【阅读理解】
For those who study the development of intelligence (智力) in the animal world，selfawareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware (意识) of itself has a high level of intelligence.
Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image (反射出的影像). Many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying very little attention to the reflected image. Only humans，and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins，have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves. Now another animal has joined the club. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror selfreflection test. “We thought that elephants were the next important animal，”said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society, an author of the study with Joshua M. Plotnik and Fans
B. M. de Waal
of Emory University. With their large brains，Reiss said, elephants “seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins.”
The researchers tested Happy. Maxine and Patty, three elephants at the Bronx Zoo. They put an 8footsquare mirror on a wall of the animals' play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.
The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it，and to examine parts of their bodies.
Of the three, Happy then passed the test，in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.
Diana Reiss said，“We knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way.”
文章通过实验说明能意识到自身形象的动物具有高智商。 1. What can mirror tests tell us about animals? A. Whether they have large brains.
B. Whether they have selfawareness.
C. Whether they enjoy outdoor exercises. D. Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors. 答案：B。细节理解题。由文章第二段第一句话“Awareness can be tested by...”可知B项正确。 2. Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text? A. They are most familiar to readers. B. They are big favorites with zoo visitors. C. They are included in the study by Reiss. D. They are already known to be intelligent.
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答案：D。推理判断题。由第二段最后一句可知人们已经知道apes和dolphins是聪明的。 3. What made Happy different from Maxine and Patty? A. She used her nose to search behind the mirror. B. She recognized her own image in the mirror. C. She painted a mark on her own face. D. She found the hidden camera.
答案：B。推理判断题。由倒数第二段可推出Happy能辨别出自己在镜子中的形象。
2016高考阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Australian scientists are trying to give kangaroo-style stomachs to cattle and sheep in order to cut the greenhouse gases they send out, which is thought to be responsible for global warming. Thanks to special bacteria in their stomachs, kangaroo flatulence (肠胃气胀） contains no methane(甲烷) and scientists want to transfer that bacteria to cattle and sheep who produce large quantities of the harmful gas.
While the usual image of greenhouse gas pollution is a billowing smokestack, pushing out carbon dioxide, farm animals’ passing wind contribute a surprisingly high percentage of total emissions (排放物）in some countries.
“Fourteen percent of emissions from all sources in Australia are from enteric methane from cattle and sheep,”said Athol Klieve, a senior research scientist with the greensland state government.“And if you look at another country such as New Zealand, which has got a much higher agricultural base, they are actually up around 50 percent,” he said.
Researchers say the bacteria also make the digestive process much more efficient and could potentially save millions of dollars in feed costs for farmers. But it will take researchers at least three years to isolate (分离) the bacteria before they can even start to develop a way of transferring it to cattle and sheep.
Another group of scientists, meanwhile, have suggested Australians should farm fewer cattle and sheep and just eat more kangaroos. And about 20 percent of health-conscious Australians are believed to eat the national symbol already.
It’s low in fat, it ’s got high protein levels and it is very clean in the sense that basically it is free-range(放养的) animal,” said Peter Ampt of the University of New South Wales’ institute of environmental studies.
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1. Scientists intend to put bacteria into cattle and sheep________.
A. to help Australian farmers to earn more money
B. to prevent them from sending out harmful gases C. so that they can protect Australian ecosystem D. so that they can make full use of special bacteria
2. Athol Klieve seems to believe that _________.
A. farm animals are to blame for greenhouse gases B. less cattle and sheep are raised in New Zealand C. cattle and sheep produce less carbon dioxide D. New Zealand has the most animals in the world
3.The advantages Peter Ampt lists about kangaroos don’t include ________. A. it is rich in protein
B. it is low in fat
C. it is cheaper than beef D. it is cleaner than sheep
4.The main idea of the passage is to ________.
A. discuss a better way to protect the earth B. warn farmers of the danger of animal waste C. explain the possible solutions to pollution D. present a recent study on global warming
参考答案1—4、BACD
2016高考阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A gentle breeze blew through Jennifer’s hair. The golden red sun was setting. She was on the beach, looking up at the fiery ball. She was amazed by its color, deep red in the middle, softly fading into yellow. She could hear nothing but the waves and the seagulls flying up above in the sky.
The atmosphere relaxed her. This was what she needed.“It is getting late.”she thought,“I must go home. My parents will be wondering where I am.”
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She wondered how her parents would react, when she got home after the three days she was missing. She kept on walking, and the road was deserted. She walked slowly and silently. Just in a few hundred meters she would have been safe in her house.
It was really getting dark now. The sun had set a few minutes before and it was getting cold, too. She wished she had her favorite sweater on: it kept her really warm. She imagined having it with her. This thought disappeared when she finally saw her front door. It seemed different. Nobody had taken care of the outside garden for a few days. She was shocked: her father was usually so strict about keeping everything clean and tidy, and now... It all seemed deserted. She couldn’t understand what was going on.
She entered the house. First she went into the kitchen where she saw a note written by her father. It said:“Dear Ellen, there is some coffee ready. I went looking.” Ellen was her mother, but where was she? On the right side of the hallway was her parents’ room. She went in. Then she saw her. Her mother, lying on the bed, was sleeping. Her face looked so tired, as if she had not slept for days. She was really pale. Jennifer would have wanted to wake her up but she looked too tired. So Jennifer just fell asleep beside her. When Jennifer woke up, something was different...she wasn’t in her mother’s room and she was not wearing the old clothes she ran away in. She was in her cozy bed in her pajamas.
It felt so good being back home. Suddenly she heard a voice,” Are you feeling better now, dear? You know you got us very, very scared.” 1.Three days later Jennifer came back home _________.
A. at sunset B. at sunrise C.at night D.at midday
2.Her father didn’t take care of the garden because ________.
A. he had to look after his wife B. he was busy looking for her
C. he was not strict with his job D. he no longer enjoyed working in the garden 3.What can we infer from the passage?
A. In fact Jennifer’s mother had been sick for days.
B. As Jennifer walked towards home, she became increasingly scared. C. When she found the garden deserted, she realized she was wrong. D. Having experienced a lot outside, Jennifer felt home was safer for her.
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参考答案1—3、ABD
阅读理解
阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Twothirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.
However, it wasn't all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission. In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behaviour. They are learning how to talk each other's language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk “dog” ，and dogs can learn how to talk “cat”．
What's interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn to read each other's body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected. Once familiar with each other's presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.
The significance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets—to people who don't get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.
有人一直担心如果在家里同时养猫和狗，它们会相处得不好。可是研究发现猫和狗是可以和谐相处的。既然猫狗都能和谐相处，人和人以及世界大国之间就更容易做到这一点了。
6．The underlined word “swimmingly” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________. A. early B. sweetly C. quickly D. smoothly
答案：B。词义猜测题。文章第一段第一句话“Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home？”意为“猫和狗在一个家里能和谐相处吗？”有人担心它们会打架，但是研究发现，如果猫被领养在先，而且它们都在很小的时候就认识的话，它们很可能会相处得很和谐。sweetly“甜美地”；
smoothly“顺利地”。所以swimmingly在此意为sweetly。另外第二段第一句话：“However, it wasn't all sweetness and light.”中也有暗示。
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7．Some cats and dogs may fight when________. A. they are cold to each other B. they look away from each other
C. they misunderstand each other's signals D. they are introduced at an early age
答案：C。细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句话“There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite.”可知因为猫狗的有些身体信号正好相反，所以才打架或对彼此冷漠。 8．What is found surprising about cats and dogs? A. They eat and sleep together.
B. They observe each other's behaviours. C. They learn to speak each other's language. D. They know something from each other's voices.
答案：C。细节理解题。由第三段中的“They are learning how to talk each other's language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk ‘dog’，and dogs can learn how to talk ‘cat’．”可知答案。
9．It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs ________. A. have common interests C. have a common body language
B. are less different than was thought D. are less intelligent than was expected
答案：B。推理判断题。第四段中的“They can learn how to read each other's body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected.”意为：它们能够学会如何去理解彼此的身体语言，这表明猫狗有比我们以前所认为的更多的相同之处。也就是说，猫狗的不同之处比我们原来认为的要少。所以选B。
10．What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs? A. We should learn to live in harmony.
B. We should know more about animals.
C. We should live in peace with animals. D. We should learn more body languages. 答案：A。推理判断题。从最后一段可以推知答案。
2016高考英语训练--阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
It was a Sunday and the heavy storm had lasted all night. The morning after the storm, though, was beautiful: blue skies, warm air and a calm, inviting sea touching the shore gently.
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My father realized it was a good day for fishing and invited my sister and me to go with him. I was only 14 and fishing had never been my thing, but I decided to go all the same. I ’m so glad I did.
On the road to the harbour we could see the terrible destruction on the coast, but the harbour itself was in fairly good shape. After all, it was protected by the arms of a bay that only one tiny channel to the sea. As we got on board, we noticed two big humps(里脊）in the distance. On approaching them, we saw it was a mother whale with her baby. We couldn’t believe it---there aren’t any whales along the coast here. The storm must have driven them across the ocean into the bay, in which the still water was so badly polluted that nothing could survive. The little baby whale--- actually as big as our boat-- was obviously stuck and could not move. The mother dived under the water and camp up suddenly, making big whirlpools(旋涡）and waves. “ she’s trying to help her baby, but on the wrong side,” my father said. At this point , my father moved our boat in a semicircle to the other side and, heading the boat towards the baby whale, pushed it gently. With our several gentle pushes the big hump turned over and disappeared under water. Then it swam up right beside its mum. They struggled in their desperate attempts to escape but missed the exit and started heading in the wrong direction. We hurried up to the whales and tried to lead them towards the bay channel. Slowly, they let us lead them, sometimes rising from the water right beside us to breathe---and to give us a trusting look with those huge eyes. Once they hit their first part of clean water flowing straight from the sea, the mum gave us a wave with her tail and off they swam into the distance.
In the excitement it had felt like only a few minutes, but we had been with those wonderful animals for almost an hour and a half. That was the simple and lasting beauty of the day. Nearly four decades later, I still look back fondly to that golden day at sea. 12. The author says “ I’m so glad I did”(in Para.2) because_________ A. he witnessed the whole process of fishing B. he enjoyed the beauty of the calm sea C. he spent the weekend with his family D. he experienced the rescue of the whales
13. The harbour survived the storm owing to____________ A. the shape of the harbour B. the arms of the bay
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C. the still water in the channel D. the long coast line
14. The mother whale failed to help her baby because___________ A. she had stayed in the polluted water for too long. B. the whirlpools she had made were no big enough. C. the waves pushed her baby in the wrong direction. D. she had no other whales around to turn to for help 15. What is the theme of the story?
A. Fishing provides excitement for children. B. It’s necessary to live in harmony with animals. C. It’s vital to protect the environment.
D. Saving lives brings people a sense of happiness. 参考答案12-15 DBCD
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