a为冠词，object为名词，横线处应填写形容词。故填shiny或shining。

61. to cook 【解析】考查动词不定式。一个句子不能出现双重谓语，所以此处要用不定式作目的状语。故填to cook。

14.（2017· 新课标Ⅰ卷）第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学

界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food ___67___ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点

心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会受到损害。

61. as 考查介词。句意：这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as表示“作为，以……身份”，故填as。

66. worse 考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。

67. is 考查主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。学*

68. eating 考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词、动名词，所以填eating。

69. careful 考查形容词。句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词作表语，故填careful。

70. which 考查非性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知

which is not good for the health为非性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话。

15.（2016· 新课标Ⅰ卷）第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分 35分）

短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live .Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady. 71. that →where 72. but去

掉 73. had →have 74. honest→ honesty 75. or→ and 76. using →used 77. becoming前加

of 78. the →a 79. our→ his 80. stead→steadily

【解析】

75. or→ and 从句意判断是并列关系，把or改为and。 76. using →used 此处表示被动含义，be used for“被用来去做”。

77. becoming前加of 固定短语: dream of 梦想做某事。 78. the →a 固定短语：in a short period of time在短时间内。 79. our→his 此处指叔叔的生意，用his指代。

80. stead→steadily grow指增长，不是系动词，故用副词修饰。

考点：短文改错

16.（2016新课标Ⅱ卷）第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。

删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden you view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot. 【答案】

1.how改为what 2.chose改为choose 3.take改为taking4.but改为and 5.about后加the

6.your改为our7.knowledges改为knowledge8.删除can或can改为should

9.thought改为think 10.many改为much 【解析】

试题分析：考查记叙文，“我”和同学们对暑假的旅游计划的讨论。

1.how改为what 考查特殊结构。“特殊疑问词+to do”在本句中作为短语talk about的宾语，其中what还要作为动词do的逻辑宾语。句意：同学们和我在谈论暑假期间做什么。

2.chose改为choose 考查句中结构。“情态动词+动词原形”才可以在句中作为谓语部分，而本句中chose是过去式。 3.take改为taking 考查并列结构。本句中动名词短语staying at home与taking a trip构成并列关系，都作为介词between的宾语。

4.but改为and 考查连词。句意：如果我们待在家里，很舒服也没有必要花钱。上下文之间是并列关系，而不是转折关系，所以使用and连接上下文。

5.about后加the 考查定冠词。在英语中定冠词the通常表示特指，本句中the修饰world表示特指这个世界。

6.your改为our 考查代词。应该使用our与本句的主语we保持一致。句意：如果我们出国旅游，我们就拓宽视野并学到书本上学不到的知识。

many通常代替可数名词复数形式。 考点：考查短文改错

17.（2015·全国卷Ⅱ）第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

The adobe dwellings(土坯

房) 61.________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62.________ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63.________(able) to “air condition” a house without .________(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65.________(slow) during cool nights，

thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66.________(cool) the house during the hot day; 67.________ the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68.________ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 69.________(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70.________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most

days. 【答案】 61.built 62.the 63.ability .using 65.slowly 66.to cool 67.at 68.goes 69.natural 70.how

18. （2015·全国卷Ⅰ）第三部分英语知识运用（共两节满分45）

第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yangshuo, China

It was raining lightly when I 61.________(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn't care. A few hours 62.________， I'd been at home in , with 63.________(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain. I'd skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River .________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65.________(painting). Instead, I'd headed straight for Yangshuo. For t

hose who fly to Guilin, it's only an hour away 66.________ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.

Yangshuo 67.________(be) really beautiful. A study of travellers 68.________(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in , says it 69.________(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70.________(live) in Shanghai and . 【答案】 61.arrived

62. before/earlier 63. its

.that/which 65. paintings 66.by 67. is

68. conducted 69. regularly 70. living 【解析】

19. （2015·广东卷）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __16__ farm, which looked almost abandoned. __17__ (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby __18__ other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what __19__ (leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass __20__ it began to rain heavily. While making great efforts to run away, she __21__ (fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnsons had to make a living __22__ the cow. In order to support his family, Mr

Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees __23__ (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children's clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market __24__ people from the towns met regularly. Now it occurred to __25__ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.

【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是约翰逊先生一家靠着农场里的奶牛维持生活，但是一次意外奶牛死了，约翰逊先生不得不想其他办法维持生活。他一边种药草和蔬菜，一边砍树去集上卖木头。最终丰收来临，他将药草和蔬菜卖给镇上的人。上帝在给他关上了一扇门的时候，又给他打开了另一扇门。

16. a 考查冠词。名词farm第一次出现，表示泛指，故填a。

17. Luckily 考查副词。用副词修饰整个句子。

18. for 考查介词。根据句中的exchange可知，用介词for。exchange for交换，兑换。

19. was left 考查动词的时态和语态。文章中的时态都是用的过去时，what与leave是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。

专题2.4WildlifeProtection

【导学案】 一、单词识记

1．____________ n．保护→____________ v．保护

2．____________ n．损失；遗失；丧失→____________ v．丢失 3．____________ adj.远的；远处的→____________ n．距离

4．____________ n．(痛苦或忧郁的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事情→__________ v．减轻；解除

5．____________ n．笑；笑声→____________ v．笑

6．____________ adj.确定的；某一；一定→____________ adv.当然；确定 7．____________ n．重要(性)→____________ adj.重要的

8．____________ adj.强大的；有力的→____________ n．权力；力量

9．____________ vt.影响；感动；侵袭→____________ adj.受到影响的；感动的；受侵袭的 10．____________ n．注意；关注；注意力→____________ adj.注意的；留心的

11．____________ vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到→____________ n．感激；欣赏

12．____________ vi.成功 & vt.接替；继任→____________ n．成功→____________ adj.成功的 13．____________ adj.安全的；可靠的→____________ n．安全

14．____________ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→____________ n．雇用

15．____________ n.& vt.损害；危害→____________ adj.有害的→____________ adj.无害的 16．____________ vt.检查；视察→____________ n．检查

17．____________ adj.凶猛的；猛烈的→____________ adv.凶猛地 答案：

5．laughter；laugh 6．certain；certainly 7．importance；important 8．powerful；power 9．affect；affected 10．attention；attentive

17． fierce；fiercely

解析：本题主要考查对本单元词汇的识别记忆。 二、短语回顾

1．die ____________ 灭亡；逐渐消失

2．____________ peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地 3．____________ danger (of)在危险中；垂危 4．____________ relief 如释重负；松了口气

5．burst ____________ laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来 6．protect ...____________保护……不受……(危害) 7．pay ____________ ____________ 注意

8．come ____________ ____________ 形成；产生 9．according ____________按照；根据……所说 10．do harm 危害

11．long ______ ____ sth. 渴望做某事 12． mercy 毫不留情地 13．respond 对……作出回答 答案：

1．out 2.in 3.in 4.in 5.into 6.from 7. attention to 8.into being 9.to 10.to 11.to do 12. without 13. to

解析：本题主要考查对本单元短语的识记。 【真题回放】 1. （2017·天津卷）

23. Located ____________ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.

A. why B. when C. which D. where

23. D 考查状语从句。be located in+地点名词，位于……，where引导的地点状语从句在此相当于in some place，故选D。 考点：考查状语从句

2. （2017·北京卷）26. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.

A. why B. where C. how D. when 【答案】B

试题分析：A. why 为什么 B. where 在哪 C. how 如何 D. when什么时候。句意：Jane漫无

目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上，不知道她将去往何方。根据语境可知此处是表地点的，很容易就可选出答案B。 考点：考查连词。 3.（2017·北京卷）

29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet.

A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented 【答案】D

考点：考查时态语态。 4.（2017·天津

卷） If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put 【答案】A

5. （2016·天津卷）

7. ______ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.

A. Unless B. Until C. As D. While 【答案】C

考点：考查连词。

6.（2016·北京卷）Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps. A. However B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever

【答案】C 【解析】

试题分析：题目考查主语从句。helps是谓语，“________ you can do”是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾语，表示“任何事情”，因此用whatever引导，故选C。学% 7.（2016·北京卷）

The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust. A. what B. that C. whether D. why 【答案】B 【解析】

8.（2016·江苏卷）

It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. A. why B. what C. as D. that 【答案】D 【解析】

9.（2016·天津卷）

The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.

A. whether B. that C. which D. what 【答案】B 【解析】

试题分析：句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestion的内容，而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导， that不作成分，只是起着连接的作用。故选B。 10.（2015·天津卷）

Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement______ so far by the two sides.

A. has been reached B. was reached C. will reach D. will have reached 【答案】A 【解析】

【考点定位】考查时态。 11. （2015·湖南卷）

You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. A. what B. that C. where D. who 【答案】C 【解析】

12.（2015·北京卷）I truly believe ______beauty comes from within. A. that B. where C. what D. why 【答案】A 【解析】

13. （2017·浙江卷）第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 57 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.

Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house. ＂

She thought I had hurt 59 (I),＂says Pahlsson.

Sixteen years 60 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six—

had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. ＂

I gave up hope of finding my ring again,＂ she says. She never replaced it.

Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Lena Pahlsson在花园里拔胡萝卜时，找到了丢失已久的结婚戒指的故事。

56. carrots 【解析】考查名词。根据＂a handful of ＂可知要用carrot的复数形式，故填carrots。

57. shiny/shining 【解析】考查形容词。a为冠词，object为名词，横线处应填写形容词。故填shiny或shining。

61. to cook 【解析】考查动词不定式。一个句子不能出现双重谓语，所以此处要用不定式作目的状语。故填to cook。

14.（2017· 新课标Ⅰ卷）第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学

界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food ___67___ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点

心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会受到损害。

61. as 考查介词。句意：这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as表示“作为，以……身份”，故填as。

66. worse 考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。 67. is 考查主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。学*

68. eating 考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和

盐。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词、动名词，所以填eating。

69. careful 考查形容词。句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词作表语，故填careful。

70. which 考查非性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知which is not good for the health为非性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话。 15.（2016· 新课标Ⅰ卷）第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分 35分） 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（

）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live .Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.

71. that →where 72. but去掉 73. had →have 74. honest→ honesty 75. or→ and 76. using →used 77. becoming前加of 78. the →a 79. our→ his 80. stead→steadily 【解析】

75. or→ and 从句意判断是并列关系，把or改为and。

76. using →used 此处表示被动含义，be used for“被用来去做”。 77. becoming前加of 固定短语: dream of 梦想做某事。 78. the →a 固定短语：in a short period of time在短时间内。 79. our→his 此处指叔叔的生意，用his指代。

80. stead→steadily grow指增长，不是系动词，故用副词修饰。 考点：短文改错

16.（2016新课标Ⅱ卷）第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。

删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden you view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot. 【答案】

1.how改为what 2.chose改为choose 3.take改为taking4.but改为and 5.about后加the 6.your改为our7.knowledges改为knowledge8.删除can或can改为should 9.thought改为think 10.many改为much 【解析】

试题分析：考查记叙文，“我”和同学们对暑假的旅游计划的讨论。

1.how改为what 考查特殊结构。“特殊疑问词+to do”在本句中作为短语talk about的宾语，其中what还要作为动词do的逻辑宾语。句意：同学们和我在谈论暑假期间做什么。

2.chose改为choose 考查句中结构。“情态动词+动词原形”才可以在句中作为谓语部分，而本句中chose是过去式。

3.take改为taking 考查并列结构。本句中动名词短语staying at home与taking a trip构成并列关系，都作为介词between的宾语。

4.but改为and 考查连词。句意：如果我们待在家里，很舒服也没有必要花钱。上下文之间是并列关系，而不是转折关系，所以使用and连接上下文。

5.about后加the 考查定冠词。在英语中定冠词the通常表示特指，本句中the修饰world表示特指这个世界。

6.your改为our 考查代词。应该使用our与本句的主语we保持一致。句意：如果我们出国旅游，我们就拓宽视野并学到书本上学不到的知识。

many通常代替可数名词复数形式。 考点：考查短文改错

17.（2015·全国卷Ⅱ）第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The adobe dwellings(土坯

房) 61.________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62.________ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63.________(able) to “air condition” a house without .________(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65.________(slow) during cool nights，

thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66.________(cool) the house during the hot day; 67.________ the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68.________ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 69.________(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figure

d out exactly 70.________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 【答案】 61.built 62.the 63.ability .using 65.slowly 66.to cool 67.at 68.goes 69.natural 70.how

18. （2015·全国卷Ⅰ）第三部分英语知识运用（共两节满分45） 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yangshuo, China

It was raining lightly when I 61.________(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn't care. A few hours 62.________， I'd been at home in , with 63.________(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.

I'd skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River .________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65.________(painting). Instead, I'd headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it's only an hour away 66.________ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.

Yangshuo 67.________(be) really beautiful. A study of travellers 68.________(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in , says it 69.________(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70.________(live) in Shanghai and . 【答案】 61.arrived 62. before/earlier 63. its .that/which 65. paintings 66.by 67. is

68. conducted 69. regularly 70. living 【解析】

19. （2015·广东卷）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __16__ farm, which looked almost abandoned. __17__ (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby __18__ other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what __19__ (leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass __20__ it began to rain heavily. While making great efforts to run away, she __21__ (fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnsons had to make a living __22__ the cow. In order to support his family, Mr Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees __23__ (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children's clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market __24__ people from the towns met regularly. Now it occurred to __25__ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.

【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是约翰逊先生一家靠着农场里的奶牛维持生活，但是一次意外奶牛死了，约翰逊先生不得不想其他办法维持生活。他一边种药草和蔬菜，一边砍树去集上卖木头。最终丰收来临，他将药草和蔬菜卖给镇上的人。上帝在给他关上了一扇门的时候，又给他打开了另一扇门。

16. a 考查冠词。名词farm第一次出现，表示泛指，故填a。 17. Luckily 考查副词。用副词修饰整个句子。

18. for 考查介词。根据句中的exchange可知，用介词for。exchange for交换，兑换。 19. was left 考查动词的时态和语态。文章中的时态都是用的过去时，what与leave是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。