8种虚拟语气

八种虚拟结构:

1、 在含有表建议、命令、要求、请求、决定、义务等语气的句中借助should(可省略)使用

虚拟语气。

1) 动词后的宾语从句 2) 名词后的表语从句

3) 名词后的同位语从句 4) it +be +v-ed that 后的从句 5) It +be +形容词+ that后的从句 • she suggested that we (should) set off early the next day •My advice is that more trees should be planted in our school. •They won’t accept the suggestion that we should cut all the trees. •It is ordered that all the troops (should) withdraw three miles away.

•It is essential（绝对必要的） that he ( should ) your home work first. 常见用虚拟语气的词语：

1）动词：command, demand, desire（希望）, insist（坚持）, order, propose（提议）, recommend（推荐）, request（要求）, require（要求）, suggest（建议） 2). 分词：

It is proposed that …(人们建议……) It is desired that … (最好、需要……) , It is requested that … (人们要求……) It is suggested that … (有人建议……) , It is recommended that …(有人推荐……) It is demanded that …(根据要求……) , It is decided that …(已经决定……) It is arranged that … (已经安排……) 等等。 3). 形容词、名词：it be +adj. / n+that +

important（重要的）advisable（明智的）desirable（希望能够的）imperative（必须的）natural compulsory （自然的）necessary必要的）regretful（遗憾的）strange（奇怪的）proper（适当的）urgent（紧急的）duty（义务、责任）a pity（遗憾）a regret（遗憾） 2、wish后面的宾语从句： 从句谓语动词的形式用法

过去式-----表示当时未能实现的愿望、意愿 过去完成式-----表示过去未能实现的愿望、意愿

过去将来式（would do）-----表示未来不大可能实现的愿望,意愿 •I wish that I knew something about programming. •They wished that they hadn‘t said it to us.

•I wish that you would get younger and younger . 3. 于if引导非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 ．．．• If she knew this, she might be mad •If I were you, I would do it in a different way. •If I hadn't been caught by something, I would have come to your party •If I should have a chance to try it, I would do it in another way. 注：1）、省略If的几种情况

当条件状语从句的谓语部分含有had、should、或were时，就将这样的词had、should、或were搬到句首把句子写成倒装句而将连词if省略。例如：

条件从句 主句 与现在事实相反 过去式（动词是be用were） Should / would + 动词原形 与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 should / would + have +过去分词 1) should + 动词原形 与未来事实相反 2) were + 动词不定式 would / Should + 动词原形 3) 过去式（动词是BE也可以用were） Were you the manager here, what would you do? 你若是这里的经理，你会怎么办？ 2) without / but for / otherwise等介词短语可以相当于if引导的条件状语从句，主句用虚拟：

Without air, there would be no life on the earth. 要是没有空气，地球上就不会有生命了。 But for your help, the little boy would have been drowned. We could have done the work better in that case.

3) 由上下文的交代而省略了if引导的条件状语从句。

He would have come to see you earlier but he just came back from his business trip . 4. As if / as though 引导的从句中用虚拟语气 对现在情况的虚拟——从句用过去时 对过去……——过去完成式

表将来…..——should /would /might+动原 As if 引导从句情况与现实接近是不用虚拟 •It seems / looks as if it is going to rain 5. It is (about / high) time that +从句（过去时）

It was (about / high) time that +从句（过去完成体）

It was (about / high) time that +从句should+动词原形(should 不能省略)来表示 6． If only + 从句构成的感叹句中用虚拟 ----“要是…就好了” 从句中谓语的形式：

表现在不可能实现的愿望——过去时 表过去……——过去完成式

表将来…..——would /could /might+动原

If only you hadn’t heard their complains yesterday. 7. Would rather

A. would rather do sth.(动原）

==would like to do sth. (没有虚拟) B. Would rather + 从句（虚拟） would rather sb. + V –ed 现在

Had V-ed过去

I would rather you had bought the coat yesterday 8. 含有情态动词过去式的虚拟语气：

1). Could / would / should / migh / ought to + have done 表示对过去本发生而没有发生的动作 He could have done well in the past exam, didn’t he? He must have finish his homework, hasn’t he?

练习：1.If I had had enough time, I my work.

A.would finish B. must have finished C.would have finished D.had finished 2.Ten minutes earlier, they the plane.

A.will catch B.would catch C.would have caught D.will have caught 5.I wish I what is happening there in his room. A.know B.known C.knew D.should know

6.It is important that you sports every day. A.have B.would have C.must have D.will have

10.—Shall we go to the movie tonight? —No, I'd rather at home with our baby. You'd better not leave it to the babysitter at night. A.you stayed B.you stay C.stayed D.stay

16.The foreign friend speaks Chinese so well as if he a Chinese. A.is B.be C.should be D.was

18.Without electronic computers, much of today's advanced technology achieved.

A.will not be B.would not be C.would not have been D.cannot have been 答案：CCCAADC