高中英语复习主语从句、表语从句专项练习

C

That the success of humans as a species depends to a large extent on our ability to cooperate in groups is widely believed. Much more so than any other animal, people are able to coordinate and join their forces and actions to produce mutual benefits. New research involving Dr Molleman, an expert at the University of Nottingham, suggests that successful cooperation in groups depends on how people gather information about their peers, and how they base their cooperative decisions on it. Biologists wonder how cooperation could have developed by natural selection: it is puzzling how cooperation can be beneficial when it is possible to behave selfishly and take advantage of the cooperative efforts of your group. Psychologists and economists try hard to understand why many people are willing to sacrifice their own welfare to benefit their social environment. They asked questions like “How do people make decisions when their actions can affect the welfare of others?” “How people determine their behavior when they have to cooperate in groups?”.

Dr Pieter Van Den Berg from the University of Groningen said, “From previous research we know that some people are ‘majority-oriented (以……为中心)’ and tend to look at the behavior of the majority in their group, whereas others are ‘success-oriented’ and try to find out what kind of behavior pays off best for themselves.”

Dr Molleman, from the center of the Decision Research and Experimental Economics, said, “It turns out that behavior in groups of success-oriented people was much more selfish than it in groups of majority-oriented people. As a consequence, the people in the majority-oriented groups tended to cam more money in the experiment since they cooperated more.” 28. Compared with other animals, human beings are capable of ________. A. communicating well with others C. surviving some natural disasters

B. working together with each other D. getting access to various information

29. What are the psychologists and economists most interested in? A. Whether people’s personal efforts will pay off eventually. B. How cooperation has developed over a long lime naturally. C. Why people offer to affect those around them unselfishly. D. What benefit that good cooperation can bring immediately. 30. We can infer that the success-oriented people________. A. are careful to select a group to join

C. pay more attention to the result of their effort 31. What is the new finding of the research?

A. Having good relationship gets us to live fullest life. C. Being considerate can ensure our long-term benefit. D. Mastering social skills help create harmonious society

B. Focusing on individual success makes people selfish. B. are likely to be successful in the future

D. have some skills in collecting useful information

主语从句的考点突破：引导词-从属连词 that和 whether ： 1. That he will come is certain. 2. Whether he will come is uncertain. 3. ________ they are twins is clear. 4. ________ they are twins is not clear.

5. ________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. 考点突破 It is + n. +that

1. It is __________________ that... 可惜的是…… 2. It is __________________ that… 事实是… 3. it is __________________ that ….. 不奇怪…. It is + adj. +that

4. It is __________________ that... 肯定… 5. It is __________________ that... 很可能…… 6. It is __________________ that... 很显然… It +不及物动词+that

7. It __________________ that... 碰巧…… 8. It __________________ that... 似乎，好像… It + be +过去分词+从句

9. It is __________________ that... 据说…… 10. It is __________________ that... 众所周知…… 11. It is __________________ that... 据报道……

12. It is __________________ that... 据相信……;人们相信…… 13. It is __________________ that... + (should）do... 建议……

扩展：1.It seems/happens/occurs to me + that 主语从句

2.It doesn’t matter/makes no difference + 连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句

巩固练习-语法填空

1. It is uncertain _________ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. 2. It is by no means clear _________ the president can do to end the strike. 3. It doesn’t matter _________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.

4. It remains to be seen _________ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice. 5. It is obvious to the students_________ they should get well prepared for their future. 6. It suddenly occurred to him _________he had left his keys in the office.

7. It is often the case _________anything is possible for those who hang on to hope 8. __________is often the case , anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 引导词

1. Who will go makes no difference. 2. What we need is more time.

3. Which I shall choose hasn’t been decided.

连接代词_________, ___________, ___________在从句中做_______________ 1. When he will come isn’t known yet

2. Where we will meet next time is a question to be discussed next time 3. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.

4. __________we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.

5. Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. 考点突破who; whoever ; what; whatever; how; however;的区别 1. ________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. 2. ________ leaves the room last，he ought to turn off the lights. 3. ________ has stolen the money hasn't been found out yet. 4. ________ has stolen the money should be punished. 练习巩固

1. I will spare a ticket for the newly－made film to ______________ desires to get it. 2. ____________ comes to the party will receive a gift.

3. ___________ I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.

4. ____________ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it. 5. ____________ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.

6. 无论谁想成功，都必须尽最大努力。（whoever, succeed, do one’s best）(主语从句)

____________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 任何人提供有用信息帮助抓住劫匪（robber），警方将予以奖励(award)(主语从句)

____________________________________________________________________________________ 考点突破-主谓一致问题

1. When the meeting will begin (have) not been decided yet .

2. When and where the meeting will begin (have) not been decided yet . 难点突破-完成下列句子：

1. ________ is known to us all that China is a developing country. 2. ________ is known to us all is that China is a developing country. 3. ________ is known to us all，China is a developing country. 4. ________ we all know，China is a developing country.

改错-巩固练习

1. Why did she refused to apologize to his friend was not known.

2. When and where the meeting will be held still remain a question. 3. What the average students need are more care from their teachers 4. That is the most important in learning English is enough exercise. 5. If I will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 6. As is known to all that paper was first invented in China. 7. Anyone breaks the law shall be punished.

8. That why he was late for school was that his mother was ill. 语法填空（每空至多填三词）

1. It’s uncertain __________ he will do tomorrow.

2. __________ is reported in the newspaper is that talks between the two countries are making progress. 3. Perhaps __________my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.

4. __________ makes the game unique is that it helps children learn how to cope with problems in real life. 5. After __________ seemed like hours, he came out with a bitter smile.

6. __________ you can succeed in the end will mainly depend on ______ you do and ______ you do it.

7. \"Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this experiment __________ they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.” 写作-主语从句

1. 他近来没有尽最大努力，我们都很清楚。（do one’s best, recently, be obvious to）

____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 他突然想到，第二天上午他有重要的会议要参加。（occur to, conference）

____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 毫无疑问，玩电脑游戏过多对他们的健康有害，对他们的学习有负面影响。（there is no doubt, be harmful to,

have a negative effect on）

____________________________________________________________________________________________ 阅读理解

D

Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.

A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.

Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.

After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.

When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate（低估）a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction（小部分）of the smaller number to it.

\"This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, \"Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this

experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.” 32. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them? A. They fed them. C. They trained them.

B. They named them. D. They measured them.

33. How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment? A. By drawing a circle. C. By watching videos.

B. By touching a screen. D. By mixing two drinks.

34. What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys? A. They could perform basic addition. C. They could memorize numbers easily.

B. They could understand simple words. D. They could hold their attention for long.

35. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Entertainment.

表语从句

概念导入：

表语从句的引导词

1. Tom is no longer __________ he used to be.

2. The question is __________ he will agree to suggestion or not.

3. The reason why he failed was __________ he hadn’t taken his teacher’s advice. 4. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ______ one can be entirely free from dust

表语从句难点突破

1. The reason why he was so late is _______ he turned off the alarm clock. In other words, that he was late is ____ he

turned off the alarm clock.

2. We practice speaking English every day. That is ______ our spoken English is so excellent. 3. The problem is _________ we didn’t get in touch with him. 4. This is _________ Henry solved the problem.

5. His suggestion is _________ we (should) finish the work at once.

6. The reason _________ we didn't trust him is _________ he has often lied． 难点突破that/what的区别

B. Health.

C. Education.

D. Science.

1. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago. 2. —What a mess! You are always so lazy!

—I’m not to blame, mum. I am ______ you have made me.

3. Our school is no longer ______ it was 10 years ago, ______ it was not well equipped. 4. The teacher returned after ______ seemed to be a long time.

5. I was close to being killed the other day. A car passed me at ______ I thought was a dangerous speed. 6. Generally speaking, ______ we have seen seems more believable than ______ we have been told. 7. Our teachers always tell us to believe in ______ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 8. I think that this meal was well worth ______ was charged for it.

9. The shopkeeper didn’t want to sell for ______ he thought was not enough. 10. Output is now six times ______ it was before liberation. 11. Mr. Smith told me ______ he was doing was important.

12. What the doctor is uncertain about is ______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 语法填空（每空至多填三词）

1. Perhaps ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected. 2. It is difficult for us to imagine______ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.

3. Mr. Hopkins has not yet answered my question whether I can go with him to ______ he calls the Underground Treasure

House next week.

4. ______ makes the game unique is that it helps children learn how to cope with problems in real life.

5. Experts predict nine billion people will live on our planet by 2050. They say by that time demand for food will be two

times ________ it is now. Officials are worried about that prediction because many people already suffer from a lack of food. More than 800 million people go to bed hungry

6. He was sitting in his chair, and he looked at me long and hard. I said nothing. All I could think of was ________ I was

not an English teacher; I had been lying to myself, pretending that everything was fine

优化-写作

1. 近几年，我们的学校发生了很大的变化，已不再是过去的样子了。（great changes, take place, what it used to be）

2. 过了数小时的样子，他苏醒过来了。（what seemed like….. , come to oneself）

3. 你很难想象我在学英语中遇到多么大的困难。（you can’t imagine, have difficulty in doing something） 阅读理解

C

People are being lured (引诱) onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing they’re paying for it by giving up large amounts of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.

Most Facebook users don’t realize this . Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea what they’re paying for Facebook because people don’t really know what their personal data is worth.

The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on, you keep everything private. That was the great thing about Facebook—you could create your own little private network. Last year, the company changed its privacy rules so that many things— your city, your photo, your friends' names—were set, by default (默认) to be shared with everyone on the Internet.

According to Facebook’s vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people don’t share information, they have a “less satisfying experience”.

Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. Its original business model, which involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the page, totally failed. Who wants to look at ads when they’re online connecting with their friends?

The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April, Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites. “I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits.

I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy is only the beginning, which is why I’m considering deactivating(撤销) my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I’m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don’t know. That’s too high a price to pay. 31. What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph?

A. It is a website that sends messages to targeted users. B. It makes money by putting on advertisements. C. It profits by selling its users’ personal data. D. It provides loads of information to its users. 32. What does the author say about most Facebook users?

A. They are reluctant to give up their personal information. B. They don’t know their personal data enriches Facebook.

C. They don’t identify themselves when using the website. D. They care very little about their personal information. 33. Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage?

A. To provide better service to its users. B. To follow the Federal guidelines. C. To improve its users’ connectivity. D. To expand its scope of business. 34. What does Senator Charles Schumer advocate?

A. Setting guidelines for advertising on websites. B. Banning the sharing of users’ personal information. C. Formulating regulations for social-networking sites. D. Removing ads from all social-networking sites. 35. Why does the author plan to cancel his Facebook account?

A. He is dissatisfied with its current service. B. He finds many of its users untrustworthy. C. He doesn’t want his personal data abused. D. He is upset by its frequent rule changes. 完型填空

My daughter had just turned five when I took her to go grocery shopping with me one day. There on 21 was the most beautiful toilet paper she had never seen, for it was pink. During 22 awareness month, the toilet paper company had made their product pink, with a part of each sale’s 23 helping the people in need. And my daughter simply had to have it. She 24 with her sweetest pretty-pleases. Of course I 25 her request, explaining that it was pink to 26 awareness of kindness and that 27 of the money we were paying was going towards helping others.

My little girl sat in the cart, holding her package of pink toilet paper. She could not contain her 28 and talked on and on about how 29 the rest of the family would be when she shared her 30 with them. On the way out, she retold to the cashier everything she could remember about the 31 of the colored toilet paper. Her passion spread among the other 32 , and several more packages 33 the checkouts that morning.

My daughter carried the tower of toilet paper into the house herself and dragged it upstairs, which was a great 34 considering the package stood as 35 as she did. That evening, I walked into the bathroom to find all the rolls 36 stored in the cupboard, in the shape of a 37 castle. She began in all seriousness as she ceremoniously (隆重地) 38 a half-used white roll on the holder with a new pink one, “ 39 I use it, I will remember to pray for all those people who are 40 right now.” 21. A. display 22. A. science 23. A. goods 24. A. cried

B. television B. baby-care B. procedures B. begged B. ignored B. raise B. none

C. time C. charity C. costs C. lied C. met

D. purpose D. peace D. profits D. challenged D. avoided D. sell D. some

25. A. refused 26. A. represent 27. A. all

C. teach C. any

28. A. excitement 29. A. thrilled 30. A. money 31. A. usage 32. A. families

B. calmness B. disappointed B. idea B. price B. cashiers

C. nervousness C. comfortable C. treasure

D. patience D. lucky D. awareness D. meaning D. customers D. fell off D. expectation D. small D. naturally D. homely D. mixed D. Every time D. in silence

C. misunderstanding C. papermakers C. broke into C. responsibility C. tall

33. A. got caught in B. went through B. independence B. strong

34. A. accomplishment 35. A. large

36. A. neatly 37. A. lonely 38. A. compared 39. A. In case

B. disorderly B. lovely

C. surely C. different C. replaced C. Only if

B. combined B. Now that B in trouble

40. A. in common 短文改错

C. in practice

Since I was a kid, I`ve considered different job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered mg goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.