笔试全真预测试题(三)
Section Ⅱ Use of English
(15 minutes)
Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Some people believe that international sport creates goodwill (31) the nations and that if countries play (32) together they will learn to live together. (33) say that the opposite is true, that international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably (34) truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done (35) to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood. Not only was here the tragic (36) involving the murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by (37) incidents caused principally by minor national contests.
One country received its second-place medals with visible indignation after the hockey final. (38) had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, the losers (39) to the final decisions. They were convinced that one of their goals should have been disallowed and that their opponents' victory was unfair. Their manager was in a rage when he said: \"This wasn't hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished.\" The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result (40) the suspension of the team for at least three years.
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The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place (41) Russia, after a disputable end to (42) contest. The game had ended in disturbance. It was thought at first (43) the United States had won, by a single (44) , but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play. A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the (45) , and another player popped it into the basket.
It was the first time the USA had (46) lost any Olympic basketball match. An appeal jury debated the matter for four and a half hours (47) announcing that the result would (48) . The American players then voted not to receive the silver medals. Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or (49) non-national teams, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that (50) aggressive patriotism.
Section Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
(50 minutes) Part A
Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. TEXT 1
In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while
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at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.
Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of \"trash talk\". The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the eye, common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society's moral catastrophes, yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments of other people's lives.
Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual's quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors.
Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a \"final word\". He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.
Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show's main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with life's tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18-to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show's exploitation.
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While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.
51. Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are______ .
[A] more family-oriented
[B] unusually popular
[C] more profound
[D] relatively formal
52. Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience______ .
[A] remain fascinated by them
[B] are ready to face up to them
[C] remain indifferent to them
[D] are willing to get involved in them
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53. Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?
[A] A new type of robot.
[B] Racist hatred.
[C] Family budget planning.
[D] Street violence.
54. Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both______ .
[A] ironical
[B] sensitive
[C] instructive
[D] cynical
55. We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows______ .
[A] have monopolized the talk show circuit
[B] exploit the weaknesses in human nature
[C] appear at different times of the day
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[D] are targeted at different audiences
TEXT 2
Male lions are rather reticent about expending their energy in hunting—more than three quarters of kills are made by lionesses. Setting off at dusk on a hunt, the lionesses are in front, tensely scanning ahead, the cubs lag playfully behind, and the males bring up the rear, walking slowly, their heads nodding with each step as if they are bored with the whole matter. But slothfulness may have survival value. With lionesses busy hunting, the males function as guards for the cubs, protecting them particularly from hyenas.
Hunting lionesses have learnt to take advantage of their environment. Darkness provides them with cover, and at dusk they often wait near animals they want to kill until their outlines blend into the surroundings. Small prey, such as gazelle, present lions with no problem. They are simply grabbed with the paws, or slapped down and finished off with a bite in the neck. A different technique is used with large animals, such as wild beast. Usually a lioness pulls her prey down after running up behind it, and then seizes it by the throat, strangling it. Or she may place her mouth over the muzzle of a downed animal, and suffocate it.
Lions practice remarkably sophisticated cooperative hunting techniques. Sighting prey, lionesses usually fan out and stalk closer until one is within striking distance. The startled herd may scatter or blot to one side right into a hidden lioness. Sometimes lionesses surround their quarry. While perhaps three crouch and wait, a fourth may backtrack and then circle far around and approach from the opposite side, a technique not unknown in human warfare.
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No obvious signals pass between the lions, other than that they watch one another. A tactic may also be adapted to a particular situation. One pride of lions often pursued prey at the end of narrow strip of land between two streams. Several lionesses would sit and wait until gazelle wandered into this natural dead-end. Then they would spread out and advance quite in the open, having learnt that the gazelle would not try to escape by running into the bush beside the river, but would run back the way they had come.
A lioness has no trouble pulling down an animal of twice her weight. But a buffalo, which may scale a ton, presents problems. One lioness and a young bull battled for an hour and a half, the buffalo whirling around to face the cat with lowered horns whenever she came close. Finally she gave up and allowed him to walk away. But on another occasion, five males came across an old bull. He stood in a swamp, belly-deep in mud and water, safely facing his tormentors on the shore. Suddenly, inexplicably, he plodded towards them, intent it seemed on committing suicide. One lion grabbed his rump, another placed his paws on the bull's back and bit into the flesh. Slowly, without trying to defend himself, the buffalo sank to his knees and, with one lion holding his throat and another his muzzle, died of suffocation.
56. When the lions go out hunting for food, the males usually______ .
[A] spend most of its energy guarding the family
[B] have the task of protecting the young cubs from any attack
[C] help lionesses to strike at and kill the prey
[D] are too lazy to do anything
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57. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
[A] Lions usually come out in the early evening
[B] Male lions often act as attackers and killers when hunting
[C] Lions do not use the same technique when hunting
[D] Female lions can kill animals twice their own weight
58. Hunting cooperatively, lions would try to catch their prey by______ .
[A] seizing its throat first
[B] frightening it to death
[C] fighting single-handedly
[D] rounding it up first
59. The old buffalo was killed because______ .
[A] he decided to commit suicide
[B] he was too old to fight back
[C] there were five lions against him
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[D] he left the swamp
60. This passage best answers which of the following questions?
[A] How do lions hunt in the wilderness?
[B] Why are lions afraid of buffalo?
[C] What is the function of the male lion in the pride?
[D] How intelligent are animals in the cat family?
TEXT 3
Although social changes in the United States were being wrought throughout most of the nineteenth century, public awareness of the changes increased to new levels in the 1890's. The acute, growing public awareness of the social changes that had been taking place for some time was tied to tremendous growth in popular journalism in the late nineteenth century, including growth in quantity and circulation of both magazines and newspapers. These developments, in addition to the continued growth of cities, were significant factors in the transformation of society from one characterized by relatively isolated self-contained communities into an urban, industrial nation The decade of the 1870's, for example, was a period in which the sheer number of newspapers doubled, and by 1880 the New York Graphic had published the first photographic reproduction in a newspaper, portending a dramatic rise in newspaper readership. Between 1882 and 1886 alone, the price of daily newspapers dropped from four cents a copy, to one cent, made possible in part by a great
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increase in demand. Furthermore, the introduction in 1890 of the first successful line-type machine promised even further growth. In 1872 only two daily newspapers could claim a circulation of over 100, 000, but by 1892 seven more newspapers exceeded that figure. A world beyond the immediate community was rapidly becoming visible.
But it was not newspapers alone that were bringing the new awareness to people in the United States in the late nineteenth century. Magazines as they are known today began publication around 1882, and, in fact, the circulation of weekly magazines exceeded that of newspapers in the period which followed. By 1892, for example, file circulation of the Ladies' Home Journal had reached an astounding 700, 000. An increase in book readership also played a significant part in this general trend. For example, Edward Bellamy's utopian novel, Looking Backward, sold over a million copies in 1888, giving rise to the growth of organizations dedicated to the realization of Bellamy's vision of the future. The printed word, unquestionably, was intruding on the insulation that had characterized United States society in an earlier period.
61. According to the passage, the expansion of popular journalism was linked to______ .
[A] changes in the distribution system
[B] a larger supply of paper
[C] an increase in people's awareness of social changes
[D] greater numbers of journalists
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62. According to the passage, the New York Graphic's inclusion of photographs contributed to______ .
[A] the closing of newspapers that did not use photographs
[B] newspapers' becoming more expensive
[C] an increase in the number of people reading newspapers
[D] a reduction in the cost of advertising
63. Why was there a drop in the price of daily newspapers between 1882 and 1886?
[A] There was a rise in demand.
[B] Newspapers had fewer pages.
[C] Newspapers contained photographic reproductions.
[D] Magazines began to compete with newspapers.
64. What does the author mean by the statement \"A world beyond the immediate' community was rapidly becoming visible\" in lines 15—16?
[A] Photographs made newspapers more interesting.
[B] The United States exported newspapers to other countries.
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[C] People were becoming increasingly aware of national and international issues.
[D] Communities remained isolated despite tile growth of popular journalism.
65. Why does the author mention Edward Bellamy's novel Looking Backward?
[A] To illustrate how advanced the technology of printing had become.
[B] To emphasize the influence of the printed word on a society undergoing rapid change.
[C] To document its prediction about the popularity of newspapers.
[D] To demonstrate that books had replaced newspapers and magazines as the leading source of information.
Part B
In the following article, some paragraphs have been removed. For questions 66—70, choose the most suitable paragraph from the list A—F to fit into each of the numbered gaps. There is ONE paragraph which does not fit in any of the gaps. 'Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. The year 1972 was marked by publication of a controversial book, The Limits to Growth. This study of the world's future, done by a team of MIT scientists with the aid of computer \"mode-s\" of the future of our society, forecast a planet wide disaster unless humankind sharply limits its population growth and consumption of natural resources.
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66.________________________.
Many refused to believe that disaster is possible, probable, inevitable--if we don't change our mode of running Spaceship Earth. But science fiction people were neither surprised nor outraged. The study was really old news to them. They'd been making their own \"models\" of tomorrow and testing them all their lives.
For what the scientists attempted with their computer model is very much like the thing that science fiction writers and readers have been doing for decades. Instead of using a computer to \"model\" a future world society, science fiction writers have used their human imaginations; This gives the writers some enormous advantages.
67.________________________.
Science fiction writers are not in the business of predicting the future. They do something much more important. They try to show the many possible futures that lie open to us.
For there is not simply a future, a time to come that's inevitable. Our future is built, hit by bit, minute by minute, by the actions of human beings. One vital role of science fiction is to show what kinds of future might result from certain kinds of human actions.
68.________________________.
For while a scientist' s job has largely ended when he' s reduced his data to tabular or graph form, the work of a science fiction writer is just beginning. His task is to convey the
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human story: the scientific basis for the possible future of his story is merely the background. Perhaps \"merely\" is too limiting a word. Much of science fiction consists of precious little except the background, the basic idea, the gimmick. But the best of science fiction, the stories that make a lasting impact on generations of readers, are stories about people. The people may be non-human. They may be robots or other types of machines. But they will be people, in the sense that human readers can feel for them, share their joys and sorrows, their dangers and their ultimate successes.
69.________________________.
The formula for telling a powerful story has remained the same: create a strong character, a person of great strengths, capable of deep emotions and decisive action. Give him a weakness. Set him in conflict with another powerful character—or perhaps with nature. Let his exterior conflict be the mirror of the protagonist's own interior conflict, the clash of his desires, his own strength against his own weakness. And there you have a story. Whether it' s Abraham offering his only son to God, or Paris bringing ruin to Troy over a woman, or Hamlet and Claudius playing their deadly game, Faust seeking the world' s knowledge and power—the stories that stand out in the minds of the readers are those whose characters are unforgettable.
70.________________________.
The writer of science fiction must show how these worlds and these futures affect human beings. And something much more important, he must show how human beings can and do literally create these future worlds. For our future is largely in our own hands. It doesn't come blindly rolling out of the heavens; it is the joint product of the actions of
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billions of human beings. This is a point that's easily forgotten in the rush of headlines and the hectic badgering of everyday life. But it's a point that science fiction makes constantly, the future belongs to us—whatever it is. We make it, our actions shape tomorrow. We have the brains and guts to build paradise (or at least try). Tragedy is when we fail, and the greatest crime of all is when we fail even to try.
Thus science fiction stands as a bridge between science and art, between the engineers of technology and the poets of humanity. Never has such a bridge been more desperately needed.
Writing in the British journal New Scientist, the famed poet and historian Robert Graves said in 1912, \"Technology is now warring openly against the crafts, and science covertly against poetry.\"
What Graves is expressing is the fear that many people have: technology has already allowed machines to replace human muscle power; now it seems that machines such as electronic computers might replace human brainpower. And he goes even further, criticizing science on the grounds that truly human endeavors ours such as poetry have a power that scientists can't recognize,
[A] The art of fiction has not changed much since prehistoric times.
[B] To communicate the ideas, the fears and hopes, the shape and feel of all the infinite possible futures, science fiction writers lean heavily on another of their advantages: the art of fiction.
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[C] One of the advantages is flexibility.
[D] Most people were caught by surprise when the book came out.
[E] To show other worlds, to describe possible future societies and the five problems lurking ahead, is not enough.
[F] Apparently Graves sees scientists as a sober, plodding phalanx of soulless thinking machines, never making a step that hasn't been carefully thought out in advance.
Part C
Read the following text and answer questions 71-80 by choosing A, B, C or D. Some choices may be required more than once. A = Washington D.C. B = New York City
C = Chicago D = Los Angeles
Which book(s) say(s) that...
71. is the headquarter of the Supreme court.
72. was discovered as early as 1524.
73. has served as the capital of the country.
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74. is now the largest industrial city in the country.
75. leads the country in the manufacture of aircraft and spare parts.
76. is the largest city.
77. is the second largest city in population in U. S. A..
78. has become one of the world's busiest ports.
79. covers an area of over 69 square miles.
80.is now considered the center of industry, transportation, commerce and finance in the mid-west area.
1. Washington D. C.
Washington, the capital of the United States, is in Washington D. C. and is situated on the Potomac River between the two states of Maryland and Virginia. The population of the city is about 800, 000 and it covers an area of over 69 square miles (including 8 square miles of water surface). The section was named the District of Columbia after Christopher Columbus, who discovered the continent. The city itself was named Washington after George Washington, the first president of U. S. A..
The building of the city was accomplished in 1800 and since that year, it has served as the capital of the country. Thomas Jefferson was the first president inaugurated there. In the War of 1812, the British army seized the city, burning the White House and many other
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buildings.
Washington is the headquarters of all the branches of the American federal system. Congress, the Supreme Court and the Presidency.
Apart from the government buildings, there are also some other places of interest such as the Washington Monument, the Lincoln Memorial, the Jefferson Memorial, the Library of Congress and Mt. Vernon, home of George Washington.
2. New York City
New York City, located in New York State, is the largest city and the chief port of the United States. The city of New York has a population of over 7 million (1970) and Metro politan, 12 million. The city has five boroughs: Manhattan, the Bronx, Queen's Brooklyn and Richmond.
The city with its good harbor was discovered as early as 1524, and it was established by the Dutch who named the city New Amsterdam. In 1664, the city was taken by the English and it got the name New York as it bears now. During the American Revolution in 1776, George Washington had his head-quarters for a time in New York City. The Declaration of Independence was first read there on July 4th, 1776. The city remained the nation's capital until 1790.
New York became an important port early in the last century. A large portion of the national exports passed through New York Harbor. New York has become one of the world's busiest ports and also the financial, manufacturing, and travel center of the country.
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Some of the places of interest in the city are: the Statue of Liberty ( 152 meters high) which was given by the French people to the American people as a gift in 1877. It was erected on Liberty Island in the middle of New York Harbor. Broadway, Wall Street and Fifth Avenue are a few of New York's more famous streets. Wall Street, where many famous banks are centered, is the financial center of America and has become a symbol of the American monopoly capitalism. Fifth Avenue is the street with famous stores and shops. Time Square is in the center of New York City, at Broadway and 42nd Street. Greenwich Village is an art center. Many American artists and writers have lived and worked there. The group of the third largest city buildings of the United Nations stand along the East River at the end of the 42nd Street.
3. Chicago
Chicago, the second largest city in population in the United States, lies on the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan at a point where the Chicago River enters the lake.
The city is now the largest industrial city in the country. Both heavy and light industries are highly developed, particularly the former. Black metallurgical industry and meat processing are assumed to be the head in the U. S.. It is now considered the center of industry, transportation, commerce and finance in the mid-west area.
The working class in Chicago has a glorious revolutionary tradition. On May 1st, 1886, thousands upon thousands of workers in the city and the country went on strike for the eight hour workday and succeeded. Since 1890, May 1st has been observed every year as an International Labor Day.
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On March 8th 1909, women workers in Chicago held a big strike for freedom and equal rights with men and since 1910, March 8th has been celebrated each year as an International Working Women's Day.
4. Los Angeles
Los Angeles is situated near the Pacific coast in California. It is an important center of shipping, industry and communication.
The city was first founded by a Spanish explorer in 1542 and turned over to the U. S. in 1846.
The city leads the country in the manufacture of aircraft and spare parts and the area has become an aviation center. California is a leading state in the production of electronic products and the area of Los Angeles has grown into an important electronic center.
Since the first American movie was made in Los Angeles in 1908, the city has remained the film center of the United States. Hollywood, the base of the film industry in the city, is a world famous film producing center.
Section Ⅳ Writing
(40 minutes)
Many people think that nowadays people are being subjected to more and more pressure in their work, and thus are having less and less time to relax. What's your opinion?
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You should write no less than 250 words. Write your article on ANSWER SHEET 2.
笔试全真预测试题(三)答案
31. between 32. games 36. incident 37. less 41. to 42. their 46. ever 47. before Part A Text I 51. B Text 2 56. B Text 3 61. C Part B 66. D Section Ⅱ Use of English
33. Others 34. some 35. little
38. There 39. objecting 40. in
43. that 44. point 45. other
48. stand 49. in 50. encourages
Section Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
52. A 53. C 54. C 55. D
57. B 58. D 59. D 60. A
62. C 63. A 64. C 65. B
67. C 68. B 69. A 70. E
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Part C 71. A 72. B 73. A 74. C 75. D
76. B 77. C 78. B 79. A 80. C
Section Ⅳ Writing
[范文]
In modern society, especially in big cities, undoubtedly hard work has become a very important feature of ordinary people's everyday life. It seems that many people are under the impression that their work is becoming more pressing and urgent, and thus they sacrifice more and more leisure time.
In the first place, with the rapid development of science and technology, work today is more demanding than it used to be. For example, college graduat6s nowadays have to master English, computer science and driving skills before they can find decent jobs. People have to spend more time acquiring new techniques and skills. And their spare time tends to be fully occupied, not with leisure pursuits, but with work-related pursuits.
In the second place, competition is becoming more intense. Many people feel anxious that they may be \"laid-off\" if they can't work as hard as others. And they also feel at a disadvantage before new graduates. Therefore, it is understandable that people keep themselves, involved in intensely hard work in order to preserve their positions.
In my opinion, the worst aspect of this phenomenon is that the huge pressure of work will gradually affect people's mental health. Excessively hard work means that people can
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never get rid of the fatigue of their work, even in their leisure time. This means that they can not enjoy a normal life.
In a word, in modern society overwork is stealing our leisure time. However, I believe this problem will be settled eventually with the development of science and technology.
[解析]
文章的首段介绍场景并明确表态：我认为许多人工作压力很大，因而牺牲了很多的空闲You’re your opinion类题目首段的典型写法，这类题目在首段必须表明自己的观点并在主体段落中进行论证。主体段落从三个角度来分析人们工作压力大的原因，每一个原因写一个自然段，每一段的开头都有衔接手段，in the first place，in the second place，in my opinion。这些衔接手段使文章脉络分明，层次清晰。人们工作压力大首先是科技发展的需要，其次是因为竞争日益激烈，最后一点是工作压力已经逐渐影响了人们的心理健康。结尾段对主体段落进行总结，in a word(总而言之)，再次重申自己的观点：现代社会巨大的工作压力已经占据了我们的空闲时间。但结尾段的最后一句话又对解决这一问题表示一种乐观的态度，我相信随着科技的发展这个问题会得以解决。这句话并不是画蛇添足，反而显得作者不是很武断，比较客观。
Agree or disagree类(同意与否)
此类文章要求考生对观点表明自己是同意还是不同意。这种题目的写作指令中常常出现以下一些词语：Do you agree or disagree ? To what extent do you support this statement ? To what extent do you agree or disagree?
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