一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类 1．阅读理解
The great-grandmother is learning English with the help of her family when she is at the age of 91. She hopes to use the language at next year's Olympic Games in Tokyo. Takamizawa was one of the more than 200, 00 people who requested to volunteer for Tokyo's 2020 Games. English is not required for service, but it is a useful skill for volunteers to have.
But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, \"In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language.\"
Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. \"When I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, 'It's not too late. We will teach you one word a day' \". Natsuko is Takamizawa's granddaughter and main English teacher. Natsuko sends a new English word to her grandmother's phone every day. They also often work together directly on phrases that Takamizawa will need for the Olympics. \"Welcome to Tokyo, this is the Olympic stadium, how can I help you?\" Takamizawa answers when asked to say an English phrase she has learned. Natsuko explains that she wanted to give her grandmother something to enjoy. \"I can clearly see her English is getting better. It's my joy now.\"
The EF English Proficiency Index is a measure of the level of English spoken in a country. Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language. This situation is slowly changing as younger generations welcome English. However, Takamizawa believes real change will not happen unless Japanese people become more open to the rest of the world. With around 500 days to go until the games begin, the whole Takamizawa family is ready to welcome the world to Tokyo.
（1）Why couldn't Takamizawa learn English when she was young?
A. Because English was useless. B. Because she was too young to learn English. C. Because English was forbidden to learn. D. Because she was unwilling to learn English. （2）What can we know from the third paragraph? A. Takamizawa gets strong support from her family. B. Takamizawa's grandchildren love her a lot.
C. Natsuko is Takamizawa's granddaughter and only English teacher. D. Natsuko teaches Takamizawa English mainly by talking with her.
（3）What does the underlined phrase \"This situation\" in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. English is not the first language in Japan.
B. The level of English spoken in Japan is relatively low. C. Younger generations in Japan welcome English. D. Japanese people become open to the rest of the world. （4）What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Where there is a will, there is a way. B. It is never too late to learn. C. The early bird catches the worm. D. Two heads are better than one. 【答案】 （1）C
（2）A （3）B （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa为了做好迎接在东京举行的2020奥运会的志愿工作，在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下开始学习英语。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, ‘In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language.’”可知，是在她高中二年级时第二次世界大战大战爆发了，而英语因为是敌人的语言被禁止了，故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. ‘When I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, ‘It's not too late. We will teach you one word a day' ”.可知她的孙辈说服并且帮助她学习英语，因此推断她从家人那里得到很大的支持。故选A。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language.” 在英语不是第一语言的国家中，日本排名第49位。可知“This situation”指的是在日本人的英语水平相对较低，故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。文章主要介绍了日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下学习英语，从她身上体现了“活到老，学到老”的精神，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
In the nineteenth century, one of America's greatest writers, Walt Whitman, helped people learn to value poetry. Whitman created a new kind of poetry.
Walt Whitman was born in eighteen nineteen in New York City. During his long life, he watched America grow from a young nation to the strongest industrial power in the world. As a young man, Whitman worked as a school teacher, a printer and a newspaper reporter. He was thirty-six years old when he published his first book of poetry in eighteen fifty-five. He called it Leaves of Grass. It had only twelve poems. The poems are written in free verse. The lines do not follow any set form. Some lines are short. Some are long. The words at the end of each line do not have a similar sound. They do not rhyme.
One of America's greatest thinkers and writers immediately recognized the importance of Leaves of Grass. Ralph Waldo Emerson praised Whitman's work. But most other poets and writers said nothing and even denounced it. Most readers also rejected Whitman's poems. The new form of his poetry surprised many people. Even his own brother told Whitman that he should stop writing poetry. But Whitman had many things to say. And he continued to say them. Readers began to understand that America had a great new poetic voice.
Walt Whitman's poems praise the United States and its democracy. The poet expressed his love
for America and its people in many ways. Experts today praise Leaves of Grass as a major literary work. In eighteen seventy-three, Walt Whitman suffered a stroke. He spent the last years of his life in Camden, New Jersey. Whitman was poor and weak during the last years of his life. He died in eighteen ninety-two. Some critics say Walt Whitman was a spokesman for democracy. Others say he was not a spokesman for anything. Instead, they simply call him a great poet. （1）What can we know about Whitman? A. His poems have the same rhyme. B. He is the first great poet in the USA C. He helped people to create new poems. D. His poems show his love for his country.
（2）Why was Leaves of Grass refused at first? A. The poems are quite short. B. The form of poetry is special. C. Whitman wasn't famous then. D. There are only 12 poems in it.
（3）What does the underlined word \"denounced\" in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Accused. B. Downloaded. C. Published. D. Translated. （4）What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Walt Whitman—a Great Soldier B. Walt Whitman—an Unfortunate Poet C. Walt Whitman and Leaves of Grass D. The First and Greatest Poet in America 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）A （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物介绍，介绍了美国著名的诗人 Walt Whitman以及他的代表作《草叶集》。
（1）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Walt Whitman's poems praise the United States and its democracy. The poet expressed his love for America and its people in many ways.” Walt Whitman的诗赞美美国及其民主。这位诗人以多种方式表达了他对美国及其人民的热爱。可知选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The new form of his poetry surprised many people. ”他的新诗形式使许多人感到惊讶，故选B。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“But most other poets and writers said nothing and even denounced it. ”可知，人们不接受Walt Whitman的诗集，可推知denounced可能是“指责，批评”之意，选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了美国著名作家Walt Whitman以及他的代表作《草叶集》，并围绕《草叶集》的开始不被接受到最后的大受欢迎展开，故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
I believe in the power of science fiction, not just for its capacity to transform dreams into reality, but also for its power to bond together those who share a common vision of the future. For me, that's true for my relationship with my dad. Some fathers and sons bond over sports, fishing or hunting, but my dad and I bond over Star Trek. We tried a trip to Disney World, but one of my earliest memories wasn't Mickey, but a Klingon battle cruiser(巡洋) on the screen.
Over the years, nearly every setting and situation has become far away for my dad and me. When it's warm at night, we're not driving along some dark streets in Indiana, but going at a slow speed with stars dimly shining. Both of us are thinking of them, without needing to say a word. All these visions of other universes have together created a private universe for my dad and me. Gene Rodenberry, creator of Star Trek, once said, \" Science fiction is a way of thinking, a way of logic that bypasses(绕过)a lot of nonsense. It allows people to look directly at important subjects. \"A lifetime of science fiction has influenced more than just my relationship with my dad, but has also helped me shape my own hopes for the future. I'm now a science writer.
Yes, science fiction has made me into a \"nerd\"(书呆子), and it also has been a source of joy for my family, making me an optimist while enabling me to think critically about the danger of technology. Thank those authors who have shared their visions; the world and my family are better for it. Thank my dad, who is both the best storyteller and the best man I have ever known because he helped me realize the truth of Tennyson's words,\" Since I dipped into the future, I saw the vision of the world, and all the wonders that would be.\"
（1）What is the special bond between the author and his father? A. Their similar dreams. B. Their love for each other. C. Their common interest. D. Their passion for science. （2）What does the author mainly show in paragraph 2?
A. His deep impression on his dad. B. His feeling of staying with his dad. C. His earliest memory of his dad. D. His good relationship with his dad. （3）How does science fiction help the author at present? A. It leads him to pursue a desirable career. B. It brings him the courage to live better. C. It helps him solve the danger of technology. D. It makes him become a source of his family's joy. （4）What may be the best title for the text?
A. The Wonders of Science B. The Power of Science Fiction C. The Versions of Science Fiction D. The Time together with My Father 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）A （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者和父亲都热爱科幻小说，它不仅帮助作者与父亲建立了深厚的感情，而且帮助作者实现了梦想。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ but my dad and I bond over Star Trek. We tried a trip to Disney World, but one of my earliest memories wasn't Mickey, but a Klingon battle cruiser(巡洋) on the screen. ”可知，作者与父亲都喜欢看科幻小说，故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。第二段举例说明尽管时过境迁，但作者与父亲的关系依旧非常好，故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ A lifetime of science fiction has influenced more than just my relationship with my dad, but has also helped me shape my own hopes for the future.I'm now a science writer.”可知科幻小说促使作者追求自己想要的职业，并帮助他成为一名科学作家，故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。第一段中的“I believe in the power of science fiction, not just for its capacity to transform dreams into reality, but also for its power to bond together those who share a common vision of the future.”点名了主题，说明了 科幻小说的力量，故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
Recently whenever I turned on my computer or my mobile phone, news about the great effect of Hurricane Harvey on thousands of people caught my eyes. We saw many unfortunate events. However, there were also the bright news that confirmed the goodness of mankind. As a journalist, I wrote many human interesting stories during my career. That's why the story about the guys in the bakery caught my eyes.
When the staff at a Mexican bakery chain in Houston were trapped inside the building for two days, they didn't sit there feeling sorry for themselves. They used their time wisely after flooding caused by Hurricane Harvey. While they were waiting for the eventual rescue that came on Monday morning, four decided to make as many loaves of bread as possible for their community. The flood water rose in the street outside. They took advantage of their emergency power supply to bake bread. They used more than 4,200 pounds of flour to create hundreds of loaves and sheets of sweet bread. Although the water kept rising, they continued baking to help more people. By the time the owner managed to get to them, they had made so much bread that we took the loaves to loads of emergency centers across the city for people affected by the floods. The store manager, Brian Alvarado, told The Independent, \"Whenever a disaster occurs, nobody should just feel forlorn. Instead，we should take positive action to save ourselves and help others. Our acts of kindness will make a big difference.\"
（1）What did the bakery store workers do after flooding caused by Hurricane Harvey? A. They volunteered to make bread for their community. B. They managed to live by selling more bread in the store. C. They felt sorry that they couldn't escape from the store.
D. They ate nothing but to wait for their community to rescue them.
（2）Which of the following best explains \"forlorn\" underlined in the last paragraph? A. Fortunate. B. Hopeful. C. Shallow. D. Desperate. （3）What can we infer from the text? A. Alvarado organized his workers to bake much bread. B. Hurricane Harvey caused a power failure in Houston. C. The staff in the bakery sent enough flour to emergency centers. D. The author preferred to write stories about people facing disasters. （4）What can be the best title for the text? A. A Popular Mexican Bakery Chain in Houston B. Wait for the Eventual Rescue in a Big Disaster
C. All Kinds of Disasters Caused by Hurricane Harvey in Houston D. Bake Bread to Make a Difference in Face of Hurricane Harvey 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）B （4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Hurricane Harvey到来时面包店继续烤面包所产生的意义。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“They took advantage of their emergency power supply to bake bread. They used more than 4,200 pounds of flour to create hundreds of loaves and sheets of sweet bread.”可知，Hurricane Harvey引发洪水后，面包店的工作人员自愿为他们的社区做面包。故选A。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“Instead，we should take positive action to save ourselves and help others.”相反,我们应该采取积极的行动来拯救自己和帮助别人。由Instead可知与前句构成转折关系，再由positive可推知划线词的意思是\"令人绝望的\"。故选D。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“When the staff at a Mexican bakery chain in Houston were trapped inside the building for two days,”可知，Hurricane Harvey造成休斯敦停电。故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“Whenever a disaster occurs, nobody should just feel forlorn. Instead, we should take positive action to save ourselves and help others. Our acts of kindness will make a big difference.”可知，文章讲述的是Hurricane Harvey到来时面包店继续烤面包所产生的意义。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
5．阅读理解
The boy sat on his chair, with his hand above the keyboard. He thought about what to write. He recalled that the competition deadline was merely a week away. But he still had not even
started on his piece. He looked at the brochure again.\" WRITING COMPETITION!\" the title read. His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays.
As the boy reflected on his previous writing efforts, he realized how hopeless his task of winning was. Every story he ever wrote was based on other stories. He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the key to writing.
Suddenly, he had a brainwave. This time, he came up with an original and imaginative story. The words shot towards him like a storm of leaves. Words were coming easily, flowing through him, faster than he could type. He typed faster than he ever had before. He continued to type, amazed at how easy writing this story was. The boy could not stop writing. He looked at the word count and saw the number\" 248\" staring right back at him. He was not even halfway yet. Then he heard the call of his mother saying time for bed. He continued writing the piece, ignoring her. He had to make up for the time he had lost thinking about a topic to write. Finally, he finished. The word count now read\"498\".
\"Perfect,\" he thought,\" just under the word limit.\" He knew this was the story that would win. He went onto Google and searched for the competition. He found the page but there was no \"Enter\" button.
（1）What caused the boy to take part in the writing competition?
A. A new computer. B. The prize money. C. His own interest. D. His mom's advice. （2）How did the boy finish his earlier writing?
A. His mom helped him. B. He copied others' ideas. C. His friends assisted him. D. He used his imagination. （3）Why did the boy delay his writing?
A. Because he was terribly lazy. B. Because he didn't know what to write. C. Because he wasn't confident. D. Because he read too many stories. （4）Which might be the maximum word limit for each entry?
A. 100. B. 250. C. 500. D. 1000. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）B （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个男孩，在妈妈的建议下，参加了写作比赛。一开始，他不知道写些什么，后来，有了创作的灵感，文章一气呵成。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition”可知这个男孩妈妈的建议使这个男孩参加了写作比赛，故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Every story he ever wrote was based on other stories. He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the key to writing.”他写的每一个故事都是根据其他故事改编的。他缺乏想象力，不幸的是，想象力是写作的关键。由此推断出这个男孩是通过抄袭别人的想法，来完成他早期的写作的，故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Suddenly, he had a brainwave. This time, he came up with an original and imaginative story.”突然，他灵光一闪。这一次，他想出了一个新颖而富
有想象力的故事。由此推断出，男孩推迟写作是因为他不知道该写什么，故选B。 （4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“Finally, he finished. The word count now read‘498’.”以及倒数第二段中的“‘Perfect,’ he thought,‘ just under the word limit.’He knew this was the story that would win.”可知他写了498个字，刚好在字数限制内，由此推断出每篇文章的最大字数限制是500字，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
Back in 1988, I was working at the University of Bonn in Germany as a research fellow. I took some time off in early May to visit a friend, who was the director of a museum in Viterbo, in central Italy. I set out by train, which crossed the Swiss border to reach Zurich, winding through valleys and along hillsides, and entering tunnels and making its way through the Swiss Alps. The scenery was so beautiful.
The train then crossed the Italian border before passing through Milan and Florence, then finally stopping in Rome. I was lucky, as my hotel was close to the railway station. The next morning, I had a coffee at a nearby café and eagerly set out to visit as many of the famous Roman landmarks as possible.
The following day I headed back to the train station, intending to take a short train ride to Viterbo to meet up with my friend. When I arrived at the station and attempted to locate the correct platform, I quickly realized that the station was closed for an upgrade (升级). For a moment my mind went blank and did not know what to do. My biggest problem was my luggage—my suitcase and hand luggage were so heavy that I couldn't move about easily. As I don't speak Italian, I could not ask anyone for instructions. I dragged my suitcase about 100 meters to a nearby motor mechanics. A tall, strong man of about 50 years of age was working there and I excused myself and asked where the nearest station was. I am sure that he did not understand me properly but he could easily guess that I was looking for a station. He replied, but I did not understand.
He smiled, wiped his hands and said something, which I guessed to mean \"come along\". So I dragged my suitcase along and followed him. He opened the door of his car, motioned to me to get in and then drove for a few minutes to the next station. I got out, unloaded my luggage, then shook his hand with thanks. He smiled back and drove away.
There was no time to hug or exchange names I understood he was busy and in the middle of his work. I was moved so much by his generosity that I have never forgotten him. （1）In 1988, the author went to central Italy to .
A. visit a museum B. see a friend C. do some research D. teach in a university （2）The author got into a panic because .
A. the station was not available B. he couldn't understand Italian C. he couldn't manage the luggage D. a strong man made him frightened （3）Which of the following can describe the man working in the motor mechanics? A. Wealthy and responsible. B. Generous and warm-hearted.
C. Courageous and calm. D. Determined and strict. （4）What does the story mainly tell us?
A. Good scenery is on the road. B. One good turn deserves another. C. A friend in need is a friend indeed. D. An act of kindness can bring others warmth. 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）B （4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者去意大利看望一位朋友，带着沉重的行李，正在因车站关闭而不知所措时，一位汽车修理工慷慨帮忙的经历，说明了一个善举可以给别人带来温暖。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I took some time off in early May to visit a friend, who was the director of a museum in Viterbo, in central Italy.”可知1988年，作者去意大利中部看望一位朋友，故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“When I arrived at the station and attempted to locate the correct platform, I quickly realized that the station was closed for an upgrade (升级). For a moment my mind went blank and did not know what to do.”当我到达车站并试图找到正确的站台时，我很快意识到车站因升级而关闭了。有那么一会儿，我的脑子一片空白，不知道该怎么办。可知作者陷入了恐慌，因为车站不能用，故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“He opened the door of his car, motioned to me to get in and then drove for a few minutes to the next station. I got out, unloaded my luggage, then shook his hand with thanks. He smiled back and drove away.”他打开车门，示意我上车，然后开了几分钟车到下一站。我下了车，卸下行李，然后和他握了握手，表示感谢。他也笑了笑，开车走了。在作者遇到困难的情况下，这位汽车修理工慷慨的帮忙。由此推断出这位汽车修理工慷慨又热心，故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。最后一段“I was moved so much by his generosity that I have never forgotten him.”他的慷慨大方使我深受感动，我从未忘记他，是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要告诉我们一个善举可以给别人带来温暖，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
For many families, a night at the ballpark is a treat. But it can be a terrible experience for those with autistic(自闭症的)children, who are sensitive to light and noise and usually become upset and scared.
For these families, fear of how their child will react to new situations-and how others will react to them-keeps them from gaining everyday experiences others get to have.
Dr. Wendy Ross was heartbroken to see that. The pediatrician(儿科医生)in Philadelphia also knew that separation from the community didn't serve her patients well in the long run.
\"If kids are not in the community, building their skills from very young ages, then there's no reason to expect them to be independent one day,\" Ross said. \"It's a social disability. It needs to be addressed in a social setting.\"
So in 2007, Ross set out to do just that. Today, her nonprofit, Autism Inclusion Resources, helps families affected by autism deal with challenging social situations, such as sporting events, airport travel and museum visits.
Many Major League Baseball teams hold annual 44autism awareness nightsemporary measures such as lowering the volume (音量)on the public address system. But Ross wanted to do more. \"You can't turn down the volume of the world,\" Ross said. \"It's nice to do it for one night, but our goal is for families to be able to go to a game on any night.\" To that end, Ross partnered with the Philadelphia Phillies to develop a creative program. She armed all the Phillies players and game-day staff with knowledge about autism and how to interact with individuals who have the disorder. Each family is also provided a clinician at the game who gives additional support if problems arise. She also helps prepare the families for the event.
Ross has also found her airport travel program to be successful for families. Using the same principles, she trains airline and security staff at major airports and then guides families through the travel experience, including checking in, going through security and boarding a plane. Ross hopes that the tools she gives families can help them explore other settings on their own. \"We really see it as a stepping stone to a brighter future,\" she said. （1）According to Ross, what does a social disability mean? A. Fearing light and noise. B. Lacking social experience.
C. Having to rely on others for help. D. Being separated from the community. （2）What does the underlined part \"do more\ A. Making the ballpark less noisy. B. Making baseball teams autism-friendly. C. Providing a normal game for autistic children. D. Encouraging autistic children to go out into public. （3）What is the Philadelphia Phillies?
A. A baseball team. B. A baseball game.
C. A team of clinicians. D. Families with autistic children. （4）What is the purpose of Ross's airport travel program? A. To help families to learn about air travel. B. To teach airport staff knowledge about autism. C. To teach autistic children how to travel by air. D. To help autistic children get used to social situations. 【答案】 （1）C （2）C （3）A （4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，儿科医生Dr. Wendy Ross为了让深受自闭症折磨的
孩子和家庭能够顺利融入社会而做出的卓有成效的努力。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“If kids are not in the community, building their skills from very young ages, then there's no reason to expect them to be independent one day,\" 以及\"It's a social disability. It needs to be addressed in a social setting.\"一句中解释了a social disability的概念:无法独立,只能依靠别人的帮助。故选C。
（2）考查句义猜测。根据第六段中的”It's nice to do it for one night, but our goal is for families to be able to go to a game on any night.“可知Ross并不是只想举办一场特殊的比赛,而是想让患有自闭症的孩子们每个晚上都能观看比赛。由此可知\"do more意为:为自闭症孩子提供正常比赛。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第七段中的\"partnered with the Philadelphia Phillies\"及第八段中的”She armed all the Phillies players...\"可知Philadelphia Phillies应该是一支棒球队伍。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的''...helps families affected by autism deal with challenging social situations, such as sporting events, airport travel and museum visits\"；以及倒数第二段中的\" Ross has also found her airport travel program to be successful for families. Using the same principles...\"可知,让患自闭症的儿童去机场也是使这些儿童适应社会环境。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of Dennis's Swamp (沼泽地) creeping into their bones. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack's dare. They liked camping, but not near this swamp. \"So,\" Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals. \"How did this place get its name?\" \"Are you sure you want to hear it? It's a scary story,\" warned Jack.
\"Of course!\" cried out Tom. \"If there were anything to be scared of, you wouldn't have chosen this place!\"
\"Ok, but don't say I didn't warn you,\" said Jack, and he began this tale.
\"Way back in time, a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here. He built that cottage over there to live in. In those days, the area looked quite different—it was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river. After three hard years, Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops. He was so proud of his success that he refused to listen to advice.
\"'You are clearing too much land,' warned one old man. 'The land is a living thing. It will hit back at you if you abuse it. '\"
\"'Silly fool,' said Dennis to himself. 'If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I'll become wealthier. He's just jealous!'\"
\"Dennis continued to chop down trees. Small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed. He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing
slowly towards his door. He did not notice salt seeping to the surface of the land. He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants.\"
\"What happened?\" Martin asked. It was growing colder. He trembled, twisting his body closer to the fire.
\"The land hit back—just as the old man warned,\" Jack shrugged. \"Dennis disappeared. Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater. His body was never found.\"
\"What a stupid story,\" laughed Tom. \"Plants can't …\" Before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted (晕倒). The other two boys jumped up with fright, staring at Tom. Suddenly, they burst out laughing. Some green swamp ivy (常春藤) had covered Tom's face. It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke.
（1）The underlined word \"dare\" in Paragraph 1 is closed in meaning to ________. A. courage B. assistance C. instruction D. challenge （2）Why did Jack tell Tom and Martin the story? A. To frighten them. B. To satisfy their curiosity.
C. To warn them of the danger of the place. D. To persuade them to camp in the swamp.
（3）Why did Dennis ignore the warning of the old man? A. The old man envied him. B. The old man was foolish C. He was too busy to listen to others. D. He was greedy for more crops. （4）Why did Tom scream and faint? A. He saw Dennis's shadow. B. He was scared by a plant. C. His friends played a joke on him. D. The weather became extremely cold.
（5）What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis? A. Grasp all, lose all. B. No sweat, no sweet.
C. It is no use crying over spilt milk. D. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）D （4）B （5）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，在黑沉沉的夜晚，三个朋友马丁，汤姆和杰克来到了一片阴湿恐怖的沼泽地。篝火旁聊起了它名字的缘由。故事的主人公丹尼斯贪婪成性，乱砍乱伐。开垦地树没了，动物走了，变成了一块沼泽地。他受到大地的报应——被沼泽
植物拖入水中而亡。听后，汤姆突然晕了！他脸上竟然爬满了常春藤。一个着实恐怖的笑话！
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的\"They liked camping, but not near this swamp.\"可知，男孩子们并不愿在这块沼泽地附近野营，之所以现在在这里是受到了杰克的“挑战”。故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第二、三、四段他们的对话可知，杰克警告他们这个故事很吓人，但经不住他们的请求还是告诉他们了，故杰克讲这个故事并不是为了吓他们，而是为了满足他们的好奇心。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第八段中\"If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I'll become wealthier. He's just jealous！\"可知，他想种更多的庄稼，变得更富，还以为别人嫉妒他。由此可知，他不听老人的劝告是因为他太贪婪，想种更多的庄稼。故选D。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的\"Some green swamp ivy(常春藤) had covered Tom's face.\"可知，他晕倒的原因是他被常春藤吓到了。故选B。
（5）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，Dennis因为贪婪，结果失去了一切，故A项“贪多必失”最恰当，选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
9．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 When my father married my mother in 1943, he gave my mother a 1937 crown coin and told her to keep it in the back of her purse and not to spend it. This would mean that she always felt that she was protected and would always have money if she really needed it.
When I was married in 1970, my husband, who had heard this story, obtained a 1937 crown coin for me and I have always kept it in my wallet, and I have always had enough for my needs. A friend recently fell on hard times, partly through external (外部的) circumstances and partly through poor planning. Friends and I have loaned her money, paid her bills, given her food, and even tried to teach her budget techniques, but none of them has been a solution. She has just slipped deeper and deeper into financial trouble and depression.
Last week she looked pale and unwell, very depressed and hopeless, very sad for a friend to see and I then thought about how the crown coin, a physical reminder of another's care and love had protected me, so I went to the bank for a $ 100 dollar-bill.
I told my friend the story and asked her to keep the $ 100 in the back of her wallet. It turned out that she didn't have a wallet, so she put the money in a little pencil case where she kept her coins. She immediately felt better—\"I feel rich, and thank you for being a good friend,\" she said, and we were both a bit teary.
I went home and remembered a little wallet I had that I'd never used, and thought, \"I'll give that to my friend.\" I opened it, and inside, found $ 100.
（1）What did the 1937 crown coin from the author's father mean to her mother? A. His concern for her. B. His pity and protection for her.
C. His care and love for her. D. His pride and respect for her. （2）Where did the author's friend keep the $ 100 dollar-bill? A. In the back of her wallet. B. In a little pencil case. C. In the pocket of her raincoat. D. In the layer of her suitcase. （3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. The author became rich all of a sudden. B. The author's friend would receive a wallet as a gift. C. The author's friend was not touched by her story. D. The author felt uncomfortable when receiving the bill. （4）What can be the best title for the text?
A. A crown coin B. The help to a friend C. A hard life D. A gift from my father 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）B （4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，父母结婚时，父亲送给母亲一枚1937年的王冠硬币，让母亲时刻感到他的关心和爱，作者结婚时，丈夫也送她一枚王冠硬币，然后作者又运用这枚王冠硬币的影响（代表了另一个人的关心和爱）送给一个经济困难的朋友一张百元纸币放在钱包里保护她。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的\"This would mean that she always felt that she was protected and would always have money if she really needed it.\"可知，结婚时父亲送给母亲一枚1937年王冠硬币意味着母亲总会觉得父亲在保护自己，并且需要钱时，她总会有钱，也就说这枚硬币代表了父亲对母亲的关心和爱，故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的\"so she put the money in a little pencil case where she kept her coins\"可知，作者的朋友把那张100美元纸币放在了小文具盒里，故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的\"I went home and remembered a little wallet I had that I'd never used, and thought, \"I'll give that to my friend.\"可知，作者将会把那个自己从未用过的小钱包送给朋友，故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“When my father married my mother in 1943, he gave my mother a 1937 crown coin and told her to keep it in the back of her purse and not to spend it. ”父母结婚时，父亲送给母亲一枚1937年的王冠硬币，让母亲时刻感到他的关心和爱，文章由此而展开，作者结婚时，丈夫也送她一枚王冠硬币，然后作者又运用这枚王冠硬币的影响（代表了另一个人的关心和爱）送给一个经济困难的朋友一张百元纸币放在钱包里保护她，全文都是围绕“王冠硬币”而展开，故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
10．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
After some blood tests, Dr Stubs stood before me, a tall man, but short on personality and sporting a cold expression. You have systemic lupus, he said matter-of-factly. \"Lupus,\" he continued, \"is an auto-immune disease and ….\" I remember certain details but mostly I remember him talking about children. \"Children are no harm. But childbirth would jumpstart additional symptoms that could be life threatening. You already have two kids anyway.\" As I got up to leave, shaken and drained, he said his parting words, \"I would discourage any further research. There is no cure and nothing can prevent its progression.\"
Still, I did research lupus and its symptoms tiredness and joint pain-were both consistent with what I was experiencing. And eventually some major organs could be affected, causing shutdown and possibly death.
I studied and found out that echinacea had a record in making immune system stronger. I decided that along with the plant I would strengthen my mindset by immersing myself in my family with my one-year-old son and three-year-old daughter.
After another visit, I decided never to go back to Dr. Stubs. How could one endure repeatedly hear desperately words coming from an emotionless mouth even though they were truth? The years passed. When I would feel tired and achy I pulled support from my children and their laughter.
Finally, after eight years, I went to Dr. Kirstein who was recommended by a friend. She stood there holding my hand and looking into my eyes warmly. \"So let's talk a little
Instantly my defenses were down. Before I knew it, she had me running on and on about my children, my husband, my life and dreams. I told her about all the meaningful activities I was involved in, those things I might have never done without the disease.
After several follow-up tests, and greater research into my family history, Dr. Kirsteincame to conclusive answer. I did not have systemic lupus. There must be something wrong with the initial tests 8 years before.
I didn't know whether I should jump for joy or scream because I had been living the last eight years in fear of a fatal disease. But then I realized that I had been living every day, not so much in fear, but happiness Even day was a gift and I knew it.
（1）Dr. Strubs warned the author against having more children because ________. A. The process of giving birth put her life in danger. B. Taking care of children will gradually worsen her disease. C. Her disease will threaten the health of her children. D. She already has enough children.
（2）Why did the author stop seeing doctor Strubs after two visits? A. Because she not qualified to treat her disease. B. Because he recommended Dr. Kirkstein to her. C. Because his cold attitude upset the author.
D. Because she suspected his diagnosis about her disease. （3）How did the author deal with the disease? A. She calmly waited for major organs to shut down.
B. she took effective medicine regularly to fight the disease. C. She turned to Dr. Kirstein to get cure for the disease
D. She tried to strengthen immune system and drew strength from family. （4）Why did the author think every day in the past 8 years was a gift? A. Because systemic lupus was no longer a deadly disease. B. Because she made every day valuable in spite of disease C. Because she received a gift every day from her family D. Because she only occasionally felt pain and tiredness. 【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）D （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者虽然在过去的八年被认为是有疾病，但是她使每一天都过的有意义。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I remember certain details but mostly I remember him talking about children.‘Children are no harm. But childbirth would jumpstart additional symptoms that could be life threatening. You already have two kids anyway.’\"可知，Dr. Strubs认为作者分娩会引发可能危及生命的其他症状。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“How could one endure repeatedly hear desperately words coming from an emotionless mouth even though they were truth?”作者无法忍受反复听到医生从一个没有感情的嘴里说出绝望的话语，可知，医生冷淡的态度使作者感到不安。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段“I studied and found out that echinacea had a record in making immune system stronger. I decided that along with the plant I would strengthen my mindset by immersing myself in my family with my one-year-old son and three-year-old daughter.”可知，作者用紫锥菊来增强自己增强免疫系统并融入家庭、强化心态，从家庭中汲取力量。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But then I realized that I had been living every day, not so much in fear, but happiness Even day was a gift and I knew it.”可知，作者意识到，活着的每一天，并不是那么恐惧，而是快乐，甚至每一天都是一份礼物，从而推断出，尽管疾病缠身，但她让每一天都变得有价值。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
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