专题01 名词与冠词

014高考英语 黄金易错点专题汇编 专题01 名词与冠词

1． As the world's population continues to grow, the ________ of food becomes more and more of a concern.

A．worth B．supply C．package D．list

2． Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with ________. A．curiosity

B．satisfaction

C．envy D． patience

3． Currently, many American women are still faced with the ________ of choosing between work and family commitments.

A．desperation C．dilemma

B．confusion

D．concern

4． Some students think they enjoy reading just out of interest, but others argue that a better score is their main ________.

A．recognition

B．attraction

C．occupation D．motivation 5．—What does PM2.5 mean?

—It's a professional ________ indicating the condition of air pollution. A．term B．item C．number D．mark

6． India attained ________ independence in 1947, after ________ long struggle. A．不填； a B．the; a C．an；不填 D．an; the

7． Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and ________ break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.

A．a；a

B．the；the

D．a；不填

C．不填；the

8．It was ________ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across

________ night sky.

A．不填；a

B．a; the

C．the; a D．the; 不填

10． The “Chinese Dream” is ________ dream to improve people's well­being and ________ dream of harmony, peace and development.

A．the；a B．a；a C．a；the D．the；the

易错起源1 望词生义

例1． (2013·天津，7)While she was in Paris, she developed a ________ for

fine art.

A．way B．relation C．taste

D．habit

同义词、近义词甚至是形近词有着不同的含义和适用场合，要特别注意在特定语境中准确运用词汇和语法知识的能力。平时要努力扩大词汇量，做题时要深入理解语境，整体把握，结合句意作出最佳选择。

taste意为“味道，味觉”，还可引申为“爱好，志趣”。 易错起源2 误用零冠词

例2、I found myself talking to ________ Zhu Jun! Not ________ Zhu Jun from CCTV, of course, but someone with the same name.

A．不填；the C．the；不填

B．the；a D．不填；a

1．用于表示泛指或一般意义的物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词、复数名词等之前。 Knowledge begins with practice. 知识从实践开始。

Teachers should be respected. 教师应该受到尊重。

2．东、西方都有的节日名称前不用冠词，如：New Year's Day, Christmas, National Day, Army Day等；但中国的节日一般用定冠词，如：the Spring Festival, the Mid­Autumn Festival等。

3．月份、日期前一般不用冠词，如：in October, on March 8等。 4．三餐名词前不用冠词，如：have breakfast/lunch/dinner等。

但有定语修饰时需加不定冠词，如：have a big breakfast，have a wonderful lunch等。

5．表示体育运动的名词前不用冠词，如：play football/cards/chess等；但乐器名词前需加定冠词，如：play the violin/the piano等。

6．用于作表语、补足语、同位语的唯一职位名词前。 John is captain of the team. 约翰是这个队的队长。

They elected him president of the society. 他们选他为协会会长。

7．用于表示“变成”的turn后、作表语的单数名词前。 He was a teacher before he turned writer. 他成为作家之前是教师。

8．用于让步状语从句倒装的单数可数名词前。

Child as he is (＝Although he is a child), he knows a lot. 他虽然是个孩子，但懂得很多。

9．用于某些用介词by构成的表方式的短语中。 by bus 乘公共汽车 by plane/by air 乘飞机 by land 走陆路 by sea 走海路 by phone 用电话 by letter 用信件 by post 用邮寄 by hand 用手工 10．用于某些主格结构中。

The teacher came in, book in hand (＝with a book in his hand)． 老师走了进来，手里拿着书。

冠词运用一定要注意语境。

易错起源3 序数词、比较级、最高级前误用定冠词

例3．His English is ________ second to none. And he is going to learn ________

second language in ________ second grade.

A．/；a；the C．/；the；a

B．the；the；a D．a；the；the

1．泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个。 A teacher shouldn't talk like that. 教师不应当那样讲话。

2．用于序数词前表示“又一”“再一”。用于形容词最高级前意为 “很，非常”。 We'll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次。 He is a most wise man. 他是一个十分明智的人。 3．用于具体化了的抽象名词前。 He was a success in business. 他是事业成功人士。

4．在专有名词前表示“某一个”“类似的一个”。 A Mr. Smith wants to see you. 一位史密斯先生想见你。

5．用于of短语中表示“同一”(＝the same)。 Tom and Kate are of an age. 汤姆与凯特同岁。

在不确定第一空的情况下，考生容易误选D项。原因在于认为序数词前要使用定冠词。

1.—Would you do me a favor to choose a wedding dress? —Of course, but it is a matter of personal ________.

A．concern B．sense

C．style D．taste

2.Computer power now allows automatic searches of fingerprint files to match a print at a crime ________.

A．field B．scene C．location D．occasion

3.These overseas students who are studying in our college show great ________ for learning a new language.

A．enthusiasm B．authority C．symptom

D．recreation

4.At the APEC Summit held in Yokohama, Japan, Asia­Pacific leaders addressed ________ over global growth, regional economic development and emerging markets.

A．concerns B．careers C．adaption D．recognition

5.The ________ on driving after drinking alcohol is being carried out all over the country, which is helpful to reduce traffic accidents.

A．withdrawal B．prejudice C．aim

D．ban

6.If we do not deal with ________ problem caused by air pollution, our planet may no longer be ________ healthy place for us.

A．a; the B．a; a C．the; a D．the; the

7.________ freezing snow, which is still heavy, will come to ________ end this weekend.

A．/; an B．The; / C．The; an D．An; the

8.—How about ________ job you were offered last week?

—Not so bad, but I ran into difficulties at the very beginning. A．the

B．an

C．a D．不填

9.—What do you think about ________ blue dress in the shop window? —Oh, it's fantastic! It will make ________ perfect birthday present. A. a; a

B. the; a

C. a; the D. the; the

10.The royal wedding of William, ________ Britain's prince, and Kate, ________ ordinary girl, draws the worldwide attention.

A. /; an B. /; the C. the; the D. a; the

adaption “适合，适应”；recognition“认识，承认，认可”。易错选D。误解语境为“亚太领导人表达了他们对