一、高中英语任务型阅读 1．任务型阅读
Stephen Covey's book The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People is very popular among business people who want to improve their careers.________For example,Covey's principles can be used to improve relationships between parents and children or to improve the way you manage your time.
Covey begins by discussing habits and effectiveness,and why they are both important to success.According to Covey,for an action,such as listening to others,to become a habit,you must know what to do and why you should do it.However,you also must want to do.On the other hand,effectiveness means having a balance between success and a good relationship with the people around you.________However,if the company does not respect its workers,the profits will eventually decline.
________The first three habits focus on personal growth.The next three habits are about how to get along with others.The seventh habit shows how to achieve physical,emotional and mental health.
Covey includes exercises to help you analyse your life.He challenges you to identify what you want to contribute to society in your lifetime.He does this by asking you to think about what people to say about you after you die________For example,if you want your children to say that you were always willing to spend time with them, then you will spend more time with them and less time at work________
A.It has the potential to really improve your life.
B.In this way,you can challenge yourself to make your dreams and ambitions come true. C.However,its principles can be applied to any area of life.
D.In order to be successful,you must have habits that make you able to deal effectively with others and your own personal life.
E.For example,a company might focus completely on making a profit.
F.Your answer to this question will help you make better decisions about how to spend your time. G.Covey also introduces the seven habits of highly effective people. 【答案】C；E；G；F；B
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍Covey原理的内容和这一原理具体适用于生活的很多领域，尤其是一些商业人士更青睐它。
(1)考查上下文推理能力。根据下句的举例应该是对上句话的举例说明，下句意思是说Covey法则可以用在不同的领域，C项意思是：然而，它的原理可以应用于生活的任何领域。符合语境。故选C.
(2)考查上下文推理能力。根据前一句提到效率意味着在成功和与你周围的人建立良好关系之间取得平衡，后一句提到如果公司不尊重员工，推知设空处应该涉及到公司关注点不在员工身上。E项意思是：例如，一家公司可能完全专注于盈利。符合语境。故选E. (3)考查上下文推理能力。根据下文提到“The first three habits”，“The next three habits”和“The seventh habit”可知这一段提到七个习惯。G项意思是：Covey还介绍了高效人士的七
个习惯。符合语境。故选G.
(4)考查上下文推理能力。根据上句涉及到“让你思考在你死后人们会对你说些什么”，F项意思是：你对这个问题的回答将帮助你更好地决定如何度过你的时间。很好的承接上句，符合语境。故选F.
(5)考查上下文推理能力。根据上文的意思Covey可以帮助你练习分析你的生活。该处作为最后一句应该是总结这项功能的好处。B项意思是：通过这种方式，你可以挑战自己，让你的梦想和梦想成真。符合语境。故选B.
【点评】本题主要考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。做题时可以采取以下步骤：阅读全文，掌握主要内容、作者的意图、文章的感情基调等；通读答案，找出和文章相对应的关键词；根据文章整体结构，将选项答案带入文中，再次通读全文，重点关注逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
2．Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentences given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Nowhere To Hide: What Machines Can Tell From Your Face
The human face is a remarkable piece of work.________ So is the face's ability to send emotional signals, whether through the unconscious shame or the trick of a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, hostility, trust and deceit. They also spend plenty of time trying to hide their feelings, intentions or nature.
________ In America facial recognition is used by churches to track worshippers' attendance; in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game. In China it confirms the identities of ride-hailing drivers, permits tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple's new iPhone is expected to use it to unlock the homescreen
Set against human skills, such applications might seem enhancive. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the internet, obviously transform human abilities. ________ Although faces are peculiar to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability to record, store and analyse images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast scale promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.
________ Masking true feelings helps fix the wheels of daily life. If your partner can spot every prohibited yawn, and your boss every hint of annoyance, marriages and working relationships will be more truthful, but less harmonious. The basis of social interactions might change, too, from a set of commitments founded on trust to calculations of risk and reward derived from the information a computer attaches to someone's face. Relationships might become more reasonable, but also transactional.
A. However, facial recognition seems merely to encode them.
B. Research show that artificial intelligence can reconstruct the facial structures of people. C. Anyone with a phone can take a picture for facial-recognition programs to use.
D. Technology is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces.
E. Continuous facial recording that paints computerized data onto the real world might change the texture of social interactions.
F. The astonishing variety of facial features helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complex societies.
【答案】 F；D；A；E
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了人脸识别技术不仅仅是一项新技术，它也将改变世界。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“ So is the face's ability to send emotional signals, whether through the unconscious shame or the trick of a false smile”可知，人脸传递情感信号的功能也同样重要，无论是通过下意识的脸红还是有技巧的假笑。所以小题1同后面的句子同样在说明人脸的作用和重要性。故 F. The astonishing variety of facial features helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complex societies. “面部特征之纷繁各异令人惊叹，它让人们能相互辨认，也是形成复杂社会群体的关键”符合语境。故选F。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“In America facial recognition is used by churches to track worshippers' attendance; in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game. In China it confirms the identities of ride-hailing drivers, permits tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple's new iPhone is expected to use it to unlock the homescreen”可知，在美国，教堂使用人脸识别来追踪教徒做礼拜的出席情况；在英国，零售商用它来辨认有扒窃前科的顾客。今年，威尔士警方利用人脸识别在足球场外逮捕了一名嫌疑犯。在中国，人脸识别被用于验证网约车司机的身份、让游客刷脸进景点、让顾客微微一笑就能刷脸买单。苹果的新款iPhone预计将用这一技术来解锁屏幕。所以以上这些实例都在表明，科技正迅速赶上人类研读脸孔的能力。也就是小题2要总说的内容。故 D. Technology is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces. “科技正迅速赶上人类研读脸孔的能力”符合语境。故选D。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“such as flight or the internet, obviously transform human abilities.”可知，飞行或互联网这样的重大突破明显改变了人类的能力。接下来作者要转折话题，来说明人脸识别并没有像飞行或互联网这样的重大突破明显改变了人类的能力，而只是对面孔进行编码。故 A. However, facial recognition seems merely to encode them. “而人脸识别似乎只是对面孔进行编码”符合句意。故选A。 （4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“Masking true feelings helps fix the wheels of daily life. If your partner can spot every prohibited yawn, and your boss every hint of annoyance, marriages and working relationships will be more truthful, but less harmonious. The basis of social interactions might change, too, from a set of commitments founded on trust to calculations of risk and reward derived from the information a computer attaches to someone's face. Relationships might become more reasonable, but also transactional.”可知，掩盖真实的感
情有助于修复日常生活的车轮。如果你的伴侣能发现每个禁止打哈欠的地方，那么你的老板的烦恼、婚姻和工作关系的每一点都会更加真实，但却不那么和谐。社会互动的基础也可能发生变化，从建立在信任基础上的一套承诺转变为计算计算机附着在某人脸上的信息所产生的风险和报酬。关系可能变得更合理，但也可能是交易关系。以上都在说明计算机数据描绘现实世界的连续面部记录可能会改变社交互动的纹理。也就是小题4要总结的内容。故 E. Continuous facial recording that paints computerized data onto the real world might change the texture of social interactions. “计算机数据描绘现实世界的连续面部记录可能会改变社交互动的纹理”符合语境。故选E。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
3．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Daily overuse of media and technology has a bad effect on the health of all children and teenagers by making them more open to anxiety, and more at risk of future health problems.________ Many newer apps automatically show where the users are when they're used. This can tell anyone out there exactly where to find the person using the app.
________They are also upset about their kids spending time on Facebook accounts instead of getting down to their homework assignments, and are afraid of what can come out of their online connections.
________ One way is to make a “social media agreement” with your kids—a real contract they can sign. In it, they can agree to protect their own privacy, consider their reputation, and not give out personal information.________
In turn, parents agree to respect teens' privacy while making an effort to be part of the social media world. Parents also can help kids spend less time on the computer by putting limits on media use.________Avoid laptops and smartphones in bedrooms, and set some rules on the use of technology. And don't forget that setting a good example through your own virtual behavior can go a long way toward helping your kids use social media safely. A. Trust their children more.
B. Keep computers in public areas in the house.
C. It's important to be aware of what your kids are doing online. D. Besides, they promise never to use technology to hurt anyone else. E. Spending too much time on social media can make kids feel upset, too. F. Kids also can face the possibility of meeting the wrong person lace to face. G. Parents often say that kids would rather be online than hang around with them. 【答案】 F；G；C；D；B
【解析】【分析】文章介绍了每天过度使用媒体和技术会对所有儿童和青少年的健康造成
不良影响，父母的担心和解决办法。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上句讲每天过度使用媒体和技术会对所有儿童和青少年的健康造成不良影响，使他们更容易焦虑，更容易出现健康问题。F项：孩子们也会面临着遇到错误的人的可能性，与上文并列，也是对青少年的另一方面的危害，故答案选F。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲父母们担心孩子在网络上花时间太多而不认真写作业，G项：家长们常说孩子们宁愿上网而不愿和他们在一起，符合本段内容，都是说明家长对这种现象的看法，故答案选G。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文讲这种现象和家长们的担心，本段讲解决问题的办法之一就是与你的孩子签订一份“社交媒体协议”，C项：知道你的孩子在网上做什么很重要，承上启下，指出了问题的严重性和解决办法，故答案选C。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。与本段One way呼应，办法之一就是与你的孩子签订一份“社交媒体协议”，此外就是他们承诺永远不会用技术伤害别人。D项表达了此意，故答案选D。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲父母帮助孩子减少上网时间的具体措施，B项：把电脑放在家里的公共区域，是措施之一，故答案选B。 【点评】七选五阅读设空在句首时，存在以下两种情况：
1. 属于段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2. 与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有 某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。
4．任务型阅读
Help Migrant Workers
There is nothing like going home. More so if it is for the Spring Festival family reunion. For a migrant worker it perhaps means even more. To be able to set out on a homeward journey with money from a year's toil in his pocket is the best thing he can think of. ________ They had to press hard for their defaulted payments, the salaries that were failed to pay up.
About 200 million migrant workers nationwide are something left behind by economic reforms and opening up due to their contributions in the past three decades. It is almost impossible to imagine life in these places without them. However, they still form a disadvantaged group. Their rights are violated in different forms. Among other things, unpaid salaries are the most painful of such violations that are likely to drive a migrant worker to desperate actions. ________ ________They have taken measures to prevent employers from holding back payments to them. Yet, as the financial crisis bites deep, some small enterprises that are struck the most try to reduce their economic losses by laying off migrant workers or refusing to pay them. So it is particularly important for governments at all levels to do an even better job in helping villager-turned-workers recover their unpaid salaries before the Spring Festival.
It is good news that quite a number of local governments have organized special taskforces to conduct inspections in those labor-intensive enterprises to make sure they have paid their migrant workers in a timely and fair manner. Construction commissions in almost all provinces have published hotlines for farmer-turned-construction workers to lodge complaints against their employers for withholding their salaries. ________ But we need to look for solutions that will work at all times. We need to put in place a mechanism that will effectively prevent employers from holding back salaries to workers.
A. Some have reportedly climbed up chimneys to jump to their death unless they get their defaulted salaries.
B. It is something every Chinese look forward to as the traditional gala draws near.
C. Unfortunately, weeks preceding the Spring Festival have turned out to be hard times for migrant workers.
D. Hopefully, these efforts will send more workers on a happy journey home for the Spring Festival with their salaries in their pockets.
E. However difficult the situations they are in, it is too cruel and unfair for employers to hold back salaries they should pay their migrant workers.
F. Objectively speaking, governments at various levels have done a great deal in helping these workers recover their defaulted salaries. 【答案】 C；A；F；D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了帮助移民工人在春节前拿到薪水政府所采取的一系列的措施。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“They had to press hard for their defaulted payments, the salaries that were failed to pay up. ”可知由于没有拿到薪水，对于回家过春节的移民工人来说，是很艰难的一段时间。故选C。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“unpaid salaries are the most painful of such violations that are likely to drive a migrant worker to desperate actions.”可知下面要介绍一些讨薪时工人做出的绝望行为。故选A。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“They have taken measures to prevent employers from holding back payments to them.”可知这里讲的是政府正在采取措施帮助移民工人们拿到薪水。故选F。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空格前采取的一系列措施得知，这些都是帮助移民员工带着薪水回家过春节的努力。故选D。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
5．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。 Ants: master cooperators
Millions of ants live together in a colony, but they don't compete, get confused, or become disorganized. They behave in an amazing orderly manner at all times. Some scientists refer to
ants as 'super-organisms' because they live in such highly organized societies that work together to survive. The way ants live and work together has made them one of the most important creatures on the planet.
Ants, like bees, belong to a class of eusocial insects. Eusocial insects are broken into groups within their community, and each group has a special job to do depending on the needs of the community. There are three basic groups in an ant colony: queens, soldiers, and workers. Queens are the largest ants, and their only job is to reproduce—they lay all of the eggs that will eventually become soldiers and workers. Soldiers are responsible for protecting the colony and finding new places for nests. Worker ants have many jobs within the community, including caring for the eggs and young ants, hunting for food and maintaining the nest.
Some scientists are studying how ants can lead to a better understanding of labor issues, social class, and the use of nature resources in human communities. Ants have had millions of years of practice in working together to survive and grow. For a colony to function successfully, ants have to cooperate, from which people can learn a lot. Researchers hope that gathering information about how ants live together in communities can help people learn to cooperate and compromise with each other.
However, others argue that there are fundamental differences between ants and humans that mean human societies are unlikely ever to attain ant-like levels of collaboration. For example, ants in a colony don't compete with each other. When they are short of food in the colony, some worker ants automatically become 'feeder' ants and feed others with the food in their stomach, regardless of their usual job. When the food supply is replenished, they become worker ants again.
In addition, ants are able to work together without a leader giving them directions. Despite their names, queen ants are not leaders. Instead, ants find out what they need to do from their sense of smell. Research on harvester ants pass each other, they pick up a chemical smell which tells them what the other ant is doing. The number of ants they pass doing a particular job determines what they need to do. It is a form of communication, but unlike human communication it has no content; it is just based on numbers.
While ants undoubtedly have a great deal to teach us about organization and the structure of networks, those searching for a greater understanding of human behaviour and morals may need to look somewhere. Ants: master cooperators Main ________ They live together in colony without competitions, ________ or being disorganized
The way they work together for ________ living in highly organized societies makes them unique on the planet.
Three groups, including queens, soldiers and workers in an ant colony have a special job, ________ the needs of the community ________ of studying ants.
It helps people understand labor issues, social class, and the use of natural resources better Ants are ________ in working together to survive and grow, helping people run the communities smoothly
It helps people learn to cooperate and ________ with each other Differences between ants and humans
For ________ of food some worker ants automatically become \"feeder ants ________ ants, humans have leaders giving people directions Suggestion
Researchers should have different ________ in understanding human behaviour and morals. 【答案】 Unlike；angles
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过对蚂蚁的研究了解了它们的特点以及与人类之间的关系。蚂蚁共同生活和工作的方式使它们成为地球上最重要的生物之一。毫无疑问，蚂蚁可以教给我们很多关于网络的组织和结构的知识，但是那些想要更好地理解人类行为和道德的人可能需要从别处寻找答案。
（1）考查信息提升能力。根据下面表格内容可知是在讲蚂蚁的“特点”，故答案为features/characteristics。
（2）考查信息提升能力。根据第一段中的“Millions of ants live together in a colony, but they don't compete, get confused, or become disorganized.”可知此空答案为confusion。
（3）考查信息提升能力。根据根据第一段中的“Some scientists refer to ants as 'super-organisms' because they live in such highly organized societies that work together to survive.”可知，故填survival。
（4）考查信息提升能力。根据第二段中“each group has a special job to do depending on the needs of the community.”可知，答案为determining。
（5）考查信息提升能力。根据第三段中的“Some scientists are studying how ants can lead to a better understanding of labor issues, social class, and the use of nature resources in human communities.”可知文章在讲研究蚂蚁的“好处”，故答案为Significance/Importance/Meaning/Benefits。
（6）考查信息提升能力。根据第三段中地“Ants have had millions of years of practice in working together to survive and grow.”可知答案为experienced。
（7）考查信息提升能力。根据第三段中的“how ants live together in communities can help people learn to cooperate and compromise with each other.”可知答案为compromise。 （8）考查信息提升能力。根据第四段中地“When they are short of food in the colony, some worker ants automatically become 'feeder' ants and feed others with the food in their stomach,”可知答案为shortage/lack。
（9）考查信息提升能力。根据第五段中的“In addition, ants are able to work together without a leader giving them directions.”可知答案为Unlike。
（10）考查信息提升能力。根据最后一段中的“While ants undoubtedly have a great deal to teach us about organization and the structure of networks, those searching for a greater understanding of human behaviour and morals may need to look somewhere.”可知答案为angles。
【点评】本题涉及信息提升能力的考查，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑
features/characteristics；confusion；survival；determining；
Significance/Importance/Meaning/Benefits；experienced；compromise；shortage/lack；
关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，写出正确答案。
6．根据短文内容，从短文后的7个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Social Phobia
It is natural to feel nervous, or shy in front of others at times. Most people manage to get through these moments when they need to. ________ It's probably more than shyness. It may build up into a powerful fear. As a result, people feel uncomfortable participating in everyday social activities. This is called social phobia (also called social anxiety).
________ It prevents them from chatting with friends in the lunch time, joining an after-school club, or going to a party. Sometimes, they even feel too nervous to ask a question in class or go to a teacher for help. Social phobia not only prevents people from trying new things. It also prevents them from making the normal, everyday mistakes that may help people improve their skills even further
It is really sad, isn't it? But the good news is that people with social phobia can learn to manage fear, develop confidence and communicating skills and stop avoiding things that make them nervous. Of course it's not always easy. Dealing with social phobia takes the willingness patience and courage to face fears. ________
Therapists (治疗师) can help people create a plan for facing social fears and build the skills and confidence to overcome it. And family or friends are especially important for them. ________They can encourage them to pick a small goal to aim for, remind them to go for it, and be there when they might feel discouraged.
Little by little, someone who decides to deal with extreme shyness can learn to be more comfortable. ________ As shyness and fears begin to melt, confidence and positive feelings build. Pretty soon, the person is thinking less about what might feel uncomfortable and more about what might be fun.
A. Friends can overcome their fears easily. B. But for someone, the anxiety can be extreme. C. They are not able to make eye contact with classmates.
D. Social phobia makes people lonely or disappointed over missed opportunities. E. Each small step forward helps build enough confidence to take the next small step. F. It also takes an action to go forward rather than back away when feeling shy.
G. The support from those key people helps them gather the courage to try something new. 【答案】 B；D；F；G；E
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何处理社交恐惧的几点建议。
（1）根据本空后的“It's probably more than shyness.”可知，它可能不仅仅是害羞，此处是说焦虑对有些人有很不好的影响，故B项（但是对某些人来说，焦虑可能是极端的）符合语境。
（2）根据本空后的“It prevents them from chatting with friends in the lunch time, joining an after-school club, or going to a party.”可知，它阻止他们在午餐时间和朋友聊天、参加课外俱乐部或聚会，此处应该提到一种社交障碍，故D项（社交恐惧症让人对错过的机会感到孤
独或失望）符合语境。
（3）根据本空前的“Dealing with social phobia takes the willingness patience and courage to face fears.”可知，处理社交恐惧需要有意志力、耐心和勇气去面对恐惧，此处承接上文，故F项（当感到害羞时，也要采取行动往前走而不是后退）符合语境。
（4）上文提到了治疗师、家人和朋友能够帮助你处理社交恐惧，此处承接上文，说的是这些人对你的帮助，故G项（这些关键人物的支持帮助他们鼓起勇气尝试新事物）符合语境。
（5）根据本空前的“Little by little, someone who decides to deal with extreme shyness can learn to be more comfortable.”可知，渐渐地，一个决定克服嫉妒害羞的人会变得更自在，此处是说小进步的意义，故E项（每向前迈出一小步有助于建立足够的信心迈出下一小步）符合语境。
【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤
1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。 2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。 3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。
7．阅读下面短文，回答问题。
I am a member at the Blue Ridge Mountains Writers Conference. This is the conference where I got my start about 15 years ago, so it feels special whenever I go back there.
I usually teach multiple sessions, host a table at meals where I can talk with conferees, and often have about 40-50 private appointments with attendees. I take great pleasure in giving my personal advice on the beginners' writing journey after listening to their puzzlement.
And then I realized something, as I looked across the room and saw AI Gansky and Eva Marie Everson whom I'd had private appointments with many years ago when I was one of the conferees. The only reason I am a member there now is because countless people like them have invested in me. As a new writer, I once expressed my book ideas to Al and Eva, and they encouraged me a lot. Award-winning authors Yvonne Lehman and Steven James welcomed me to their group and shared their knowledge. And Edie, Vonda, Linda, Lynette, Michelle and so many others became my writing friends, offering encouragement and support along the way. I'd never have made it on this journey without them.
Last week, I was invited to experience the life in the countryside with some writer friends. I refused the invitation at first. I was away from home a lot because of the numerous book releases and conferences. I felt so exhausted that I just wanted to stay at home. However, my sweet husband said, \"Honey, why don't you go? It will be good for you. It can be a great source of inspiration for you.\" I'd never have made it without the support of this precious man who's been my chief encourager. It moves me to tears to think about all the times he's cleaned the kitchen, folded the laundry, taken care of our children and lugged my suitcases to the car so I can chase my dreams.
I wouldn't be where I am today without all the supportive people and I want to give them a much-deserved shout-out today.
（1）What does the author enjoy doing at the Blue Ridge Mountains Writers Conference? (No more than 9 words)
（2）How do you understand the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3? (No more than 10 words) （3）Why did the author refuse the invitation? (No more than 7 words) （4）What did the author's husband do to support her? (No more than 10 words)
（5）Is there anyone who helps you to follow your dream? What does he/ she do? (No more than 20 words)
【答案】 （1）Sharing her writing experience with the beginners. Or: She enjoys giving advice to the beginners on writing. Or: Giving her personal advice on the beginners' writing journey.
（2）Many people have encouraged and supported her. Or: Many people try to make me successful.
Or: Many people have encouraged and supported me to write.
（3）Because the busy work made her exhausted. Or: She was busy and felt exhausted.
（4）He encouraged her and helped her look after the family. Or: He supported her and did many things for family.
（5）Yes. My mom supports me to realize my music dream and encourages me every time I want to give up.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者一直是Blue Ridge Mountains Writers Conference的会员，没有别人的帮助和家人的支持，作者不会成功，因此她要把这份爱心传递下去。 （1）考查信息归纳。根据第二段中的“I take great pleasure in giving my personal advice on the beginners' writing journey after listening to their puzzlement.”可知，作者喜欢参加这个会议是因为可以为那些初学写作的新手提供一些个人意见，故答案为Sharing her writing experience with the beginners. Or: She enjoys giving advice to the beginners on writing. Or: Giving her personal advice on the beginners' writing journey.
（2）考查句义猜测。根据第三段中的“As a new writer, I once expressed my book ideas to Al and Eva, and they encouraged me a lot. Award-winning authors Yvonne Lehman and Steven James welcomed me to their group and shared their knowledge. And Edie, Vonda, Linda, Lynette, Michelle and so many others became my writing friends, offering encouragement and support along the way.”可知，作为写手，有很多人帮助过她，鼓励过她，因此作者依然没有退出这个会议，故答案为Many people have encouraged and supported her. Or: Many people try to make me successful. Or: Many people have encouraged and supported me to write.
（3）考查信息归纳。根据第四段中的“I was away from home a lot because of the numerous book releases and conferences. I felt so exhausted that I just wanted to stay at home.”可知，由于太多的新书发布会，作者很久没有回家了，因此感觉太累，只想呆在家，答案为
Because the busy work made her exhausted. Or: She was busy and felt exhausted.
（4）考查信息归纳。根据第四段中的“It moves me to tears to think about all the times he's cleaned the kitchen, folded the laundry, taken care of our children and lugged my suitcases to the car so I can chase my dreams.”可知，让作者非常感动的是，丈夫做家务，照顾孩子，把她把行李放进车里，为了让作者实现其作家梦，故答案为He encouraged her and helped her look after the family. Or: He supported her and did many things for family.
（5）本题属于开放式问题，只要是回答帮助自己实现梦想的人都可以，注意单词拼写和字数限制。答案可以写为：Yes. My mom supports me to realize my music dream and encourages me every time I want to give up.
【点评】本题考点涉及信息归纳，句义猜测和开放题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。
8．Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
\"My work is done.\" Those words were some of the last penned by George Eastman. He included them in his suicide note. They mark an ignoble end to a noble life, the leave taking of a truly great man. The same words could now be said for the company he left behind. Actually, the Eastman Kodak Company is through. It has been mismanaged financially, technologically and competitively. ________ One of America's bedrock brands is about to disappear, the Kodak moment has passed. But George Eastman is not how he died, and the Eastman Kodak Company is not how it is being killed. Though the ends are needless and premature, they must not be allowed to overshadow the greatness that came before. Few companies have done so much good for so many people, or defined and lifted so profoundly the spirit of a nation and perhaps the world. ________ Kodak served mankind through entertainment, science, national defense and the stockpiling of family memories. Kodak took us to the top of Mount Suribachi and to the Sea of Tranquility. It introduced us to the merry old Land of Oz and to stars from Charlie Chaplin to John Wayne, and Elizabeth Taylor to Tom Hanks. ________ When that sailor kissed the nurse, and when the spy planes saw missiles in Cuba, Kodak was the eyes of a nation. From the deck of the Missouri to the grandeur of Monument Valley, Kodak took us there. Virtually every significant image of the 20th Century is a gift to generation from the Eastman Kodak Company.________ Yes, there were photographers, and for relatively large sums of money they would take unnatural pictures in studios and formal settings. But most people couldn't afford photographs, and so all they had to remember distant loved ones, or earlier times of their lives, was memory. Children could not know what their parents had looked like as young people, grandparents far away might never learn what their grandchildren looked like. Eastman Kodak allowed memory to move from the uncertainty of recollection, to the permanence of a photograph. But it wasn't just people whose features were savable; it was events, the precious times that families cherish. The Kodak moment, was humanity's moment.
A．It showed us the shot that killed President Kennedy, and his brother bleeding out on a kitchen floor. B．George Eastman was not only interested in commercial profits, but also in the improvement of other people's lives. C．In an era of easy digital photography, when we can take a picture of anything at any time, we cannot imagine what life was like before George Eastman brought photography to people. D．For 20 years, its leaders have foolishly spent down the patrimony(祖传的财物) of a century's prosperity. E. Before George Eastman brought photography to people, painting was the only way for people to keep a record of their ancestors. F. It is impossible to understand the 20th Century without recognizing the role of the Eastman Kodak Company. 【答案】 D；F；A；C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由于在财务、技术和竞争方面管理不善。作为美国最重要的品牌之一，柯达即将消失，柯达时代已经过去。文章同时重点描述了柯达给人们的生活所带来的重大影响和意义，作者认为几乎每一张20世纪的重要照片都是伊士曼柯达公司送给下一代的礼物。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“One of America's bedrock brands is about to disappear, the Kodak moment has passed. ”美国最重要的品牌之一即将消失，柯达时代已经过去。可知在财务、技术和竞争方面管理不善，20年来，柯达的领导人愚蠢地挥霍了一个世纪繁荣的遗产。最终导致品牌的倒闭。故选D。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Few companies have done so much good for so many people, or defined and lifted so profoundly the spirit of a nation and perhaps the world. ”很少有公司为这么多人做了这么多好事，或如此深刻地定义和提升了一个国家乃至整个世界的精神。此处公司的指的是柯达公司，下文进一步强调柯达的作用：不认识Eastman Kodak 公司的作用，就不可能理解20世纪。故选F。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“It introduced us to the merry old Land of Oz and to stars from Charlie Chaplin to John Wayne, and Elizabeth Taylor to Tom Hanks.” 它向我们介绍了快乐的奥兹故土，从查理·卓别林到约翰·韦恩，从伊丽莎白·泰勒到汤姆·汉克斯。可知在列举柯达记录下的世界上重要的人物和事件，如：它向我们展示了杀死肯尼迪总统的那一枪，以及他的弟弟在厨房地板上流血不止。故选A。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“Virtually every significant image of the 20th Century is a gift to generation from the Eastman Kodak Company.” 几乎每一张20世纪的重要照片都是伊士曼柯达公司送给下一代的礼物。可知下文应继续强调柯达给人们生活产生的影响：在一个数码摄影简单的时代，当我们可以在任何时候拍任何东西的照片，我们无法想象在乔治·伊士曼把摄影带给人们之前的生活是什么样的。故选C。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
9．阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Most of us probably dreamed about becoming an astronaut when we were little. But how many of us actually became one, or are at least working toward it?
The advice “Always follow your dreams” is something that is typically easier said than done.
But still, this is the one piece of advice that Alyssa Carson wants to share with her peers. This 17-year-old girl from the US has become one of the candidates for NASA's 2033 project to go to Mars. If everything goes well, Carson will be one of the first human beings to ever set foot on the red planet.
Carson has dreamed of going to Mars since she was only three years old. Watching an astronaut-themed cartoon and learning that humans have only been to the moon but not Mars, Carson decided that she wanted to be the first one to do so.
Since then, she has worked hard toward this goal. At the age of 12, Carson became the first person to attend all three NASA space camps, and she sat with real astronauts in a NASA panel(座谈会) to discuss the future of Mars missions.
Now 17, Carson is continuing with her space training while still taking on her high school work like a “normal” teenager, except that she studies all her subjects in four languages – English, French, Spanish and Chinese.
“I don't think there's anything specific that makes it easier for me or makes it something that others can't do,” Carson said in an interview with Uproxx News. “I've just really focused myself on what I want to accomplish.”
And Carson is willing to make sacrifices for her dream. She's fully aware of the danger of the mission and the possibility that she might never be able to come back. She also accepts the fact that she can't get married and start a family because any loved ones left on Earth may be a distraction for her and for the mission. But Carson believes that it's all worth it, summarizing her view with this ancient Greek proverb she once quoted, “A society grows great when old men plant trees whose shade they know they'll never sit in.”
So after all the hard work that Carson has done and all the sacrifices she's made, everything still boils down to the simple phrase, “follow your dreams”. And while some people's dreams may sound out of this world, in Carson's case, they literally(毫不夸张地) are.
（1）What will happen to Carson in 2033 if everything goes well? (No more than 8 words)
（2）Why did Carson decide to be the first one to go to Mars? (No more than 20 words)
（3）How does Carson differ from other students for the school work? (No more than 10 words)
（4）How do you understand the underlined sentence? (No more than 20 words)
（5）What do you think of the girl? And why? (No more than 25 words)
【答案】 （1）She will set foot on the Mars. / She will go to the Mars.
（2）Because of watching an astronaut-themed cartoon and learning that humans have only been to the moon but not Mars.
（3）She studies all her subjects in four languages.
（4）A society will make progress if people make contributions without considering personal
benefits.
（5）She is brave and unselfish, because she may not return to the earth and is willing to make sacrifices for her dream.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个勇敢无私的女孩Carson为了实现自己的梦想不惜牺牲自己的利益。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“This 17-year-old girl from the US has become one of the candidates for NASA's 2033 project to go to Mars. If everything goes well, Carson will be one of the first human beings to ever set foot on the red planet.”可知如果一切进展的顺利，Carson在2033年会go to Mars/ set foot on the Mars。字数要求是不能超过八个字，所以本题的答案是：She will set foot on the Mars. / She will go to the Mars.
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Watching an astronaut-themed cartoon and learning that humans have only been to the moon but not Mars, Carson decided that she wanted to be the first one to do so.”可知Carson看了一部以宇航员为主题的卡通片，了解到人类只登上过月球，没有登上过火星，于是她决定成为第一个登上月球的人。字数要求是不能超过二十个字，所以本题的答案是：Because of watching an astronaut-themed cartoon and learning that humans have only been to the moon but not Mars.
（3）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Now 17, Carson is continuing with her space training while still taking on her high school work like a “normal” teenager, except that she studies all her subjects in four languages – English, French, Spanish and Chinese.”可知Carson用四门语言学习课程，这是她不同于其他学生的地方。字数要求是不能超过十个字，所以本题的答案是：She studies all her subjects in four languages.
（4）考查语句理解。A society grows great when old men plant trees whose shade they know they'll never sit in.这句话的字面意思是：当老人知道不能在自己种的树下乘凉却还坚持种树时，这个社会就发展了。再结合这段内容：这段主要讲了Carson为了为自己的梦想牺牲自己个人的利益。所以这句话引申为：当人们不考虑个人利益而为社会做贡献时，这个社会就发展了。字数要求是不能超过二十个字，所以本题的答案是：A society will make progress if people make contributions without considering personal benefits.
（5）考查推理判断。文章主要讲述了一个勇敢无私的女孩Carson为了实现自己的梦想不惜牺牲自己的利益。字数要求是不能超过二十五个字，所以本题的答案是：She is brave and unselfish, because she may not return to the earth and is willing to make sacrifices for her dream.
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，语句理解和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的词汇知识，从而做出正确答案。
10．任务型阅读
Common-sense Safety Tips for Travelling Abroad When a holiday is just around the comer, you may be planning a trip abroad. But to enjoy a worry-free adventure abroad, you also should pay attention to the following common-sense safety tips for travelling abroad.________
Another reason to take only carry-on carriage---besides avoiding baggage fees---is that the less you have to carry around, the more quickly you can move, if necessary. You should always have a free hand. Besides, you won't be exhausted from dragging all those bags around.________ Lock it up.
Leave your hotel with only what you need and lock up the rest. Take a lock for your luggage just in case your hotel doesn't offer a safe________ If you don't need all your cash and cards, don't take them all with you when you go out for a day of sightseeing or shopping. Also, leave your passport in the hotel. Make photocopies of all your important documents and leave the hotel with a copy of your passport plus a one photo I.D. Why?________If all of your identification is in it, imagine the trouble you have to go through to replace it all. Think and Plan.
Always keep in mind that, when you travel abroad, you are in a place you don't know well and you can always be a target. Trust your senses________ After your arrival, ask the hotel staff and locals about the areas you are thinking of visiting, especially at night. And you should walk in well-lit areas at night and know how to contact the local police with your cell phone or a payphone in a foreign country, if necessary. A. Travel light. B. Pay by credit card.
C. Imagine having your bag stolen off a restaurant table. D. You should also make it a habit to take your watch with you.
E. Plus, dragging lots of luggage is a dead giving away that you aren't a local resident. F. You should call ahead to be sure, especially if your luggage is made of cloth material.
G. You are smart and mature, so if something or some situation doesn't feel safe, it probably isn't. 【答案】A；E；F；C；G
【解析】【分析】本文主要提供了几条假期国外旅行时的安全建议。
(1)第一题属于第一条建议的主旨句，应该是祈使句。此外根据第二段的具体内容take only carry-on carriage—besides avoiding baggage fees—is that the less you have to carry around, the more quickly you can move, if necessary.可知，此段主要讲述出行时尽量少带行李，故答案为A。
(2)此段主要讲述外出时要少带行李。E项“另外，拖着一大堆行李彻底泄露了你不是本地居民”符合本段内容，也承接上一句内容。故答案为E。
(3)此段主要陈述要把不随身携带的东西上锁。前句建议随身带一把锁，所以后句讲打电话确认宾馆是否提供锁，尤其是你的行李为布包时。故答案为F。
(4)前句建议把护照留在宾馆。后句讲到一旦丢失后可能遇到的麻烦，所以此处应该是假设包被偷后的情景。故答案为C。
(5)前句说要相信自己的感觉。所以下句表达如果你感到不安全，很可能就是那样。故答案为G。
【点评】此类文体主要考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。做题时可以采取以下步骤：阅读全文，掌握主要内容、作者的意图、文章的感情基调等；通读答案，找出和文章相对应的关键词；根据文章整体结构，将选项答案带入文中，再次通读全文，重点关注逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
11．任务型阅读
Aside from the health benefits of laughter (which are numerous and significant), having a sense of humor about life's difficulties can provide a way to bond with others, look at things in a different way, normalize your experience, and keep things from appearing too overwhelming or scary. Properly developed, a good sense of humor can keep people and relationships strong. Studies show that having a smile on your face can make you feel better, and can lead you to actually feeling happier (rather than just looking happier). Even if the smile is fake, the benefits you will experience are real! Also, a fake smile leads readily to a genuine one. If you are able to put a smile on your face, the laughter will come more easily, and the stress will melt more easily. If your situation seems ridiculously frustrating, recognize what can develop into humor in just how ridiculously frustrating and annoying it is. In your imagination, take the situation to an extreme that becomes even more ridiculous until you find yourself amused. For example, when you're waiting in a long line at the store, you can imagine that hours pass, then days, visualizing yourself accepting visits from loved ones from your new home in this ultra-long line, holding your children's birthday parties in aisle seven so you can be there to enjoy them...you get the picture. Besides, find a friend with whom you can laugh also works! You can each share your frustrations, and laugh about them in the process. Even when your friend isn't there, you can feel less stressed by thinking about the retelling that will come later.
You can have a “most annoying boss” game with your friends, or try to count how many times the same potentially frustrating event happens in a day.(“I was cut off in traffic 7 times today—I'm almost up to 10!”) This works well for predictable or repetitive annoying situations that you can't control; you can begin to value them in their own special way instead of letting them upset you.
One of the factors that drive the popularity of shows like Modern Family or movies like the classic Ferris Bueller's Day Off, is that they take somewhat universal situations that many people find frustrating and push them a little further, pointing out the silliness of it all.
What's more, you can try joining Funny Clubs.Years ago, when Oprah had a show rather than a network, she did a part on Laughter Yoga that interested me, and I researched a club on my own, finding it to be a terrific place to enjoy a good laugh. Whether you mean business or laugh at the silliness of it all, taking part in the exercises of laughter yoga with other humor-participants can be a very effective way to get back in the practice of getting some more laughter into your day. Title ________ Develop a good sense of humor Developing a good sense of humor concerning ________in life is an effective coping technique.It leads to better relationship as well as simple stress management. *Start with a ________ It's shown in the studies that wearing a smile can help you feel happier.The more you laugh, the ________ the stress is to melt. Suggestions *Value the extremes: Imagine the situations to an extreme so that you can recognize the________humor. *Have an interesting friend: Share frustrations with your friends. If your friend isn't with you,________ the retelling to come can help lighten your moods. *Make it a ________ Value your frustrations in a “most annoying boss” game or count the times of the same potentially frustrating events in a day. *Watch funny shows and ________ Realizing that some________ frustrating situations are actually funny can help you endure them with a smile-even if it's ironic. *Join laughter yoga clubs: Whether you are taking laughing ________ or just laughing at the silliness of it all, joining a laughter yoga club is of much help. 【答案】Significance / Importance / Benefits；difficulties / challenges；smile；easier；potential / possible / underlying；imagine；game；movies / films；universally；seriously 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了幽默感的重要性及一些培养幽默感的方式。 （1）考查名词。根据后面解释的“an effective coping technique. It leads to better relationship as well as simple stress management.”可知是在讲幽默的意义，重要性或好处。故填Significance / Importance / Benefits.
（2）考查名词。第一段“having a sense of humor about life's difficulties can provide a way to bond with others,”可知对生活的困难有幽默感可以提供一种与他人建立联系的方式，根据life's difficulties可知指的是生活的困难，故填difficulties / challenges.
（3）考查名词。根据第二段“Studies show that having a smile on your face can make you feel better中having a smile”可知建议我们从微笑开始，故填smile.
（4）考查形容词比较级。根据第二段“the laughter will come more easily, and the stress will melt more easily.”可知笑声会来得更容易，压力也会更容易融化。故填easier。
（5）考查形容词。根据第三段“In your imagination, take the situation to an extreme that becomes even more ridiculous until you find yourself amused.” 把情况变成一个极端，变得更加可笑，直到你发现自己被逗乐了。这时候你就会发现自己潜在的幽默，故填potential / possible / underlying.
（6）考查动词。根据第四段中的“Even when your friend isn't there, you can feel less stressed by thinking about the retelling that will come later.”中的by thinking about可知是想象以后会发生的复述，故填imagine.
（7）考查名词。根据第五段中的“You can have a “most annoying boss” game with your friends”可知本段介绍通过和朋友玩游戏的方式使你幽默，故填game.
（8）考查名词。根据第六段中的“One of the factors that drive the popularity of shows like Modern Family or movies like the classic Ferris Bueller's Day Off”可知建议我们看有趣的表演或电影，故填movies / films.
（9）考查副词。根据第六段中的“they take somewhat universal situations that many people find frustrating and push them a little further, pointing out the silliness of it all.”中的universal situations可知此处修饰形容词用副词，故填universally.（
10）考查副词。根据最后一段“Whether you mean business or laugh at the silliness of it all中
mean business”可知表示认真地，严肃地，故填seriously.
【点评】本题考点涉及名词，形容词。动词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解所给材料的基础上，根据所给题目要求以及相关的语法知识，写出正确的答案。
12．任务型阅读
A peer is a person who is about the same age as you. Peers affect your life, whether you know it or not, just by spending time with you.
________ Maybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to remember the planets in solar system. Maybe you got others excited about your new favorite book and now everyone's reading it. However, sometimes peers affect one another in another way________ Maybe a kid in the neighborhood wanted you to steal with him.
Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, to fit in, or because they worry that other kids may make fun of them if they don't go along with the group.________ The idea that “everyone's doing it” may influence some kids to leave their better judgments or their common senses behind.
Peer pressure can be extremely strong and hard to get rid of. Experiments have shown how peer pressure can influence someone to change her/his mind from what she/he knows for sure is a correct answer to the incorrect answer-just because everyone else gives the incorrect answer!________
________ Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do. Inner strength and self-confidence can help you stand firm, walk away and resist doing something when you know better. A. Peers can have a good effect on one another. B. Peer pressure is the direct influence on people by peers. C. Good peers may give you a hand when you are in trouble. D. That holds true for people of any age in peer pressure situations. E. Maybe one kid in school tried to get another to cut class with him. F. It can be hard to walk away from peer pressure, but it can be done.
G. Others may go along because they are curious to try something new that others are doing. 【答案】A；E；G；D；F
【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。主要讲述 同龄人之间的影响既好的效果也会有不好的影响。有些孩子屈服于同龄人的压力，也有些孩子可能非常强烈，很难摆脱，但只要坚定信念，也能抵制住这种压力。
（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段的内容可知，同伴之间可以相互影响的。同伴间既有好的影响同，也有不良的影响。而前半部分说的是好的效果。分析选项可知A项（同伴可以互相产生良好的效果。）符合题意，故答案选A正确。
（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段指同伴之间的相互影响，根据“. However, sometimes peers affect one another in another way”及下句“Maybe a kid in the neighborhood wanted you to steal with him.”可知，是不好的影响。再根据下句的句式，只是一种推测，分析选项可知E项（也许学校里有个孩子想找个同学和他一起逃课。）符合题意，故答案选E项。
（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。空后的下一句“The idea that “everyone's doing it” may influence some kids to leave their better judgments or their common senses behind.”可知，“每个人都这样做”的想法可能会一些孩子没有了更好的判断力或常识。”由此可判断G项（其他人可能会一起做，因为他们很好奇尝试其他人正在做的新事物。）符合题意，故答案选这G项。
（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据第四段中的第一句“Peer pressure can be extremely strong and hard to get rid of.”可知同龄人的压力可能非常强烈，很难摆脱。由此可判断，这这种情况，任何年龄段的人都适用，分析选项可知D项（在同龄人压力情况下，任何年龄段的人都适用。）符合题意，故答案选D项。
（5）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后的内容可知，自己要坚定信念，到底什么是正确的什么是错误的，这样就能让你知道该做什么。内在的力量和自信能帮助你不受同龄人的压力，就能抵制你不应当做的事情。由此可知，虽然摆脱同龄人的压力很难，但只要自己意志坚定，也可做到。分析选项可知，F项（很难摆脱同伴的压力，但这是可以做到的。）符合题意，故答案选F项。 【点评】阅读理解七选五解题技巧：词语复现
词语复现包括原词复现和同反义词复现，及正确选项和空格前后句子有相同的词或同反义词相互呼应。抓住这些复现线索，题目自然迎刃而解。
需要指出的是，词语复现法解题十分管用，但这并不意味着凡与上下文有复现词的选项就一定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大，在解题过程中需重点考虑或优选考虑而已。是否为正确答案，还得将选项代入原文，检验选项与上下文能否自然衔接，只有上下衔接紧密的才是正确选项。
13．任务型阅读
Habits to Be a Highly Effective Student
Some students are able to get straight A's and at the same time serve as the president of three clubs. However, some students struggle to keep their GPA (Grade-Point Average) above a 3.0________Although it's true that everyone's IQ is different, good study habits are very important. Here5re several habits you should adopt to get good grades.
________ If you haven't had a planner (规划薄), get one. Many people use their computers and smartphones to make a schedule. The problem with that approach is that they are major distractions (分心的事物). Instead, get an old-fashioned paper and pen planner.
Create a weekly schedule________Include time that will be spent eating, sleeping and doing anything not related to school work. That way you know exactly how much you can accomplish each day.
Take frequent, short breaks. Taking a break from studying for 15 minutes every hour will help keep you refreshed________ If you don't take a break, you may find yourself daydreaming or even falling asleep. Take some time for some water, a snack or a quick chat with a friend. Take care of yourself. During final exam week, it is common for students to fall behind on sleep and meals. Make sure you get a good night's sleep and have regular meals. Studying while hungry or sleepy is ineffective and will slow you down in the long run. Also try to make time for friends
and family________ A. Keep things organized. B. Keep away from your computers. C. Of course, not everyone needs breaks.
D. Our brains are not meant to work for hours nonstop. E. Having a good support system will help with all the stress. F. And they seem to spend all of their time in studying. G. Then under each day, make a list of things to do each hour. 【答案】E；A；G；D；E
【解析】【分析】文章主要介绍了学习效率高的学生所拥有的四个习惯。
（1）根据第一段Some students are able to get straight A's and at the same time serve as the president of three clubs. However, some students struggle to keep their GPA.第一句一些学生能够得A。而一些学生则挣扎着只能得到平均分，他们似乎花很多时间在学习。此处是接前句，表明的平均分的人其实也很努力，接下来引出主题，好的学习习惯很重要。故答案为E。
（2）根据空后的句子If you haven't had a planner (规划薄), get one.可知，作者强调要有规划，所以让一切组织好。故答案为A。
（3）第二条建议是列个时间表。所以要列举每小时做的事情，再接后句甚至包括吃饭，睡觉的时间。故答案为G。
（4）本段介绍的好习惯为要经常段时间休息一下。在根据后句如果不休息，你可能发现自己白日做梦或昏昏欲睡，所以，前句表明人需要休息，大脑不能无休止地工作。故答案为D。
（5）根据前句要花时间跟家人和朋友在一起，后句应该是家人和朋友能给自己提供支持和帮助。故答案为E。
【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤
1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。 2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。 3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。
14．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Panda Ant is a most unusual species with a lovely appearance. ________ They look like ants but actually they belong to the wasp（黄蜂）family. The differences between the two sexes of the species are also very pronounced in both appearance and behavior. When fully grown, the male, possibly attaining a length of approximately 0. 8 centimeters, is several times larger than the female. ________ Cute as panda ants may look, they are dangerous and capable of knocking out an animal much larger than they are with a few stings（刺）.
Panda ants primarily depend on flowers sweet liquid as their food. ________ The female panda ant often lays its eggs in a bee or wasp nest. When the young ones. hatch, they will eat their pupa（蛹）hosts.
________ So although a female panda ant lays approximately 2, 000 eggs a year, a considerable amount of eggs to support their survival, this species is still on the edge of dying out. This species was first discovered in the coastal region of Central Chile in 1938. ________ Today, they are likely to be found in dry desert and sandy areas such as Southwestern United States and parts of Mexico.
A. It's a new fashion to raise panda ants as pets. B. The name comes from their colors as pandas. C. Yet young panda ants are meat-eaters.
D. No one believes the panda ant is the relative of bees.
E. Besides, the males are active at night while the females opposite. F. Unfortunately, many panda ants are eaten for their bright colors. G. Then little attention was given to it until recently. 【答案】 B；E；C；F；G
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了一种非常不寻常的物种——熊猫蚂蚁。
A. It's a new fashion to raise panda ants as pets.把熊猫作为宠物饲养是一种新的时尚。 B. The name comes from their colors as pandas.这个名字来自熊猫的颜色。 C. Yet young panda ants are meat-eaters.然而，年轻的熊猫蚂蚁是食肉动物。
D. No one believes the panda ant is the relative of bees.没有人相信熊猫蚂蚁是蜜蜂的亲戚。 E. Besides, the males are active at night while the females opposite.此外，雄性在夜间活动，而雌性则相反。
F. Unfortunately, many panda ants are eaten for their bright colors.不幸的是，许多熊猫蚂蚁因为鲜艳的颜色而被吃掉。
G. Then little attention was given to it until recently.直到最近，对它的关注很少。
（1）根据前句The Panda Ant is a most unusual species with a lovely appearance.可知这里来解释熊猫蚂蚁名字的由来。故选B。
（2）根据前句When fully grown, the male, possibly attaining a length of approximately 0. 8 centimeters, is several times larger than the female.可知，这里继续讲雄蚁与雌蚁的区别。故选E。
（3）根据前句Panda ants primarily depend on flowers sweet liquid as their food.中的关键词food可知，这里接着前句叙述小熊猫蚂蚁的食物。故选C。
（4）根据后句So although a female panda ant lays approximately 2，000 eggs a year, a considerable amount of eggs to support their survival, this species is still on the edge of dying out.中关键词support their survival和the edge of dying out可知，许多熊猫蚂蚁被吃。故选F。 （5）根据前句This species was first discovered in the coastal region of Central Chile in 1938.可知，直到最近才引起人们的注意。故选G。
【点评】七选五的答案选项较少并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或句子但后面的标点符号来判断该句在我在中的位置。另外通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项表达不同意思的句子，就可以直接将该选项排除。
15．请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格里填上一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Asthma(哮喘) is a long-lasting breathing disease that affects millions of Americans, many of whom are children. People who get asthma will suffer from lack of breath, difficulty in breathing or coughing--which are caused by the tightening of the muscles in airways. Untreated asthma can lead to poor lung function and death, but asthma can also be effectively controlled with proper treatments.
Research is discovering genes that contribute to the development of asthma. This development has pointed researchers to the role of indoor and outdoor pollution as environmental factors that contribute to the increased occurrence of asthma. The Indoor Pollution
Indoor pollution has increased with the developments in building materials and in heating and air conditioning systems. In addition to poisonous gases that come from paint, other materials like dust and perfumes used in household products such as washing powder are recycled continuously through the house, winter and summer.
Unlike the days before central heating or before whole-house air conditioning, these materials and chemicals cannot get out of modern homes. Most often, they cause breathing problems in the members of the family with the least-developed autoimmune(自身免疫的) systems. Proper venting (通风) and use of environmentally-friendly building materials and carpeting can help reduce the presence of these chemicals. The Out door pollution
Researchers have also established outdoor pollution's role as a probable cause of asthma. Asthma has been proven to result from some fuel products. Smog and the small matters carried by it have been recognized as a factor which leads to asthma since the 19th century when London saw more and more diseases in the industrial population. Industrial pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illnesses. Those most affected by the increase of industrial and environmental pollution are children. Although much has been done to control the levels of pollution in the US, there still remains much to do as it is a worldwide phenomenon. Until an international effort can be made to limit carbon emissions, the occurrence of environmental asthma will probably continue to increase. The ________ between asthma and air pollution The ________ of ● lack of breath ● difficulty in breathing ● coughing The possible ________ ● poor lung function of untreated asthma ________ contributing Indoor ●It is ________ by building materials and heating and air ● death asthma to the increased pollution conditioning systems. ●________ some poisonous gases, dust and perfumes worsen pollution. ●Some material and chemicals________ in modern homes. asthma Outdoor pollution ●Smog and the small matters carried by it cause asthma, which is proven by a(n) ________ number of lung diseases in the industrial population. ●Industrial pollutants and other chemicals in water are________ to people's health.79 to people's health. Conclusion Only when all countries join together to limit carbon emissions can people be ________ rom suffering environmental asthma. 【答案】 relationship／relation／connection／association／link；symptoms；consequences／results／effects；Factors；caused/ increased；Besides；remain/ stay；increased/ increasing；harmful；prevented/stopped/ kept/ away/ free/ freed
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，分析了哮喘产生的原因，从室内污染和室外污染两个方面来进行阐述。
（1）考查推理判断。本文讨论了哮喘和空气污染的关系，从中文“关系，联系”出发，答案范围广。故填relationship ／relation ／connection ／ association ／ link。
（2）考查推理判断。结合第一段对哮喘发病情况的解释，可选择出总结词“症状”。故填symptoms。
（3）考查细节理解。根据“Untreated asthma can lead to poor lung function and death,”可知，这里是指“结果”。故填consequences／ results／effects 。
（4）考查概括归纳。根据第二段中的“This development has pointed researchers to the role of indoor and outdoor pollution as environmental factors that contribute to the increased occurrence of asthma.，”结合题目含义，这里是因素。故填Factors 。
（5）考查细节理解。根据“indoor pollution has increased with”结构，其实就是因果关系，所以这里是被动结构。故填caused/ increased。
（6）考查信息归纳。根据“in addition to” 进行替换，“除了，还包括”的意思。故填Besides。
（7）考查推理判断。根据\"these materials and chemicals cannot get out modern homes\"指的是这些材料并没有随时间消失，一直存在。故填remain/ stay。
（8）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“saw more and more diseases in the industrial population. Industrial pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illnesses.”，可知是越来越多的疾病。故填increased/ increasing。 （9）考查推理判断。根据“saw more and more diseases in the industrial population. Industrial pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illnesses.”可知，这类污染物对人体有害，会导致疾病。故填harmful 。
（10）考查推理判断。根据最后一段，得知是阻止be from doing 固定搭配，表示否定含
义。故填prevented/stopped/ kept/ away/ free/ freed。
【点评】本题审计推理判断，细节理解和信息归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在理解所给材料的基础上，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。
16．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How much do you know about colors? The colors that you select create a distinct atmosphere in the room. ________
Pick the color for your room and you can create whatever you feel like. The color will also help you to enlarge the space or making it more inviting, which will also make differently all about it. However, the trick is to select the right version of that particular color. There are different hues (色调) for blues, for instance. ________ Here we have presented a guide that will let you gain a deep insight about the colors. Blue
________ For kitchen, bathrooms and bedrooms it is an ideal choice. Of course it is also associated with sadness that means it may not strike note for each and everyone. It is a popular choice among people. Blue comes from the cold side of the color wheel, so it can make the room feel cold, unless and until it is south filling space. If you are attracted to blue color, think of going for purple, or mix red and purple.
Dark blue is best for a living room. Probably it is best reserved for high ceiling space. ________ Green
Like blue, green is also a calm shade. ________ It is the shade that reflects nature and renewal. Green produces a positive energy without the feeling of overstimulation. A. Colors can light up the mood of the room. B. You can use it for a living room or a bedroom.
C. They won't create similar effect and atmosphere generally. D. Traditionally, blue is just related to calmness and comfort. E. It is better that you select colors that are very warm like blue. F. Dark blue will really make you feel the wall appear near to you. G. But before diving into any decision, here's what you need to know. 【答案】 G；C；D；F；B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。我们为自己的房间所选的颜色会对我们的感受产生一定的影响。
（1）根据上文“The colors that you select create a distinct atmosphere in the room.”可知颜色的选择会在房间里创造了一种独特的氛围。本空指在你做任何决定之前，你需要了解“颜色”的相关知识，故选G。
（2）根据上文“However, the trick is to select the right version of that particular color. There are different hues (色调) for blues, for instance.”可知颜色有不同的版本，因此会产生不同的效果和氛围，故选C。
（3）根据标题可知，本段主要讲述“蓝色”带给人的感受，故根据标题Blue可定位到D选
项：传统上，蓝色只与平静和舒适有关。故选D。
（4）根据上文“Dark blue is best for a living room. Probably it is best reserved for high ceiling space.”可知本段主要讲“Dark blue”故可定位到F选项：深蓝色会让你觉得墙离你很近。故选F。
（5）根据后文“Green produces a positive energy without the feeling of overstimulation.”可知绿色产生一种积极的能量，没有过度刺激的感觉。故绿色适合客厅和卧室，故选B。 【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤
1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。 2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。 3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。
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