一、.quality 质量；品质 quantity 数量 翻译：1.Quality is more important than quantity.
2.The changes of quantity cause the changes of quality.
① Our product is _______good/high quality. Your product is _______poor quality. 二、mean
1. adj.低劣的；刻薄的；卑鄙的；吝啬的； be mean to sb对。。。吝啬/刻薄 be mean with sth 在。。。方面吝啬
Why are you so mean ______ your money? You shouldn’t be mean________your little brother! 2. v.意思是；打算；意味
Sb mean to do是“打算，意图，企图”的意思。 Sth mean doing是表示“意味着”的意思。如：
① What do you mean by saying so?你这样说是什么意思？ ②I meant ___________( leave) on Sunday.我本打算周日走。
③Missing the train means__________( wait) for another hour.赶不上火车意味着要再等一个小时。④Copying others’homework means_________(fail)in your test. 三、.generous 慷慨的；大方的
1.be generous in doing sth慷慨做某事 2.be generous to sb对……大方 3.be generous with sth 在。。。方面大方 4.It is generous of sb to do. ①He is always generous_______money and time.
②She is quite generous_____her son,but mean_______her parents. ③It is generous _________ you to lend me so much money.
四、 active 积极的 ;活跃的 ； activity 活动 be active in.. 积极参加。。。。。 1.She is active in school activities.
2.She always takes an active part in our discussions。（积极参加） 五、devote 献身；专心于 1.devote…to…奉献。。。。。。给。。。。。（to是介词）
He is determined to devote his life to science. 他决心把毕生精力贡献给科学事业.
①The doctor devoted himself to __________(save)g patients, he spent less time on his family ②Don’t devote too much time _______games.
2.devoted“忠诚的；献身的；深爱的” In my everyday life I need some devoted friends. be devoted to sb 深爱某人; 忠诚某人 He was extremely devoted to his mother. be devoted to (doing) sth 致力于/专注于某事 ④.He is devoted to ___________(save) patients 。
⑤.All her life was devoted to ____________(care) for the poor. 她一生都致力于关心照顾贫人。 六、die for 为……而死
die of …因……而死（死于内因，如疾病，饥饿） die from …因……而死（死于外因，如事故、灾害）
1. He died _______his country. His grandpa died______cancer.(癌症) 2.His grandma died_______ an earthquake.他奶奶死于地震。 七、fight—fought---fought
1.fight with有歧义的，既可表示“跟……作战/打架”，又可表示“跟……并肩而战”。
His mother said to him,“Don’t fight with others. Get along well with others in the school.” 2..fight against与…作斗争/战斗 You have to fight against difficulties. 3. fight for为…而战斗
fight for (freedom/independence/one’s country)
①England fought ______ France _________ Germany in the war of 1914—1918.
②I am determined to continue the fight ______ justice(正义). 八、believe相信 ; believe in表示“信仰”、“信任” 1.I believe him．（=I believe what he says）我相信他（的话）。
2.I could hardly believe my own eyes．我几乎不能相信自己的眼睛。 3.I believe in him．（=I trust him ）
①.You must believe __________ yourself.
②.In the days of the French Revolution，people believed _______liberty，equality and fraternity． 法国大革命时代的人们信奉自由、平等及博爱。
③.We do not believe _______God/Buddhism.我们不信上帝/ 佛教。 九、in prison in school in hospital in the prison in the school in the hospital ①.His uncle works __________prison.
②.He has been ___________prison for eight years because of cheating.
③.He has been kept ________ prison for weeks without food and dies like a dog. 十、He was the first man to land on the moon.
不定式放在表示次序的词the first,the last,the best以及the only,the very,the right等词后面,且这些词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系，结构为：
the first/last.../best../only/very/right...+n.+to do
表示“第一个/最后一个/最好的一个/唯一的/恰好的/合适的……做某事的人/物”。
1)He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 他总是第一个来并且最后一个离开。
2)The last man to leave the sinking ship was the captain. 最后一个离开正在下沉的船的那个人是船长。 ①.In my view,he is the right young man _________(do) the job. ②.He is the last person to Mary’s birthday party. A.to invite B. to be invited C. invited D. being invited 十一、guide,guidance
guide n. 导游；指南,手册;路标, v. 指导，引导
History is an imperfect guide. 历史可以作一个不完美的指南。
guidance n. 引导,指导 With/Under the guidance of 在……指导下 I need guidance from a guide on the matter. 这件事我需要一名向导的引导。 ①._________ the guidance of the teacher, I succeeded in settling the problem. ②.__________ the help of the teacher, I succeeded in overcoming the difficulty. 十二、legal法律的; illegal 非法的
It is ________(legal) to kill animals in the forest.
十三、and I worried about whether I would become out of work.( out of work =out of a job) He lost his job last year. He has been out of work. for a year. 十四、until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.一直到今天，我们已经到了
几乎没有权利的阶段了。 stage “舞台；阶段；时期”
抽象/模糊地点名词：当point, stage, case, position, occasion，situation , condition等词作先行词引导定语从句时，若在定语从句中作状语，应由where引导定语从句。
1.Her illness has developed to the point / stage where nobody can cure her. 她的病发展到没人能治的地步/阶段了。
2.He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。
① Tom is in the condition __________ he feels very ashamed of himself.
② You ’ve reached the stage__________ you have to work hard.. 你已经到了必须努力的阶段了。 ③ He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ______he is likely(可能的) to lose his job.
A. where B. which C. while D. why
十五、vote for 投票支持 vote against 投票反对
I will vote _______the plan, for it’s not proper.
attack vt.攻击；进攻；抨击
The enemy attacked our city all night. Our city was under attack(遭受攻击)
The president of Korea _____________(attack) by the press（新闻界） last month. 十六、either…or 或者…或者…；要么…要么（就近一致）neither…nor；not only…but also 翻译：1.His father said to him,〝You can either study at home or work in the field.〞 2.You can’t either talk freely or sleep in calss. ①Either you or he _____going to do the work.
②Not only he but (also)his parents ________(have) to come to school this afternoon. 十七、.break the law违法法律
The students who broke the school rules has been punished already. 十八、.Only +状语放在句首，句子部分倒装。 1）. “only 副词”位于句首。
Only then did he realize the importance of English. 只是那时他才意识到英语的重要性。 2）. “only+介词短语”位于句首。
Only in this way can you learn English well. 你只有用这种方法才能学好英语。
Only by working hard can you make progress in English.只有通过努力，你才能在英语方面取得进步。 3）. “only+状语从句”位于句首。（从句不倒装，主句倒装）
Only when he loses health does he know its value. 只有当他失去健康时，他才知道健康的可贵。 Only after he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里后,才知道出了什么事。注意：若位于句首的不是only+状语，而是 only+ 主语/宾语等，则通常无需倒装。如： Only John can save you. 只有约翰能够救你。
Only some of the children passed the examination. 只有几个孩子通过了考试。 ① Only yesterday _______I ________(know) the news.
② Only when a child grows up ______he ____________(understand )his parents’ intention(意图). 十九、as a matter of fact = in fact =in reality= actually 事实上 二十、blow up 使充气；爆炸
Can you lend me a pump(气筒) to blow up my bike?
A bomb blew up in the market, killing more then 10 people.
It is reported that a terrorist (恐怖分子) has blown up the police station in the street .
二十一、in trouble 在困境/麻烦中 have trouble (in)doing sth have trouble with sb/sth 二十二、be willing to do sth; 乐意做某事 be unwilling to do sth不乐意做某事
① He is quite __________(self), for he is willing to help those ______ trouble.
② She is ________trouble,she has some trouble __________(get)along with her deskmate. 二十三、turn to求助于；翻到(某页)；转向 turn to sb for…(help;advice)向某人寻求帮助/建议 ① If you have some trouble _________(learn) Eng;ish, you can turn______me _________ help. ② At midnight ,there was no one in the street__________she could turn for help.
二十四、lose heart 失去信心 lose hope失去希望 Don’t lose your heart when in trouble. (改错) 二十五、escape vi 逃脱；逃走(escape from) vt.避免；逃避；(escape doing sth); 被遗忘 1.The bird has escaped ____________ the cage.
2.you mustn’t escape ____________(do) your homework .
3.If you want to escape ________________(punish), it is impossible.
翻译：Her name escaped me at that moment.=I couldn’t _____________her name at that moment.二十六、We used anything we could find to make candles to see the words. (p38) That made me feel good about myself. (p38)
…for I helped to make our people free in their own land. (p38) …what qualities make Mandela a great man(p39)
make + O + do sth 让某人做某事 make+ O + to do sth 制造某物为了做某事 The teacher made the students ___________(stand) at the back of the classroom.
Her joke made all of us ____________(laugh)
He made a fire on the beach __________(cook)food..
二十七、but I was not allowed to do that 我不被允许那样做。
allow 允许 allow doing sth 允许做某事allow sb to do sth sb be allowed to do sth ① We don’t allow _____________(play) cell phones in class. ② As students, we are not allowed ____________(smoke).
③ Could you allow us ____________(organize)an activity in the classroom? 二十八、He said they should not be stopping studying for their degrees.
stop sb (from ) doing sth 阻止某人做某事 =keep/prevent sb from doing sth ① My parents often stop me ____________(watch)TV on school days. ② She is stopped _________making friends with boys. 二十九、I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.
名词短语作连词，引导时间状语从句的有：every time 每次 each time 每次next time 下次 any time 任何时候 the last time 上次
The first time I saw the poor little girl，I knew I had to help her.
Every/Each_time I see the old man in the park，he is buried in reading papers. _______________ I met her, she was still a small girl in a small town ________________ I meet the teacher, I greet him politely.
Last year I went to Beijing _________________, where I had a great time. 三十、reward n.报酬；奖金 vt. 酬劳 ；奖赏 She got a chance to go abroad as a reword .
reward sb for (doing) 为某事酬谢某人 We must reward him for helping us in time. reward sb with sth You should reward your parents with good grades.
in reward for 作为奖励 He got a pay rise in reward for his contribution to his company.
award “授予；颁发” He has been awarded the title of “advanced worker”. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Literature Prize. 三十一、set up 建立；设立
set down 写下；记下 set off 出发；动身；使爆炸set out 出发；动身；开始；着手
set about doing sth.
＝set out to do sth.
开始做某事；着手做某事
The Voice of China has set up a stage where some people can achieve their dreams. 《中国好声音》搭建了一个舞台，在这里一些人可以实现梦想。 1.I should set__________ what happened regularly day by day. 2.He set________a small company when he graduated from a college.
3.He set about _____________(help) homeless women and children to places of safety. 三十二、sentence vt.宣判；判决 n.句子；判决 be sentenced to 被判处。。。
The judge sentenced him to eight years in prison. He got a heavy sentence./life sentence. He was sentenced to death.
利用下面的句子和括号里的提示词写一篇短文。
1．王朋毕业于一所大学，不久前失业了。(out of work)
2．虽然陷入困境，但是他并未丧失信心。(in trouble，lose heart)
3．他认为，由于他受过良好的教育而且有好的素质，再找到工作并不难。(quality) 4．一天深夜，在回家的路上，他看到一位姑娘遭到了几个坏孩子的攻击。(attack) 5．那位姑娘很害怕，她向王朋求助。(turn to) 6．王朋勇敢地与他们斗争。(fight against)
7．最终姑娘成功脱险，坏孩子们逃跑了。(escape)
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