2019届高考英语一轮复习全程跟踪训练：(29)阅读理解-七选五(一)

阅读理解-七选五（一）

七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。

Tolerance means tolerating or putting up with differences. __1__ This concept

means different things to different people, but it is when something is disagreeable

that tolerance is expected, and in more politically correct cultures, demanded.

__2__ A person might fully disagree with others on any issue, while at the same

time respecting those with different opinions and treating them with dignity.

Disagreement alone does not equal intolerance.

One problem is the fact that this respect is sometimes one－sided. Those who

disagree with a particular issue must respect the opinions of those who support it,

but some supporters feel reasonable in labeling those who disagree with hateful terms,

and vice versa. __3__

When it comes to controversial issues, tolerance may also represent a “let's

agree to disagree” attitude. It does not mean that a person has to accept actions

or ideas that are against his or her values or beliefs. __4__ When both parties have

expressed their opinions, and it is obvious that neither is likely to change position,

agreeing to disagree is often the ideal outcome.

Some degree of tolerance is necessary in any civilized society. __5__ It goes

against human nature. Putting up with differences is a virtue that requires honest

effort on the part of every person. It takes time to develop.

A. There are many different ways to show tolerance.

B. Therefore, both parties should change opinions if necessary.

C. People on both sides of an issue must be tolerant of each other.

D. It means showing respect for the race, religion and opinions of other people.

E. It is widely accepted that tolerance is a critical step towards a peaceful world.

F. But it is not realistic to believe that all people can achieve it completely on

every issue.

G. It means that each person agrees to respect the other's right to his or her feelings

on the matter.

答案与解析

【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了什么是宽容以及表达宽容的三种方式。

1. 答案 D

解析 根据空前的“Tolerance means tolerating or putting up with differences”及

空后的“This concept means different things to different people”可知，空处亦是

在解释什么是宽容，故 D 项“它意味着对其他人的种族、宗教和观点表示尊重”符合语境。

2. 答案 A

解析 根据第二至四段的内容可知，文章的二至四段分别介绍了表达宽容的三种方式，空处

总领这三个段落的内容，故 A 项“有许多不同的表达宽容的方式”符合语境。

3. 答案 C

解析 根据空前的“One problem is the fact that this respect is so metimes one－

sided”可知，这种尊重有时是单方面的，而宽容要求我们能够忍受差异，尊重他人，因此

当问题或争论出现时，当事人双方应互相尊重。故 C 项“问题的当事人双方必须互相宽容”

符合语境。

4. 答案 G

解析 根据空前的“It does not mean that a person has to accept actions or ideas that

are against his or her values or beliefs”可知，空处的内容与之存在转折关系，应该

解释的是“let's agree to disagree”这种态度的相关内容，故 G 项“它意味着每个人都

同意尊重对方对这件事的感受的权利”符合语境。

5. 答案 F

解析 根据空前的“Some degree of tolerance is necessary in any civilized society”

及空后的“It goes against human nature”可知，空处所填内容与空前的内容存在转折关

系，故 F 项“但是，相信所有人都能就每一件事完全做到宽容是不现实的”符合语境。下文

中的 It 指代的就是 F 项中的“all people can achieve it completelyon every issue”。

七选五

(2018·江西赣中南五校高三第一次联合考试)

More and more people are working remotely.Here are some tips to keep in mind

to stay focused on your work when working at home：

Set and keep regular office hours.

__1__ Then try your best to leave work at the “office” and turn your phone

on silent and enjoy the rest of your day.Give yourself some time to recharge so you

can be as productive as possible.

Plan and structure your workdays.

Structure your workdays to maximize(使最大化)efficiency.Take advantage of your

body's natural rhythms.__2__ If you know you focus best in the morning，resist the

temptation to check email until 10 a．m.or later.

Set aside a designated(指定的)work area.

Try to work at the same spot every day.__3__ And make it a place you enjoy going

to each day，an area where you can focus and do your best work.

Take breaks.

Schedule time for frequent breaks throughout the day.Rise from your desk，stretch

or walk around the house or down the street.__4__ If you need social activities ，

go out to lunch with friends or clients.

Avoid distractions(使人分心的事)．

One challenge of working at home is distraction.With no colleagues or partners

nearby，it's easy to become distracted.Stay focused on work throughout the day to

maintain consistent productivity.__5__

A．It could be a spare bedroom that you've turned into a home office.

B．Plan your work around your most productive hours.

C．Do your best to set work hours and stick to them.

D．Take a lunch break and enjoy a midday meal.

E．It is more comfortable to stay at home.

F．Some interruptions can't be avoided.

G．Avoid online distractions as well.

【解题导语】本文主要介绍了五种在家工作时如何保持注意力集中的方法。

1．C 根据本段的小标题“Set and keep regular office hours”可知，此处与工作

时间的设定有关，所以选 C 项。

2．B 根据本段的小标题“Plan and structure your workdays”可推知，此处与工作

计 划 有 关 ， 并 与 本 段 第 一 句 “Structure your workdays to maximize( 使 最 大

化)efficiency”呼应，所以选 B 项。

3．A 根据本段小标题“Set aside a designated(指定的)work area”可知，此处表

示家庭办公区的设定和安排，所以选 A 项。

4．D 根据本段第一句“Schedule time for frequent breaks throughout the day”

并结合小标题“Take breaks”可推知，工作期间适当休息一下有助于集中注意力，所以选

D 项。

5．G 根据本段小标题“Avoid distractions(使人分心的事)”可推知，网上使人分心

的内容也是集中注意力所需要避免的，所以选 G 项。

七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

How to Make Good Conversation

“Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities.” I totally agree

with this point. Conversation is the main part of everyone's daily life. __1__ What's

more, good conversation is the most interesting part for us. In my view, you should

pay attention to the following three issues to make good conversation.

To start good conversation we'd better prepare some questions. __2__ We can ask

some questions to show our politeness and care for others. Like, do you have a good

sleep last night? Or what do you do in your spare time? Think twice before you throw

a question to others.

__3__ We should pay attention to what others said and think in their shoes. Allow

the others to do most of the talking. Be patient and hold interest for their comments

and make some noise to show you are listening carefully. __4__ In this way you will

get the credit for being a good conversationalist as well as a good listener and

it will help you to make friends with others.

We always said eyes are the windows to the soul. Appropriate eye contact is like

a great element of the main dish which makes it more delicious. __5__ It will help

us to improve mutual (相互的) understanding. Do not hesitate to look into them. But

don't stare at them and don't look at them for too long a time. It would make others

feel uneasy and unwilling to go on talking.

A. Good questions make people feel comfortable.

B. Without conversation, life would be as cold as a rock.

C. The most important part of conversation is to listen.

D. Enjoy good conversation and be friends with them.

E. Do not interrupt others when they share their views excitedly.

F. They have some ideas that they want us to know and even convince us.

G. During conversation, we should look the speakers in the eye friendly.

答案与解析

【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了与人交谈应注意的三个方面。

1. 答案 B

解析 根据空前的“Conversation is the main part of everyone's daily life”可知，

交谈是每个人日常生活中的重要部分，空处承接上文，进一步说明交谈在日常生活中的重要

性，故 B 项“没有交谈，生活会冷若磐石”符合语境。

2. 答案 A

解析

根据本段的主题句 “To start good conversation we'd better prepare some

questions”可知，我们在开始交谈前最好准备一些问题，再结合空后的“We can ask some questions to show our politeness and care for others”可知，空处应是在说明问问题

的益处，故 A 项“好的问题会让人感到舒服”符合语境。

3. 答案 C

解析

根 据 下 文 中 的 “pay attention to what others said and think in their

shoes”“Allow the others to do most of the talking”“show you are listening carefully”和“a good listener”可知，本段主要讲的是倾听方面的内容，故 C 项“交谈

中最重要的部分是倾听”符合语境。

4. 答案 E

解析 根据上文中的“Be patient and hold interest for their comments and make some

noise to show you are listening carefully”可知，空处应是对上文中的“listening

carefully”的进一步说明，故 E 项“当他们兴奋地分享观点时不要打断他们”符合语境。

5. 答案 G

解析 根据本段的内容可知，本段主要说明的是交谈中眼神交流的重要性， G项中的“look

the speakers in the eye”与上文中的“eye contact”及下文中的“look into them”相

呼应，故 G 项符合语境。

七选五

(2018·广东汕头普通高中毕业班教学质量监测)

Here's a surprising truth—one of the most powerful weapons to enhance your life

is your own tongue!

__1__ Concentrate on the qualities of other people that you can affirm instead

of on their faults.This alone should do wonders in relieving stress in your

relationships.Doctors know that prolonged anxiety harms you，but encouraging words

can remove stress and a peaceful mind leads to improve physical healthtoo.__2__ ，

Avoid fueling verbal fire.When someone starts to blow up all at you，be careful

about your response.Why burn your relationship house down with your own mouth？

Try spraying water on an argument with calm words instead of using a flamethrower.How

many marriages have been destroyed when in a fit of anger people spew out hurtful

accusations to one another that are never forgotten！__3__ “A soft answer turns

away wrath(狂怒)，but a harsh word stirs up anger.”

Stop complaining.We all know people who complain all the time，especially about

the fault of others.__4__ Nothing is ever going well for them，and probably nothing

ever will—as long as they keep complaining and putting their energy on what they

really don't want.

Do think before you speak.__5__ It is useless regretting.It doesn't matter how

unintentional they may be，words can sometimes cut a lot deeper than a sword.Very

often you'll hear people say，“I didn't mean to hurt your feelings.”Well，if you

didn't want to hurt feelings why couldn't you be thoughtful before you let the

unpleasant words escape your loose lips?

A．You should practice waiting a while before answering someone when you are

angry.

B．Practice speaking positive words instead of negative ones.

C．We store in our minds in a kind of mental art gallery what others have said

to us.

D．Once the words leave your mouth，it is impossible to take them back.

E．The longer you think，the better you'll speak.

F．The more they do so，the more they are disliked.

G．Think twice before speaking.

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，告诉我们应如何注意自己的说话方式以帮助我们减压

并改善人际关系。

1．B 根据空后一句“Concentrate on the qualities of...on their faults”和下

文的“encouraging words can remove stress”可知，应选 B“练习说一些积极的话语而

不是消极的话语”。

2．C 由空前一句中的“prolonged anxiety harms you, but encouraging words can

remove stress”可知，我们会把别人对我们说的话储存在脑海里，如果这些话是消极的，

则会伤害我们；相反若是鼓励性的话语，就会帮我们消除压力，故选 C。

3 ． A

根据空 前一句中的 “when in a fit of anger people spew out hurtful

accusations to one another that are never forgotten”可知，人们一气之下就会说出 让自己后悔的话，所以要练习在气头上控制自己的情绪，故选A“当你生气时，你应该练习

在回答问题之前先等一会儿”。

4．F 由空前一句“We all know people who complain all the time...of others”

和空后的“Nothing is ever going well for them”可知，那些喜欢抱怨的人抱怨得越多，

他们就越不招人喜欢，F 选项中的 they 指的就是那些爱抱怨的人。

5．D 最后一段的主题是“在说话之前要三思”。根据空前的“Do think before you

speak”和空后一句“It is useless regretting(后悔是没有用的)”可知，选 D 项。

七选五

Bedtime problems improve kids’ math performance

If a school child’s parents replace a bedtime story with a math discussion,

the child’s math skills may improve markedly, a new study shows.

1 ＂I

think it’s a fantastic study,＂ says James Stigler, an educational psychologist at the University of California.

2

Some parents think that to help their children develop academically

they should read to them. Some parents understand that a little bedtime math is helpful.

3

The experiment was made by Beilock, psychologist Susan Levine, and some

colleagues at the University of Chicago. Four hundred and twenty families were told to let the children use an app called Bedtime Math. Another 167 families were

instructed to use a reading app. With a standardized test, the researchers assessed

all the subjects’ math performance at the beginning and end of the school year.

Not surprisingly, the use of the reading app made little difference to the

children’s math performance.

4 Children who used Bedtime Math two or more

times per week did better than those whose family rarely used it. Why the technique was so effective remains to be determined.

5

A. Educational experts generally applaud the new work.

B. As for this, opinions vary from parents to parents.

C. In contrast, a little bedtime math had a significant effect.

D. Some parents think that it’s good to do nothing before going to bed.

E. To evaluate the effects of a little bedtime math, they made an experiment.

F. No one thinks it has any significant effect except the educational

psychologists.

G. But Beilock says she thinks the key is talking to your child about math.

【文章大意】本文为说明文，主要介绍了睡前做数学方面的练习对孩子在数学方面的表

现的影响及一个相关实验。

1.A 【解析】A 项概括性地介绍了教育专家的态度，＂I think it’s a ...＂是一个实例，

两者衔接自然。

2.B 【解析】空格后的两个句子从相对的角度对父母的看法进行了说明，故选 B。

3.E 【解析】空格所在段落介绍的是为了评估睡前做数学方面的练习对孩子的影响所设计

的＂实验＂，故选 E。且 E 项中的 experiment 与空格后的 experiment 相照应。