SectionI
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
Thehumannoseisanunderratedtool.Humansareoftenthoughttobeinsensitivesmellerscomparedwithanimals,because,
2perceivingthosesmellswhichfloatthroughtheair,whichsticktosurfaces.Infact,are
85donotgenerallyrealizeit.Ournosesarecapableof
tofarbelowonepartinonemillion.9othersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers.Thismaybe
10smell
741thisislargely
3to
themajorityofsmells
6weanimals,westandupright.Thismeansthatournosesare
,weareextremelysensitivetosmells,
UseofEnglish
humansmellsevenwhenthese
Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnotanother,
becausesomepeopledonothavethegenesnecessarytogeneratesendenough.
Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatthebrainfindsit
14tokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetimebutcan
161715newreceptorsif
necessary.Thismayhouse,butwe
18explainwhywearenotusuallysensitivetoourown
oftheusualsmellofourown
20the
11receptorsinthenose.Thesereceptorsarethecellswhichsensesmellsand
tothebrain.However,ithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitiveto12cansuddenlybecomesensitivetoitwhen
13toitoften
acertainsmell
smells–wesimplydonotneedtobe.Wearenotbesttokeepsmellreceptors
19newsmellswhenwevisitsomeoneelse’s.Thebrainfindsit
forunfamiliarandemergencysignals
smellofsmoke,whichmightindicatethedangeroffire.1.[A]although2.[A]above3.[A]limited4.[A]catching
[B]as[B]unlike[B]committed[B]ignoring
英语试题.1.[C]but[C]excluding[C]dedicated[C]missing
（共14页）[D]while[D]besides[D]confined[D]tracking
5.[A]anyway6.[A]evenif7.[A]distinguishing8.[A]diluted9.[A]when10.[A]unusual11.[A]signs12.[A]atfirst13.[A]subjected14.[A]ineffective15.[A]introduce16.[A]still17.[A]sure18.[A]tolerate19.[A]available20.[A]similarto
[B]though[B]ifonly[B]discovering[B]dissolved[B]since[B]particular[B]stimuli[B]atall[B]left[B]incompetent[B]summon[B]also[B]sick[B]repel[B]reliable[B]suchas
[C]instead[C]onlyif[C]determining[C]dispersed[C]for[C]unique[C]messages[C]atlarge[C]drawn[C]inefficient[C]trigger[C]otherwise[C]aware[C]neglect[C]identifiable[C]alongwith
[D]therefore[D]asif[D]detecting[D]diffused[D]whereas[D]typical[D]impulses[D]attimes[D]exposed[D]insufficient[D]create[D]nevertheless[D]tired[D]notice[D]suitable[D]asidefrom
SectionII
PartADirections:
ReadingComprehension
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
英语试题.2.（共14页）Text1
Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.Suchbehaviourisregardedas“alltoohuman”,withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance.ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey,aswell.
Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviouroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodreadily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.
SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan’sandDr.deWaal’sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviourbecamemarkedlydifferent.
Intheworldofcapuchinsgrapesareluxurygoods(andmuchpreferabletocucumbers).Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.Indeed,themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber(withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit)wasenoughtoinduceresentmentinafemalecapuchin.
Theresearcherssuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,areguidedbysocialemotions.Inthewild,theyareaco-operative,group-livingspecies.Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofrighteousindignation,itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.Refusingalesserrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingsabundantlycleartoothermembersofthegroup.However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.
英语试题.3.（共14页）21.Intheopeningparagraph,theauthorintroduceshistopicby
[A]posingacontrast.
[B]justifyinganassumption.[C]makingacomparison.[D]explainingaphenomenon.
22.Thestatement“itisalltoomonkey”(Lastline,Paragraphl)impliesthat
[A]monkeysarealsooutragedbyslackrivals.[B]resentingunfairnessisalsomonkeys’nature.
[C]monkeys,likehumans,tendtobejealousofeachother.[D]noanimalsotherthanmonkeyscandevelopsuchemotions.23.Femalecapuchinmonkeyswerechosenfortheresearchmostprobably
becausetheyare
[A]moreinclinedtoweighwhattheyget.[B]attentivetoresearchers’instructions.
[C]niceinbothappearanceandtemperament.[D]moregenerousthantheirmalecompanions.
24.Dr.BrosnanandDr.deWaalhaveeventuallyfoundintheirstudythatthemonkeys
[A]prefergrapestocucumbers.
[B]canbetaughttoexchangethings.
[C]willnotbeco-operativeiffeelingcheated.[D]areunhappywhenseparatedfromothers.25.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?
[A]Monkeyscanbetrainedtodevelopsocialemotions.[B]Humanindignationevolvedfromanuncertainsource.[C]Animalsusuallyshowtheirfeelingsopenlyashumansdo.[D]Cooperationamongmonkeysremainsstableonlyinthewild.
英语试题.4.（共14页）Text2
Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn’tknowforsure?Thattheevidencewasinconclusive,thescienceuncertain?Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway?LotsofAmericansboughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves.
Thereareupsettingparallelstoday,asscientistsinonewaveafteranothertrytoawakenustothegrowingthreatofglobalwarming.ThelatestwasapanelfromtheNationalAcademyofSciences,enlistedbytheWhiteHouse,totellusthattheEarth’satmosphereisdefinitelywarmingandthattheproblemislargelyman-made.Theclearmessageisthatweshouldgetmovingtoprotectourselves.ThepresidentoftheNationalAcademy,BruceAlberts,addedthiskeypointintheprefacetothepanel’sreport:“Scienceneverhasalltheanswers.Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture,anditiscriticalthatournationandtheworldbaseimportantpoliciesonthebestjudgmentsthatsciencecanprovideconcerningthefutureconsequencesofpresentactions.”
Justasonsmoking,voicesnowcomefrommanyquartersinsistingthatthescienceaboutglobalwarmingisincomplete,thatit’sOKtokeeppouringfumesintotheairuntilweknowforsure.Thisisadangerousgame:bythetime100percentoftheevidenceisin,itmaybetoolate.Withtherisksobviousandgrowing,aprudentpeoplewouldtakeoutaninsurancepolicynow.
Fortunately,theWhiteHouseisstartingtopayattention.Butit’sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident’sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarmingseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch–aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis”.Toserveasresponsiblestewardsoftheplanet,wemustpressforwardondeeperatmosphericandoceanicresearch.Butresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwon’ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.AbillbyDemocraticSenatorRobertByrdofWestVirginia,whichwouldofferfinancialincentivesforprivateindustry,isapromisingstart.Manyseethatthecountryisgettingreadytobuildlotsofnewpowerplantstomeetourenergyneeds.Ifweareevergoingtoprotecttheatmosphere,itiscrucialthatthosenewplantsbeenvironmentallysound.
英语试题.5.（共14页）微信公众号-世纪高教在线-回复关键词-黄皮书领课-即可免费学习考研英语各题型解题技巧
本资料由微信公众号-世纪高教在线-整理并免费分享 答案解析请参考-考研英语黄皮书
26.Anargumentmadebysupportersofsmokingwasthat
[A]therewasnoscientificevidenceofthecorrelationbetweensmokinganddeath.[B]thenumberofearlydeathsofsmokersinthepastdecadeswasinsignificant.[C]peoplehadthefreedomtochoosetheirownwayoflife.[D]antismokingpeoplewereusuallytalkingnonsense.27.AccordingtoBruceAlberts,sciencecanserveas
[A]aprotector.[B]ajudge.[C]acritic.[D]aguide.
28.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“paralysisbyanalysis”(Lastline,Paragraph4)?
[A]Endlessstudieskillaction.[B]Carefulinvestigationrevealstruth.[C]Prudentplanninghindersprogress.[D]Extensiveresearchhelpsdecision-making.
29.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldtheAdministrationdoaboutglobalwarming?
[A]Offeraidtobuildcleanerpowerplants.[B]Raisepublicawarenessofconservation.[C]Pressforfurtherscientificresearch.[D]Takesomelegislativemeasures.
30.Theauthorassociatestheissueofglobalwarmingwiththatofsmokingbecause
[A]theybothsufferedfromthegovernment’snegligence.[B]alessonfromthelatterisapplicabletotheformer.[C]theoutcomeofthelatteraggravatestheformer.[D]bothofthemhaveturnedfrombadtoworse.
英语试题.6.（共14页）Text3
Ofallthecomponentsofagoodnight’ssleep,dreamsseemtobeleastwithinourcontrol.Indreams,awindowopensintoaworldwherelogicissuspendedanddeadpeoplespeak.Acenturyago,Freudformulatedhisrevolutionarytheorythatdreamswerethedisguisedshadowsofourunconsciousdesiresandfears;bythelate1970s,neurologistshadswitchedtothinkingofthemasjust“mentalnoise”–therandombyproductsoftheneural-repairworkthatgoesonduringsleep.Nowresearcherssuspectthatdreamsarepartofthemind’semotionalthermostat,regulatingmoodswhilethebrainis“off-line.”Andoneleadingauthoritysaysthattheseintenselypowerfulmentaleventscanbenotonlyharnessedbutactuallybroughtunderconsciouscontrol,tohelpussleepandfeelbetter.“It’syourdream,”saysRosalindCartwright,chairofpsychologyatChicago’sMedicalCenter.“Ifyoudon’tlikeit,changeit.”
Evidencefrombrainimagingsupportsthisview.ThebrainisasactiveduringREM(rapideyemovement)sleep–whenmostvividdreamsoccur–asitiswhenfullyawake,saysDr.EricNofzingerattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Butnotallpartsofthebrainareequallyinvolved;thelimbicsystem(the“emotionalbrain”)isespeciallyactive,whiletheprefrontalcortex(thecenterofintellectandreasoning)isrelativelyquiet.“Wewakeupfromdreamshappyordepressed,andthosefeelingscanstaywithusallday.”saysStanfordsleepresearcherDr.WilliamDement.
ThelinkbetweendreamsandemotionsshowsupamongthepatientsinCartwright’sclinic.Mostpeopleseemtohavemorebaddreamsearlyinthenight,progressingtowardhappieronesbeforeawakening,suggestingthattheyareworkingthroughnegativefeelingsgeneratedduringtheday.Becauseourconsciousmindisoccupiedwithdailylifewedon’talwaysthinkabouttheemotionalsignificanceoftheday’sevents–until,itappears,webegintodream.
Andthisprocessneednotbelefttotheunconscious.Cartwrightbelievesonecanexerciseconsciouscontroloverrecurringbaddreams.Assoonasyouawaken,identifywhatisupsettingaboutthedream.Visualizehowyouwouldlikeittoendinstead;thenexttimeitoccurs,trytowakeupjustenoughtocontrolitscourse.Withmuchpracticepeoplecanlearnto,literally,doitintheirsleep.
Attheendoftheday,there’sprobablylittlereasontopayattentiontoourdreamsatallunlesstheykeepusfromsleepingor“wewakeupinapanic,”Cartwrightsays.Terrorism,economicuncertaintiesandgeneralfeelingsofinsecurityhaveincreasedpeople’sanxiety.Thosesufferingfrompersistentnightmaresshouldseekhelpfromatherapist.Fortherestofus,thebrainhasitswaysofworkingthroughbadfeelings.Sleep–orratherdream–onitandyou’llfeelbetterinthemorning.
英语试题.7.（共14页）31.Researchershavecometobelievethatdreams
[A]canbemodifiedintheircourses.[B]aresusceptibletoemotionalchanges.[C]reflectourinnermostdesiresandfears.[D]arearandomoutcomeofneuralrepairs.
32.Byreferringtothelimbicsystem,theauthorintendstoshow
[A]itsfunctioninourdreams.[B]themechanismofREMsleep.[C]therelationofdreamstoemotions.[D]itsdifferencefromtheprefrontalcortex.33.Thenegativefeelingsgeneratedduringthedaytendto
[A]aggravateinourunconsciousmind.[B]developintohappydreams.[C]persisttillthetimewefallasleep.[D]showupindreamsearlyatnight.34.Cartwrightseemstosuggestthat
[A]wakingupintimeisessentialtotheriddingofbaddreams.[B]visualizingbaddreamshelpsbringthemundercontrol.[C]dreamsshouldbelefttotheirnaturalprogression.[D]dreamingmaynotentirelybelongtotheunconscious.
35.WhatadvicemightCartwrightgivetothosewhosometimeshavebaddreams?
[A]Leadyourlifeasusual.[B]Seekprofessionalhelp.[C]Exerciseconsciouscontrol.[D]Avoidanxietyinthedaytime.
英语试题.8.（共14页）Text4
Americansnolongerexpectpublicfigures,whetherinspeechorinwriting,tocommandtheEnglishlanguagewithskillandgift.Nordotheyaspiretosuchcommandthemselves.Inhislatestbook,DoingOurOwnThing:TheDegradationofLanguageandMusicandWhyWeShouldLike,Care,JohnMcWhorter,alinguistandcontroversialistofmixedliberalandconservativeviews,seesthetriumphof1960scounter-cultureasresponsibleforthedeclineofformalEnglish.
Blamingthepermissive1960sisnothingnew,butthisisnotyetanothercriticismagainstthedeclineineducation.Mr.McWhorter’sacademicspecialityislanguagehistoryandchange,andheseesthegradualdisappearanceof“whom”,forexample,tobenaturalandnomoreregrettablethanthelossofthecase-endingsofOldEnglish.
Butthecultoftheauthenticandthepersonal,“doingourownthing”,hasspeltthedeathofformalspeech,writing,poetryandmusic.Whileeventhemodestlyeducatedsoughtanelevatedtonewhentheyputpentopaperbeforethe1960s,eventhemostwellregardedwritingsincethenhassoughttocapturespokenEnglishonthepage.Equally,inpoetry,thehighlypersonal,performativegenreistheonlyformthatcouldclaimrealliveliness.InbothoralandwrittenEnglish,talkingistriumphingoverspeaking,spontaneityovercraft.
Illustratedwithanentertainingarrayofexamplesfrombothhighandlowculture,thetrendthatMr.McWhorterdocumentsisunmistakable.Butitislessclear,totakethequestionofhissubtitle,whyweshould,like,care.Asalinguist,heacknowledgesthatallvarietiesofhumanlanguage,includingnon-standardoneslikeBlackEnglish,canbepowerfullyexpressive–thereexistsnolanguageordialectintheworldthatcannotconveycomplexideas.Heisnotarguing,asmanydo,thatwecannolongerthinkstraightbecausewedonottalkproper.
Russianshaveadeeplovefortheirownlanguageandcarrylargechunksofmemorizedpoetryintheirheads,whileItalianpoliticianstendtoelaboratespeechthatwouldseemold-fashionedtomostEnglish-speakers.Mr.McWhorteracknowledgesthatformallanguageisnotstrictlynecessary,andproposesnoradicaleducationreforms–heisreallygrievingoverthelossofsomethingbeautifulmorethanuseful.WenowtakeourEnglish“onpaperplatesinsteadofchina”.Ashame,perhaps,butprobablyaninevitableone.
英语试题.9.（共14页） 36.AccordingtoMcWhorter,thedeclineofformalEnglish
[A]isinevitableinradicaleducationreforms.[B]isbutalltoonaturalinlanguagedevelopment.[C]hascausedthecontroversyoverthecounter-culture.[D]broughtaboutchangesinpublicattitudesinthe1960s.37.Theword“talking”(Line6,Paragraph3)denotes
[A]modesty.[B]personality.[C]liveliness.[D]informality.
38.TowhichofthefollowingstatementswouldMcWhortermostlikelyagree?
[A]Logicalthinkingisnotnecessarilyrelatedtothewaywetalk.[B]BlackEnglishcanbemoreexpressivethanstandardEnglish.[C]Non-standardvarietiesofhumanlanguagearejustasentertaining.[D]Ofallthevarieties,standardEnglishcanbestconveycomplexideas.39.ThedescriptionofRussians’loveofmemorizingpoetryshowstheauthor’s
[A]interestintheirlanguage.[B]appreciationoftheirefforts.[C]admirationfortheirmemory.[D]contemptfortheirold-fashionedness.
40.Accordingtothelastparagraph,“paperplates”isto“china”as
[A]“temporary”isto“permanent”.[B]“radical”isto“conservative”.[C]“functional”isto“artistic”.[D]“humble”isto“noble”.
英语试题.10.（共14页）PartB
Directions:
Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
Canada’spremiers(theleadersofprovincialgovernments),iftheyhaveanybreathleftaftercomplainingaboutOttawaattheirlateJulyannualmeeting,mightspareamomenttodosomething,together,toreducehealth-carecosts.
They’reallgroaningaboutsoaringhealthbudgets,thefastest-growingcomponentofwhicharepharmaceuticalcosts.
(41)____________________
Whattodo?BoththeRomanowcommissionandtheKirbycommitteeonhealthcare–tosaynothingofreportsfromotherexperts–recommendedthecreationofanationaldrugagency.Insteadofeachprovincehavingitsownlistofapproveddrugs,bureaucracy,proceduresandlimitedbargainingpower,allwouldpoolresources,workwithOttawa,andcreateanationalinstitution.
(42)____________________
But“national”doesn’thavetomeanthat.“National”couldmeaninterprovincial–provincescombiningeffortstocreateonebody.
Eitherway,onebenefitofa“national”organizationwouldbetonegotiatebetterprices,ifpossible,withdrugmanufacturers.Insteadofhavingoneprovince–oraseriesofhospitalswithinaprovince–negotiateapriceforagivendrugontheprovinciallist,thenationalagencywouldnegotiateonbehalfofallprovinces.
Ratherthan,say,Quebec,negotiatingonbehalfofsevenmillionpeople,thenationalagencywouldnegotiateonbehalfof31millionpeople.Basiceconomicssuggeststhegreaterthepotentialconsumers,thehigherthelikelihoodofabetterprice.
(43)___________________
AsmallstephasbeentakeninthedirectionofanationalagencywiththecreationoftheCanadianCo-ordinatingOfficeforHealthTechnologyAssessment,fundedbyOttawaandtheprovinces.Underit,aCommonDrugReviewrecommendstoprovinciallistswhichnewdrugsshouldbeincluded.Predictably,andregrettably,Quebecrefusedtojoin.
Afewpremiersaresuspiciousofanyfederal-provincialdeal-making.They(particularlyQuebecandAlberta)justwantOttawatoforkoveradditionalbillionswithfew,ifany,stringsattached.That’sonereasonwhytheideaofanationallisthasn’tgoneanywhere,whiledrugcostskeeprisingfast.
英语试题.11.（共14页） (44)____________________
PremierslovetoquoteMr.Romanow’sreportselectively,especiallythepartsaboutmorefederalmoney.Perhapstheyshouldreadwhathehadtosayaboutdrugs：“Anationaldrugagencywouldprovidegovernmentsmoreinfluenceonpharmaceuticalcompaniesinordertotrytoconstraintheever-increasingcostofdrugs.”
(45)____________________
SowhenthepremiersgatherinNiagaraFallstoassembletheirusualcomplaintlist,theyshouldalsogetcrackingaboutsomethingintheirjurisdictionthatwouldhelptheirbudgetsandpatients.
[A]Quebec’sresistancetoanationalagencyisprovincialistideology.Oneofthefirst
advocatesforanationallistwasaresearcheratLavalUniversity.Quebec’sDrugInsuranceFundhasseenitscostsskyrocketwithannualincreasesfrom14.3percentto26.8percent![B]OrtheycouldreadMr.Kirby’sreport:“Thesubstantialbuyingpowerof
suchanagencywouldstrengthenthepublicprescription-druginsuranceplanstonegotiatethelowestpossiblepurchasepricesfromdrugcompanies.”[C]Whatdoes“national”mean?RoyRomanowandSenatorMichaelKirby
recommendedafederal-provincialbodymuchliketherecentlycreatedNationalHealthCouncil.[D]Theproblemissimpleandstark:health-carecostshavebeen,are,andwill
continuetoincreasefasterthangovernmentrevenues.[E]AccordingtotheCanadianInstituteforHealthInformation,prescriptiondrug
costshaverisensince1997attwicetherateofoverallhealth-carespending.Partoftheincreasecomesfromdrugsbeingusedtoreplaceotherkindsoftreatments.Partofitarisesfromnewdrugscostingmorethanolderkinds.Partofitishigherprices.[F]So,iftheprovinceswanttorunthehealth-careshow,theyshouldprovetheycan
runit,startingwithaninterprovincialhealthlistthatwouldendduplication,saveadministrativecosts,preventoneprovincefrombeingplayedoffagainstanother,andbargainforbetterdrugprices.[G]Ofcourse,thepharmaceuticalcompanieswillscream.Theylikedividedbuyers;
theycanlobbybetterthatway.Theycanusethethreatofremovingjobsfromoneprovincetoanother.Theycanhopethat,ifoneprovinceincludesadrugonitslist,thepressurewillcauseotherstoincludeitontheirs.Theywouldn’tlikeanationalagency,butself-interestwouldleadthemtodealwithit.
英语试题.12.（共14页）PartC
Directions:
ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)
ItisnoteasytotalkabouttheroleofthemassmediainthisoverwhelminglysignificantphaseinEuropeanhistory.Historyandnewsbecomeconfused,andone’simpressionstendtobeamixtureofskepticismandoptimism.(46)Televisionisoneofthemeansbywhichthesefeelingsarecreatedandconveyed–andperhapsneverbeforehasitservedsomuchtoconnectdifferentpeoplesandnationsasintherecenteventsinEurope.TheEuropethatisnowformingcannotbeanythingotherthanitspeoples,theirculturesandnationalidentities.WiththisinmindwecanbegintoanalyzetheEuropeantelevisionscene.(47)InEurope,aselsewhere,multi-mediagroupshavebeenincreasinglysuccessful;groupswhichbringtogethertelevision,radio,newspapers,magazinesandpublishinghousesthatworkinrelationtooneanother.OneItalianexamplewouldbetheBerlusconigroup,whileabroadMaxwellandMurdochcometomind.
Clearly,onlythebiggestandmostflexibletelevisioncompaniesaregoingtobeabletocompeteinsucharichandhotly-contestedmarket.(48)Thisalonedemonstratesthatthetelevisionbusinessisnotaneasyworldtosurvivein,afactunderlinedbystatisticsthatshowthatoutofeightyEuropeantelevisionnetworks,nolessthan50%tookalossin1989.Moreover,theintegrationoftheEuropeancommunitywillobligetelevisioncompaniestocooperatemorecloselyintermsofbothproductionanddistribution.
(49)Creatinga“Europeanidentity”thatrespectsthedifferentculturesandtraditionswhichgotomakeuptheconnectingfabricoftheOldContinentisnoeasytaskanddemandsastrategicchoice–thatofproducingprogramsinEuropeforEurope.ThisentailsreducingourdependenceontheNorthAmericanmarket,whoseprogramsrelatetoexperiencesandculturaltraditionswhicharedifferentfromourown.
Inordertoachievetheseobjectives,wemustconcentratemoreonco-productions,theexchangeofnews,documentaryservicesandtraining.ThisalsoinvolvestheagreementsbetweenEuropeancountriesforthecreationofaEuropeanbankforTelevisionProductionwhich,onthemodeloftheEuropeanInvestmentsBank,willhandlethefinancesnecessaryforproductioncosts.(50)Indealingwithachallengeonsuchascale,itisnoexaggerationtosay,“Unitedwestand,dividedwefall”–andifIhadtochooseasloganitwouldbe“Unityinourdiversity.”Aunityofobjectivesthatnonethelessrespectthevariedpeculiaritiesofeachcountry.
英语试题.13.（共14页）SectionIII
PartA51.Directions:
Writing
TwomonthsagoyougotajobasaneditorforthemagazineDesigns&Fashions.Butnowyoufindthattheworkisnotwhatyouexpected.Youdecidetoquit.Writealettertoyourboss,Mr.Wang,tellinghimyourdecision,statingyourreason(s),andmakinganapology.
Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing”instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)
PartB52.Directions:
Writeanessayof160–200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshouldfirstdescribethedrawing,theninterpretitsmeaning,andgiveyourcommentonit.
YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)
英语试题.14.（共14页）Section Ⅰ Use of English
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.D 10.B11.C 12.A 13.D 14.C 15.D 16.B 17.C 18.D 19.A 20.BSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart A
Text 1 21.C 22.B 23.A 24.C 25.BText 2 26.C 27.D 28.A 29.D 30.BText 3 31.A 32.C 33.D 34.D 35.AText 4 36.B 37.D 38.A 39.B 40.CPart B
41.E 42.C 43.G 44.F 45.B
Part C
46.电视是引发并传达这些情绪的方式之一，在加强不同民族和国家间的联系方面，或许它从未像在近来欧洲事务中那样起过如此大的作用。47.同其他地方一样，欧洲的传媒集团蒸蒸日上，这些集团把相互联系的电视、广播、报纸、杂志及出版社等媒体联合到一起。
48.仅此就足以表明，在电视行业里生存并不容易，统计数字更印证了这个事实：1989年，在80家欧洲电视网中，一半以上出现亏损。
49.不同的文化和传统把欧洲大陆编织成一体，要创造出一种尊重这些不同文化和传统的“欧洲品牌”绝非易事，需要人们做出战略性的选择。50.要应付如此规模的挑战,可以毫不夸张地说，“团结擎天散如沙”。Section Ⅲ Writing51.见分析52.见分析
2005年全真试题答案
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容