1．be made of, be made from, be made in与be made by的区别
make是一个非常活跃的动词，意为“制造；制作”时，常用于被动语态。be made后面可以接不同的介词，其含义也不尽相同。
(1)be made of...意为“某物由„„制造而成”(从制成品中可以看出原材料)。如： The desks and chairs are made of wood. 这些书桌和椅子是由木头制成的。
(2)be made from...意为“某物由„„制造而成”(从制成品中一般看不出或难以分辨出原材料)。如：
Paper is made from wood and bamboo. 纸是由木头和竹子制造而成的。
(3)be made in...意为“某物由某地制造”。如： The computer is made in China. 这台电脑是由中国制造的。
(4)be made by...意为“某物由某个人或集体制造而成”，其中介词by用来强调动作的执行者。如：
The TV set is made by the workers in the factory. 这台电视机是由这个厂的工人制造的。 2．be known for以„„而著名 此短语相当于be famous for。如： He is known for his good voice. 他因他的好嗓子而出名。
与be known as的区别：be known as＝be famous as，意为“作为„„而闻名”。如： He is known/famous as a good singer. 他作为一个好歌手而闻名。 3．no matter无论；不管
此短语与what, who, when, where, which, how等疑问词连用，引导让步状语从句(注意：why一般不放在no matter后面)。在这种让步状语从句中，我们常用一般现在时态代替一般将来时态，用一般过去时态代替过去将来时态。如：
①No matter what he says, we won't believe him. 不管他说什么，我们都不相信他。 ②No matter who comes, don't let him in. 无论是谁过来，都不要让他进来。
③No matter how tired he was, he went on doing his work. 不管他有多累，他还是继续做他的工作。
④You can come here for a cup of coffee no matter when you are free. 你不管什么时候有空，都可以来这儿喝一杯咖啡。
疑问词后接-ever也可以引导让步状语从句，常见的有：whatever, whoever, whichever,
whenever, wherever, however，而且意思和no matter加疑问词相同。如：
Wherever you go, I'll go with you.
不管你走到哪里，我都跟你一起去。 4．produce, grow与plant的区别
(1)produce作动词，指农作物成产量化的生产，或自然地生长出果实等。如： These trees can produce very good apples. 这些树能长出很好的苹果。
(2)grow作动词，意为“种植；(使)生长”，着重指种植以后的栽培、生长过程。如： These plants grow from seeds. 这些植物从种子生长而来。
(3)plant作动词，意为“种植”，侧重“栽种；播种”这一行为，指把种子或秧苗栽种到土壤里使之生长。如：
How many trees have you planted this year? 今年你们种了多少棵树？ 5．turn... into 把„„变成
turn... into＝change...into，意为“把„„变成”。如： Water can be turned into ice. 水能变成冰。
turn 的常用短语：turn up(音量)调高，turn down(音量)调低， turn on 打开， turn off 关掉， turn around 环顾四周， turn to 转向；翻到(某页)。
1．He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China. 他发现这么多当地商店里的商品都是中国制造的真的很有趣。
find it＋adj.＋to do sth.意为“发现做某事是„„”，it是形式宾语，代替后面的动词不定式，也可以用复合句的形式find it＋be动词＋adj.＋to do sth.。如：
①We find it difficult to learn English well. ＝We find it is difficult to learn English well. 我们发现要学好英语是困难的。
②We found it (was) impossible to finish the work in half an hour. 我们发现在半个小时内完成这些工作是不可能的。
2．Even though most of the toys were American brands, they were made in China. 即使大多数玩具都是美国品牌，但它们是中国制造的。
even though意为“即使；尽管；虽然”，引导让步状语从句。even though与though或although的意思比较接近，许多时候可以互换，但不能与but连用。注意：不能说even although。如：
①Even though/Though/Although I didn't know anybody at the party, I had a nice time. 尽管这次聚会上我谁也不认识，但我玩得很开心。 ②He went out even though it was raining. 尽管在下雨，他还是出去了。
③Even though it's hard work, I enjoy it very much. 虽然工作艰苦，我还是很喜欢。
区别于even though, even if引导的从句往往是假设性的，相当于汉语的“即使；纵然；就算；哪怕”。如：
①Even if I have to walk all the way, I'll get there. 即使我得一路走着去，我也要走到那里。 ②Even if it rains tomorrow, we won't change our plan. 即使明天下雨，我们也不会改变计
划。
even if有时还可用于虚拟语气。如：
Even if he had the money, he wouldn't buy it. 他即使有钱也不会买它。
被动语态(一)
语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，而被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。如：
①They will build a new library in the city. (主语they是谓语will build的动作执行者) ②That swimming pool was built in 1980.
(主语that swimming pool是谓语was built的动作承受者) 1．被动语态的构成
被动语态的形式是由“助动词be＋动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。主动语态中的主语在被动语态中以宾格形式跟在介词by后面。
2．一般现在时的被动语态
一般现在时的被动语态是由“am/is/are＋动词的过去分词”构成。如： ①People often plant the trees in spring.
→The trees are often planted (by people) in spring. ②Do you feed the chicken four times a day? →Are the chicken fed (by you) four times a day? ③People grow rice in the south of the country. →Rice is grown in the south of the country.
④The teachers don't allow us to bring mobile phones to school. →We are not allowed to bring mobile phones to school.
【注意】有些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook等。如：
①The cloth washes well. 这种布料很好洗。 ②This kind of bags sells well. 这种袋子卖得很好。
③The shoes wear long. 这种鞋子很耐穿。 ④The knife cuts well. 这把刀很好切。
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Most of the earth's surface ________(cover) by water.
2．We ________(pay) by the boss on the first Friday of each month.
3．Children under 18 ________(not allow) to watch this show without their parents. 4．Stars can ________(see) at night.
5．The 30th Olympic Games ________(hold) in London in 2012. 6．Chinese ________(teach) in many western countries soon. 7．I won't go to the party unless my sister ________(invite), too. 8．In the heat, the food gradually turns soft ________(complete)．
9．The________(internation) friends will join them to fight with the disaster. 10．The ________(produce) made in China are on show at the fair. 11．He ________(fall) off his bike and was hurt badly just now, so he was sent to the hospital at once.
12．Paris is one of the ________(live) cities in Europe.
13．The ________(form) of the sentences look very strange to us. 14．We can't avoid ________(make) mistakes in our life. 15．Building a car needs several ________(process)．
16．The student in Germany always finds out some reading ________(material)，then uses some in his compositions.
17．Rice is mostly ________(grow) in the south of China.
18．Today the teenagers in China like to celebrate western ________(festival)． 19．I'm afraid of giving ________(speech) in front of the whole school.
20．The ________(handbag) are made of leather, many girls like to put some daily things in them.
二、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空
beauty wide competitor happy much
1．There are many ________ coming to our city. 2．English is used most ________ all over the world. 3．Our English teacher is a woman of great ________．
4．They are seen as bright symbols of ________ and good wishes.
5．He knows much about the kite festival, but he wants to know ________ about it. 三、将下列句子改为被动语态
1．They made these computers in Shenzhen.
These computers ________ ________ in Shenzhen. 2．She bought a new bike yesterday.
A new bike ________ ________ by her yesterday. 3．The students clean the room every day.
The room ________ ________ by the students every day. 4．He will sing a new song at the party.
A new song ________ ________ ________ by him at the party. 5．Students can't take the books out of the library.
The books ________ ________ ________ out of the library by students. 四、根据中文意思完成句子
1．我的戒指是由银制成的，是泰国产的。
My ring is ________ ________ ________ and it was made ________ Thailand. 2．它们被包装好，然后被寄到很多不同的国家。
They ________ ________ and ________ ________ many different countries. 3．似乎全世界很多人都在喝中国茶。
It ________ that many people ________ ________ the world drink Chinese tea. 4．我妹妹努力弄清楚怎样制作一个漂亮的风筝。
My sister ________ ________ ________ ________ how to make a beautiful kite. 5．剪纸听起来很简单但做起来可能是难的。
________ ________ sounds very easy but it can be difficult ________ ________． 6．要完成一切将要花费我好几个小时。
It will ________ ________ ________ ________ to complete everything. 7．你认为哪种艺术形式是最令人兴奋的？
________ ________ ________ do you think is ________ ________ ________？ 8．上周五我爸爸被邀请到学校音乐会。
Last Friday my father ________ ________ ________the school ________． 五、根据中文提示完成短文
British people are 1________(知道) for drinking tea. But brother and sister, Sahar and Bobby Green, became young millionaires when they opened a chain of Americanstyle coffee shops in the UK.
Having the idea. It 2________(开始) when Sahar took a weekend trip to New York to visit her brother Bobby. One evening, in a Thai restaurant, Sahar told Bobby 3________(多么) she wished she could buy American-style coffee in London. Bobby 4________(建议) they start their
own coffee shop. Sahar fell in love with the idea.
Doing the research. Back in London, she spent a whole day on the London subway, getting off the train at different stations to taste the coffee. “It was terrible, and I knew there was a gap in the market.” In November 1995, they opened their first Coffee Republic shop in 5________(中心)London.
Making it work. The first year was very difficult. There were problems 6________(找到) and keeping 7________(职工), and British people were not used to the names of American coffees, like latte and macchiato. But being 8________(成功) was their dream and they were not going to give up. Today, there are over 100 Coffee Republic shops all over the country and the company has revenues(收入) of ￡30 9________(百万) a year.
Advice for others. Sahar has now written a bestselling book about their experience, called Anyone Can Do It. She hopes it will help other young people to start their own 10________(生意). She believes success is 1% idea and 99% hard work, but she says, “If you think you have the energy, then get out and follow your dream.”
六、语法填空 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。每空不多于3个单词。
The World Wide Web turned 25 years old on March 12th. It has become a very important part in our daily lives. We can't imagine living without the Web, the short form of the World Wide Web.
In 1989, a British engineer 1________(name) Tim Berners-Lee came up with the idea of the
Web. It is a group of “pages” of information that 2________(connect) to each other around the world. That is the very beginning of the Web. Since then, the Web 3________(change) the way people live. With a click(点击) of a mouse we can read news, buy things, make friends and learn
anything we're interested _4________．
Now, 25 years after 5________ birth, how will the Web influence the life in the future? Scientists believe there are both advantages 6________ disadvantages. A growing Web will help build “better relationships” between different cultures. Also in the future, everyday items could be connected to the Web. We could share plenty of information to make our daily lives 7________(convenient). So one day in the future, your front door could send you 8________ message: “Dear sir, everyone has left the house, but I'm still open！”
But scientists warn us that if we share 9________(person) information on the Internet, it could get into the wrong hands.
“It's not wise 10________(spend) a whole day in front of the screen. People need to get close to nature and enjoy the sun. Never be controlled by the Internet，” said BernersLee.
Unit 5 参考答案
一、1. is covered 2. are paid 3. aren't allowed 4. be seen 5. were held 6. will be taught 7. is invited 8. completely 9. international 10. products 11. fell 12. liveliest 13. forms 14. making 15. processes 16. meterials 17. grown 18. festivals 19. speeches 20. handbags
二、1. competitors 2. widely 3. beauty 4. happiness 5. more 三、1. were made 2. was bought 3. is cleaned 4. will be sung 5. can't be taken
四、1. made of silver, in 2. are packed, sent to
3. seems, all over 4. tried to find out 5. Paper cutting, to do 6. take me several hours
7. Which art form, the most exciting 8. was invited to, concert
五、1. known 2. started 3. how 4. suggested 5. central 6. finding 7. staff 8. successful 9. million 10. businesses
六、1. named 2. are connected 3. has changed 4. in 5. its 6. and 7. more convenient 8. a 9. personal 10. to spend
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