高考英语阅读理解练习(14)(含解析)

2014高考英语阅读理解练习（14）及答案（解析）

A

(2011·昆明质检，A)

I recently heard a story about a famous research scientist who had made several very important medical achievements. A newspaper reporter interviewed him why he was able to be so much more creative than the average person. What set him so far apart from others?

He responded that it all came from an experience with his mother that occurred when he was about two years old. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he dropped the slippery bottle, spilling its contents all over the kitchen floor—a real sea of milk!

When his mother came into the kitchen，instead of shouting at him, giving him a lecture or punishing him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made! I have rarely seen such a huge pool of milk. Well, the damage has already been done. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up？”

Indeed, the boy did. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean it up and restore everything to its proper order. How would you like to do that? We could use a

sponge(海绵)，a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer？” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.

His mother then said，“You know，what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let's go out in the back yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can find a way to carry it without dropping it. ”The little boy learned that if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could make it. What a wonderful lesson!

This famous scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be afraid to make mistakes.

当记者采访一位富有创造性的杰出科学家为什么他与众不同时，这位科学家说这一切源于2岁时妈妈给他上的一课，从中我们可以意识到孩提时代的教育方法的重要性。

1．When the mother found the kitchen floor covered with milk, she ________.

A. gave the boy a lecture instead of shouting at him

B. praised the boy instead of punishing him

C. felt satisfied with the boy's trying to help himself

D. calmed down the boy and helped him find a way to clean the floor

答案：D。事实细节题。由第三、四、五段的内容可知，妈妈看到牛奶洒了一地后，首

先安慰那个男孩让他镇定下来，然后帮助他找到清洁地板的方法并找到最终解决怎样用一双小手拿稳瓶子的方法，故选D。

2．The child's experience resulted in the following BUT ________.

A. offering the boy a chance to grasp the bottle

B. benefiting the boy all his life

C. helping the boy be more creative

D. making the boy realize the mistake is of value

答案：A。推理判断题。由第一段和第二段可知当这位富有创造性的科学家被采访到他为何富有创造性时，他说起两岁时的一次经历可以推断出这件事启迪了他的创造性同时也使他终生受益可知B、C正确；由尾段可推知他通过这次经历意识到了错误的价值，故只有A项不是那次经历导致的结果，故答案选A。

3．According to the passage, the way the scientist's mother used is ________.

A. instructive B. strict

C. formal D. strange

答案：A。推理判断题。通读文章可知妈妈的方法具有教育性、启发性和指导意义。故选A。

4．The purpose of the passage is to show ________.

A. a usual way to cultivate a child B. a scientist's medical achievements

C. a mother's wise way of helping her child D. the advantages of making mistakes

答案：C。推理判断题。总览文章可知作者的目的和意图是展示妈妈帮助孩子的明智的方法，故选C。

C5 [2013·江西卷] D

One might expect that the ever－growing demands of the tourist trade would bring nothing but good for the countries that receive the holiday－makers. Indeed, a rosy picture is painted for the long－term future of the holiday industry. Every month sees the building of a new hotel somewhere. And every month another rock－bound Pacific island is advertised as the ‘last paradise(天堂) on earth’.

However, the scale and speed of this growth seem set to destroy the very things tourists want to enjoy. In those countries where there was a rush to make quick money out of sea－side holidays, over－crowded beaches and the concrete jungles of endless hotels have begun to lose their appeal.

Those countries with little experience of tourism can suffer most. In recent years, Nepal set out to attract foreign visitors to fund developments in health and

education. Its forests, full of wildlife and rare flowers, were offered to tourists as one more untouched paradise. In fact, the nature all too soon felt the effects of thousands of holiday－makers traveling through the forest land. Ancient tracks became major routes for the walkers, with the consequent exploitation of precious trees and plants.

Not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of tourism. The people as well rapidly feel its effects. Farmland makes way for hotels, roads and airports; the old way of life goes. The one－time farmer is now the servant of some multi－national organization; he is no longer his own master. Once it was his back that bore the pain; now it is his smile that is exploited. No doubt he wonders whether he wasn't happier in his village working his own land.

Thankfully, the tourist industry is waking up to the responsibilities it has towards those countries that receive its customers. The protection of wildlife and the creation of national parks go hand in hand with tourist development and in fact obtain financial support from tourist companies. At the same time, tourists are being encouraged to respect not only the countryside they visit but also its people.

The way tourism is handled in the next ten years will decide its fate and that of the countries we all want to visit. Their needs and problems are more important than those of the tourist companies. Increased understanding in planning world－wide tourism can preserve the market for these companies. If not, in a few years' time the very things that attract tourists now may well have been destroyed.

71．What does the author indicate in the last sentence of Paragraph 1?

A. The Pacific island is a paradise.

B. The Pacific island is worth visiting.

C. The advertisement is not convincing.

D. The advertisement is not impressive.

72．The example of Nepal is used to suggest ________．

A. its natural resources are untouched

B. its forests are exploited for farmland

C. it develops well in health and education

D. it suffers from the heavy flow of tourists

73．What can we learn about the farmers from Paragraph 4?

A. They are happy to work their own lands.

B. They have to please the tourists for a living.

C. They have to struggle for their independence.

D. They are proud of working in multi－national organizations.

74．Which of the following determines the future of tourism?

A. The number of tourists.

B. The improvement of services.

C. The promotion of new products.

D. The management of tourism.

75．The author's attitude towards the development of the tourist industry is ________．

A. optimistic B. doubtful

C. objective D. negative

【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了旅游业的发展对当地以及环境等方面的影响。

71. C 考查推理判断。由“Every month sees the building of a new hotel somewhere. And every month another rock－bound Pacific island is advertised as the ‘last paradise(天堂) on earth’．”可知每个月广告上不停地更换所谓的太平洋上某

个岛是“地球上最后的天堂”，由此可推出广告是不可信的，故选C项。

72. D 考查推理判断。由第三段第一、二句“Those countries with little experience of tourism can suffer most. In recent years, Nepal…”可知尼泊尔的例子是用来说明其受到旅游的负面影响。

73. B 考查推理判断。由第四段后几句“The one－time farmer is now the servant of some multi－national organization; he is no longer his own master. Once it was his back that bore the pain; now it is his smile that is exploited. No doubt he wonders whether he wasn't happier in his village working his own land.”曾经的农民成为了某些组织的仆人，自己不再主宰自己的生活，强颜欢笑来取悦游客谋生。

74. D 考查细节理解。由最后一段第一句“The way tourism is handled in the next ten years will decide its fate…”可知旅游业的管理决定其未来。

75. C 考查观点态度。综观全文可知，作者只是客观地介绍了旅游业发展的相关问题。

C4[2012·江西卷]

A Book Review — The Snake­Stone

by Berlie Doherty

The setting: Urban England (the cities), but also rural England (the countryside) including remote English villages.

The theme: The main theme is a teenage search of self­discovery, in this case the search for a mother from whom the hero was separated at an early age. Its other concerns are love, getting on with others ，being persistent and courageous and trying to deal with doubts, troubles and worries. As the book moves to a close, James' swimming coach says to him: ‘You are not like a kid obeying instructions any more. You are diving like a young man who knows where he is going.’

The characters: James is the hero of the story. He is a championship diver, and has a comfortable life with his foster parents(养父母)．Yet he also has the qualities to take him on a long journey to find his birth mother. The other characters in The

Snake­Stone, James' parents, his diving instructor, best friend, the villagers, people

he meets on his journey, are pictured realistically.

The turning point：The turning point in the story comes while James' foster parents are away in London, and he wonders about the identity of his birth mother. The only clue he has is a fossil, ‘the snake stone’ which she left behind along with a note on which she had written，‘Take good care of Sammie.’ It was written on a torn envelope with parts of an address still there.

The journey：Instead of going to London, James decides to find his birth mother. With help from his geography teacher, James sets out for the remote country village where his mother might be found. James has painful, challenging, but also humorous and happy travels. The mother he finally meets, Anne, has a minor yet powerful voice in the novel. He comes to understand why she left him at a stranger's door fifteen years before. Although the meeting is not long, it leaves him with a

feeling of completeness. As a journey of self­discovery The Snake­Stone also provides its readers with a happy ending. Its hero says, on returning to his foster parents, ‘I was home.’

61. What is the main theme of the novel?

A. Life with foster parents.

B. Life in the world of diving.

C. A journey of self­discovery.

D. A travel around the country.

62. What do the coach's words in Paragraph 2 suggest?

A. James is a successful diver.

B. James is a hopeful swimmer.

C. James is an outgoing young man.

D. James is an independent young man.

63. The snake stone in the novel is________.

A. a stone with an address on it

B. a clue left by the birth mother

C. a gift from the swimming coach

D. a fossil left by the foster parents

. Which of the following is true about the novel?

A. The story has a sad ending.

B. The story takes place in the city of London.

C. The characters are vividly described.

D. The turning point comes after the hero meets his birth mother.

65. It can be concluded that James' journey is ________.

A. worthwhile B. boring

C. comfortable D. disappointing

【要点综述】本文为一篇应用文，主要介绍了一本书的背景、主题、人物、故事的转折点以及人物的旅途等信息。

61. C 细节理解题。由第二段第一句“The main theme is a teenage search of self­discovery…”可知本书的主题是自我发现的旅程。

62. D 推理判断题。由第二段教练的话“You are not like a kid obeying instructions any more. You are diving like a young man who knows where he is going.”可知詹姆斯不像小孩，而是像一个知道自己方向的年轻人，由此可推断出他是一个的年轻人。

63. B 细节理解题。由第四段“The only clue he has is a fossil, ‘the snake stone’ which she left behind along with a note on…with parts of an address still there.”的叙述可知这块石头是他亲生母亲留下的线索。

. C 细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“…are pictured realistically.”可知故事逼真地介绍了里面的角色。vividly与realistically意思一致。

65. A 推理判断题。由最后一段第三句“James has painful, challenging, but also humorous and happy travels.”及全文叙述可知詹姆斯的旅途是值得的。

C5 [2013·辽宁卷] D

“Indeed，”George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.” But the father of America was not the father of bug.When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning－bug(萤火虫)．But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and

twentieth centuries.

The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity.Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.

Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug－shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install(安装) an alarm”. Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others' conversations.Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant“to cheat”， and since the 1940s it has been annoying.

We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design.That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison.In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product.In 18 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a bug’ in his invented record player.”

68．We learn from Paragraph 1 that ________．

A．Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug

B．George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug

C．the word bug was still popularly used in England in the nineteenth century

D．both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century

69．What does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A．Explanation. B．Finding.

C．Origin. D．Fault.

70．The passage is mainly concerned with ________．

A．the misunderstanding of the word bug

B．the development of the word bug

C．the public views of the word bug

D．the special characteristics of the word bug

【要点综述】 本文是说明文，主要讲单词bug在意义上的发展变化。

68．D 推理判断题。根据“在1785，华盛顿在日记中使用bug”和“在19和20世纪，英国人停止使用bug”，说明这两国人在18世纪都使用过bug这个词。

69．D 词义猜测题。根据“爱迪生把它解释为小问题或困难”可知，fault和flaw意思相近。

70．B 主旨大意题。文章讲述了bug在意义上的发展。