Chapter 1 Paragraph Format
PART 1 Organization
Lead-in: What ls Academic Writing?
The kind of writing you will do in this class is called academic writing because it is the kind of writing you do in college classes. Every kind of writing has a particular purpose and a particular audience. The purpose of academic writing is to explain something or to give information about something. Its audience is your teacher and your classmates.
Academic writing requires certain skills. These skills include sentence structure (how to arrange words in a sentence), organization (how to arrange ideas in a paragraph), and, of course, grammar and punctuation. Each chapter of this book has sections with a lesson and practices for each skill. At the end of each chapter, you will write a paragraph using the skills you have just learned.
What ls a Paragraph?
A paragraph is a group of related statements that a writer develops about a
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subject.The first sentence states the specific point, or idea, of the topic. The rest of the sentences in the paragraph support that point.
Paragraph Form
In academic writing, there is a special form for paragraphs. When you write a paragraph, make it look like the one below. Here are the rules for correct paragraph form for handwritten paragraphs:
1. Paper
Use 8~-inch-by-11-inch lined, 3-hole paper. The three holes should be on your left side as you write. Write on one side of the paper only.
2. Ink
Use black or dark blue ink only.
3. Heading
Write your full name in the upper left comer. On the next line, write the course name and number. On the third line, write the date the assignment is due in the
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order month-day-year, with a comma after the day.
4. Assignment Title
Center the title of your paragraph on the first line.
5. Body
Skip one line, and start your writing on the third line. Indent (move to the right) the first sentence Y2 inch from the left margin.
6. Margins
Leave a l-inch margin on the left and right sides of the paper. Also leave a l-inch margin at the bottom of the page. Your teacher uses these empty spaces to write comments to you.
7. Spacing
Leave a blank line between each line of writing. Your teacher uses the space between lines to mark corrections.
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Here are the rules for correct paragraph form for a paragraph typed on a computer.
I. Paper
Use 8Yc-inch-by-ll-inch white paper.
2. Font
Use a standard font style, such as Times New Roman. Do not use underlining, italics, or bold type to emphasize words. It is not correct to do so in academic writing.
3. Heading
Type your full name in the upper left corner. On the next line, type the course number. On the third line of the heading, type the date the assignment is due in the order month-day-year, with a comma after the day.
4. Assignment Title
Skip one line, and then center your title. Use the centering icon on your word
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processing program.
5. Body
Skip one line, and start typing on the third line. Indent (move to the right) the first line of each paragraph by using the TAB key. (The TAB key automatically indents five spaces.)
6. Margins
Leave a l-inch margin on the left and right margins.
7. Spacing
Double-space the body.
Capitalization
In English there are many rules for using capital letters. You probably know many of them already. To test your knowledge, look at the model paragraph \"Introducing Myself\" on page 5 again. On the numbered lines, copy all the words or groups of words that begin with a capital letter. Add the capitalization rule, if
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you know it, next to each entry. Note: You don't need to copy the first word of every sentence or names that are repeated.
Capitalization Rules:These are the most important rules for capitalization in English. Capitalize the following:
1. The first word in a sentence
2. The pronoun I
3. Abbreviations and acronyms formed from the first letters of words
4. All proper nouns. Proper nouns
Practice A. I n the following sentences, change small letters to capital letters where necessary.
2. her major is business.
3. thanksgiving is a holiday in both canada and the united states, but it is celebrated on different days in the two countries.
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4. it is celebrated on the fourth thursday in november in the united states and on the second monday in october in canada.
5. istanbul is a seaport city in turkey.
6. greenhills college is located in boston, massachusetts.
7. i am taJdng four classes this semester: american history, sociology 32, economics 40, and a computer science course.
8 . i read a good book last weekend by ernest hemingway called the old man and the sea.
9. my roommate is from the south, so she speaks english with a southern accent.
10. the two main religions in japan are buddhism and shintoism.
B . Editing Practice In the following paragraph, change small letters to capital letters wherever it is necessary.
a future businessman
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i would like to introduce my classmate roberto sanchez. he is from the beautiful island of puerto rico in the caribbean sea. roberto is twenty-one years old. he was born in san juan, the capital city. his native language is spanish. he studied english in elementary school and in high school, too. roberto comes from a large family. he has three older brothers and two younger sisters. he likes to play the electric bass. he and some friends have a small band. sometimes they
play on saturday nights at the fantasia club on fourth street in downtown san jose. baseball is his favorite sport. the san francisco giants are his favorite team. now he is studying english at greenhills college. in september of next year, he will begin to study business and computer science at a university. after graduation, he wants to work for a large tech company such as intel or ibm.
Assignment
Review the class
Complete the exercises in the textbook
Preview the following parts
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