2020-2021学年岳阳市第三中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

Last summer, Katie Steller pulled off the freeway on her way to work inMinneapolis. She stopped at a traffic light, where a man was sitting with a sign asking for help. She rolled down her window and shouted. “Hey. I’m driving around giving free haircuts. Do you want one right now?” The man laughed, then paused. “Actually,” he said, “I was really hoping to get a haircut.” Steller pulled out a red chair from her car and helped the man cut his hair immediately. After the work was done, the man looked in a mirror. “I look good!” he said.

Up to now, Steller has given 30 or so such haircuts around the city to people with little influence, and she is strongly aware of the power of her cleanup job.

As a teen, she suffered from a severe disease, causing her hair to get thinned, so her mother arranged for Steller’s first professional haircut. “To sit down and have somebody look at me and talk to me like a person and not just an illness, it helped me feel cared about and less alone,” she says. After that, Steller knew she wanted to have her own barbershop so she could help people feel the way she’d felt that day. Not long after finishing cosmetology (美容术) school in 2009, she began what she now calls her Red Chair Project, reaching out to people on the streets. Her aim was that by doing some kind acts, others would be inspired to spread their own.

“Part of what broke my heart was just how lonely peoplelooked,” she said. “I thought maybe I’d go around and ask if people want free haircuts. I can’t fix their problems, but maybe I can help them feel less alone for a moment.”

It all began with a belief in simple acts of kindness, such as a free haircut. “The way you show up in the world matters,” said Steller. “You have no idea what people are going to do with the kindness that you give them.” 1. How does the writer begin the passage?

A. By making a comparison. B. By giving a reason. C. By raising a question. D. By describing a scene. 2. What made Stellar start the Red Chair Project?

A. Her mother’s love for her. B. Her interest in cosmetology. C. Her care for those in need. D. Her wish to fight severe diseases. 3. What did Stellar expect from the project?

A. To spread kindness. B. To solve social problems.

C. To deal with relationships. D. To make people look smarter.

B

New Yorkis among the slowest cities during rush hour in the world, according to a report published in January. Crossing midtown by car is soul-destroying. The average speed is 4.7 miles per hour, not much quicker than a quick walk. But relief is in sight. On April 1st, state lawmakers agreed to introduce road charges, makingNew Yorkthe first big American city to do so. By next year vehicles will have to pay to enterManhattansouth of60th Street.

The details of the new rule, including how much drivers will have to pay, how they will pay and how often they will pay, haveyet to be decided. A “traffic mobility review board\" will be set up to work all this out. New Yorkers living in the fee zone who make less than $60,000 a year will be exempt (获豁免) . Other drivers, including motorcyclists, the city' s civil servants, disabled drivers and the trucking industry, all want discounts or exemptions, which might not be a good sign.

If done right, road pricing could be expanded beyondManhattan.New Yorkcan learn from other cities.Singapore, for instance, which has had pricing for decades, adjusts prices regularly. It can also learn from mistakes.London, which rolled out its pricing in 2003, is only starting to charge on-demand car hires like Uber. Stockholm exempted too many vehicles, which caused a drop in revenues (收入) .

Other cities considering road charges, includingLos Angeles, Philadelphia Portland,San FranciscoandSeattle, are watchingNew York. \"We really have t1o make a good example,\" says Nicole Gelinas of the Manhattan Institute, aNew Yorkthink tank. 4. What does the report find? A.New Yorkhas terrible road traffic. B.New Yorkoften introduces new laws. C. New Yorkers prefer walking to driving. D. New Yorkers face an increased cost of living.

5. What can be inferred about the new rule from paragraph 2? A. It faces some potential problems. B. It has clear and detailed fee standards. C. It favors New Yorkers living in the fee zone.

D. It fails to win a traffic mobility review board s approval. 6. What doLondonandStockholmhave in common?

A. They learn a lot fromSingapore. B. They have greatly increased revenues. C. They charge on-demand car hires heavily. D. They are bad examples of placing road charges. 7. What is the best title for the text?

A. How much does it cost to drive intoManhattan? B.New Yorkapproves road pricing forManhattan C. Drivers fear crossingManhattansouth of60th Street D. Who will be exempt from road charges inManhattan?

C

In many countries of the world, people can confidently tell youthe meaning of their town or city, but most people who live inManchester,OxfordorBirminghamwould not be able to explain what the name of their city means. The name of every British town and city, however, has a long history.

Two thousand years ago, most people living inBritainwere Celts. Even the word “Britain\" is Celtic (凯尔特语).Then the Romans arrived and built camps which became cities called “castra\". This is why there are so many place names inEnglandwhich end in \"-chester\" or “-caster\"Manchester, for example.

The Romans never reachedWalesorScotland, and many placenames there are Celtic. For example,Welsh place names that begin with “Llan\" come from the Celtic word for \"church\".

After the Romans leftBritain, it was attacked by the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is nowGermanyandHolland. The names of their villages often ended in “-ham\" or “-ton\". Some got their names from the leader of the village.SoBirminghamfor example, means \"Beormund's village”

The Anglo-Saxons were farmers and the landscape was very important to them, so we have villages called Upton (village on a hill)——a good place to build a village and Moreton (“village by a lake”)where floods could make life hard. Place names that end in “-ford\" (a place where you could cross a river) also describe the location of Anglo-Saxon villages.

Finally, in 1066EnglandbecameNorman—theNormansgave us the place name \"grange\ And how aboutLondon? Experts cannot agree. The Romans called the city Londinium, but they were not the first inhabitants (居民). People once believed that theUnited Kingdom’s capital city got its name from the castle of a King called Lud but this is very unlikely. Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning a fast-flowing river. Like a number of British place names, its history is lost in time.

8. The origin of British place names is unfamiliar to many local people because of A. the death of local languages B. the long lost history of the names C. their lack of interest in it

D. the frequent changes to the names

9. According to the article,Stratfordis most likely a town . A. on a hill B. near a castle C. beside a river D. with a church

10. Which of the following shows the correct order of the arrival of inhabitants inBritain? A. The Celts—The Romans—TheNormans—The Anglo Saxons B. The Celts—The Romans—The Anglo Saxons—TheNormans C. The Romans—The Celts—The Anglo Saxons—TheNormans D. The Romans―The Anglo Saxons—The Celts—TheNormans 11. What doesLondonmean in Celtic? A. River B. Londinium C. Lud D. Castle

D

Earthquakes are a natural disaster—except when they're man-made. The oil and gas industry has forcefully used the technique known as hydraulic fracturing (水力压裂法) to destroy sub-surface rock and liberate the oil and gas hiding there. But the process results in large amounts of chemical-filled waste water. Horizontal drilling (水平钻孔) for oil can also produce large amount of natural, unwanted salt water. The industry deals with this waste water by pumping it into deep wells.

On Monday, the US Geological Survey published for the first time an earthquake disaster map covering both natural and “induced” quakes. The map and a report show that parts of the central United States now face a ground-shaking disaster equal to the famously unstable terrain (不稳定地形) of California.

Some 7 million people live in places easily attacked by these man-made quakes, the USGS said The list of places at highest risk of man-made earthquakes includes Oklahoma, Kansas, Texas, Arkansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Ohio and Alabama. Most of these earthquakes are ly small, in the range of magnitude (震级) 3, but some have been more powerful, including a magnitude 5.6 earthquake in 2011 in Oklahoma that was connected to waste water filling.

Scientists said they do not know ifthere is an upper limit on the magnitude of man-made earthquakes; this is an area of active research Oklahoma has had prehistoric earthquakes as powerful as magnitude 7.

It's not immediately clear whether this new research will change industry practices, or even whether it will surprise anyone in the areas of newly supposed danger. In Oklahoma, for example, the natural rate of earthquakes is only one or two a year, but there have been hundreds since hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling, with the waste water filling, became common in the last ten years. 12. What kind of human activities can cause earthquakes? A. The man-made produced waste water in the factories. B. The process of digging deep wells in those poor areas. C. The advanced techniques used to deal with waste water. D. The oil or gas industry's work connected with the earth.

13. What does the underlined word “induced” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Man-made. B. Reduced. C. Newly-built. D. Controlled.

14. How much magnitude can man-made earthquakes reach? A. It's been said as small as magnitude 3. B. It has been said as high as magnitude 7. C. It's being studied without a final conclusion. D. It has risen by an average of magnitude 5. 6. 15. What is the best title for the text?

A. Natural Earthquakes in America Are Disappearing Now B. 7 Million Americans at Risk of Man-Made Earthquakes C. Time for Oil and Gas Industry Change Their Working Practice D. More Often Earthquakes as Powerful as Magnitude 7 in America 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 How Not toBe Awkward

Not at all us are outgoing and ready to take the world by storm.___16___This usually happens when a person is still in his or her teen years and going through the socialization process. So,what can a person do to overcome this tendency to be awkward? Let’s try to find answers to the questions.

Stay in shape and dress up well

Sometimes, awkwardness could be due to being overweight. When you are large in size, you tend to get very self-conscious. So, in order to avoid this, get into the habit of exercising every day.___17___If you look as if you have just stepped out of a 1980’s film when actually it is 2011, there is no doubt that you are bound to feel awkward about yourself? Be optimistic

Another effective tip on how riot to feel awkward is to always keep a smile on your face.___18___On the other hand, a smiling, happy and positive thinking person is appreciated by everybody. So, smile when you meet acquaintances or even strangers, say a cheerful “Hi!” and automatically some of your awkwardness will disappear completely!

Participate in team activities

This one really helps. Awkwardness generally develops when a person remains isolated from others. So, in order to change this situation, join groups.___19___Joining people in book reading sessions as well as debates will help remove your awkwardness. Choose any activity of your choice, such as playing team sports or joining a dance class, and soon you will find your comfort level around people increasing day by day! Develop your personality

Being a book-worm or an Internet addict will not get you anywhere. For self-improvement, take up a hobby that adds meaning to your life. Learn singing or try adventure sports.___20___ A.Learn how to end a conversation. B.Secondly, have appropriate clothes on.

C.For instance, if you are a reading lover, join a book club. D.If you look sad, nobody will actually like being with you. E.Something as simple as listening to music will do wonders too. F.Many among us are shy and may even feel kept apart from others.

G.Awkwardness could be because you do not have anything in common to talk about. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to____21____on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA. Three months later I____22____myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was____23____at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of____24____, my

worries had gone. Everyone was so____25____and like-minded that it was very____26____to feel at home.

I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day____27____. We had to____28____everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a____29____way but in 35℃heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.

My job was to____30____a stairway out of rock. This____31____climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard,never____32____.

Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The____33____of knowing that my____34____will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.

But on the last night we were____35____in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to____36____. I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only____37____part of my tent.

____38____, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I____39____. I think I am much____40____for having taken part in the project.

21. A. calculate B. negotiate C. advertise D. research 22. A. imagined B. introduced C. enjoyed D. found 23. A. annoyed B. surprised C. scared D. excited 24. A. arriving B. sleeping C. thinking D. walking 25. A. confident B. friendly C. energetic D. curious 26. A. funny B. good C. lucky D. easy 27. A. tour B. project C. campaign D. course 28. A. drop B. make C. carry D. buy 29. A. nice B. safe C. long D. quick 30. A. build B. test C. clean D. guard 31. A. helped B. ended C. allowed D. meant 32. A. hunted B. trained C. seen D. fed

33. A. satisfaction B. ambition C. expectation D. intention 34. A. work B. memory C. record D. story 35. A. left B. caught C. attacked D. separated 36. A. boiling B. average C. normal D. freezing 37. A. tidy B. dry C. new D. soft

38. A. By the way B. Regardless of that C. Needless to say D. In either ease

39. A. survived B. resisted C. escaped D. recovered 40. A. smarter B. stronger C. happier D. busier 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

Jennifer Coates, a 33-year-old writer inLos Angeles,___41.___(accumulate) more than 110 houseplants since she began collecting in January. Today, they're___42.___essential part of her daily routine. Every morning, she rolls out of bed and heads to the living room___43.___she begins a 45-minute tour of all her plants,___44.___(bury) fully in plant culture.

It might seem extreme, but Coates is just one of many budding plant enthusiasts devoting hours a day and thousands of dollars___45.___cultivating plant collections in their homes.

Houseplants could thank visually driven social media for their revival in popularity. That was how Coates___46.___(addict) initially. Though the plant craze might seem like a passing social media fashion, the young generation is___47.___(unique) suited to maintain a long-lasting love affair with plants.

Compared with other living things, such as pets, plants often require___48.___(little) attention, but they still provide the opportunity for people___49.___(raise) something. Plants can provide a greater sense of____50.____(achieve) and purpose, she explained. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节短文改错（满分10分）

51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用（\\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last term, our school holds a math competition. To my surprise, I got the highest mark. To be honest, I felt very proudly. I was overjoyed. When one of my classmate asked me a question, I thought it was too easy but I was impatient with explaining them. As result, some of my classmates began to thinking badly of me. When I was having classes, I was absent-minded. By and by, I fell behind. When I became aware for this, I felt regretful. As a

saying goes, pride goes before a fall. This experience made me to realize we should be modest, no matter whatever progress we make. 第二节书面表达（满分25分）

52.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。续写的词数150左右。

Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day, Robert and Henry were going home from school. On turning a cornner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Let’s go and see!”

“No” said Henry. “Let us go home quietly and not meddle with (管闲事) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into trouble. Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together and I don’t want them to worry about me.”

“You are a coward (懦夫), and afraid to go,” said Robert, and off he ran. Henry went straight home, and in the afternoon went to school as usual.

But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down on Henry and didn’t want to play with him together.

Henry was sad but he wasn’t angry with Robert for his rude behaviour, because he knew that they misunderstood him, and that they ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong. Thus, he just ignored the other boys’ laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn’t invite Henry to go home together with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Every day after school, they didn’t go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun.

A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled and cried for help, but he failed. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, but they did nothing to help him. Paragraph 1

It seemed as if Robert would be dying.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2

Thus, Robert’s life was saved.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参

1. D 2. C 3. A

4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C

8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A

12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B

16. F 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. F

21. D 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. C C 33. A 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. B

41. has accumulated/ has been accumulating 42. an 43. where 44. buried 45. to 46. was addicted 47. uniquely

48. less 49. to raise 50. achievement

51.(1). holds → held. (2). proudly → proud.

(3). classmate → classmates. (4). but → and. (5). them → it. (6). As后加a.

(7). thinking → think. (8). for→ of. (9).去掉to.

(10). whatever→ what.

52.略

30. A 31. D 32.