中考英语试卷分类汇编英语 任务型阅读理解(附答案)

一、英语任务型阅读

1．根据短文内容，完成问题。

Pakistani girl Malala Yousafzai is the youngest ever to win the Nobel Peace Prize. She has become the voice of girls throughout the world.

Born in Swat Valley in Pakistan in 1997, Malala lived a quiet life until 2009, when the Taliban(), an Islamic organization of violence(暴力) took control of her village. ① . They believed educating girls was against Islam. But Malala didn't agree. She wouldn't give up her education and kept going to school. ② \"What is wrong with us girl students? We want all girls to get their schools back,\" she wrote. Her hard work encouraged many young girls in Swat Valley. ③ On Oct.9, 2012, when Malala was taking a bus home, a Taliban man got on the bus with a gun in his hand. A bullet immediately hit her in the face. Luckily, the shot didn't kill her. She was taken to a hospital in the UK. The shot didn't kill her courage, either. ④ Her courage made her famous.

She has spoken at the United Nations, met world leaders and written a book named I Am Malala.

OnOct.10, 2013, the EP awarded Malala the top human rights prize. They said,\" She is an icon(符号) of courage for all teenagers who dare to follow their aspirations(愿望).\" A. However, her actions also put her in danger. B. They stopped girls from getting an education. C. Now she is still calling for education rights for girls. D. And she started to write a blog against the Taliban. （1）从下面四个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整 ①________ ②________ ③________ ④________ （2）What may be the best title for this passage? A. Dreans of peace B. A gun shot in Pakistan C. Voice of courage D. Education rights for girls 【答案】 （1）B；D；A；C （2）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了巴基斯坦女孩尤萨夫扎伊是有史以来获得诺贝尔和平奖最年轻的人。她不放弃教育，一直学习，她的艰辛工作鼓励着许多女孩，已成为全世界女孩勇气的声音。

（1）A. However, her actions also put her in danger.然而，她的行为也使她处于危险之中。 B. They stopped girls from getting an education.他们阻止女孩接受教育。

C. Now she is still calling for education rights for girls.现在她仍在呼吁女孩享有受教育的权利。 D. And she started to write a blog against the Taliban.她开始写一篇反对的博客。 ①根据后句They believed educating girls was against Islam.可知他们认为教育女孩是违背伊

斯兰教的，可知前句讲的与受教育有关，故选B。

②根据后句\"What is wrong with us girl students? We want all girls to get their schools back,\" she wrote.“我们女生怎么了？她写道：“我们希望所有的女孩都能回到学校。”可知与写有关，故选D。

③根据后句On Oct.9, 2012, when Malala was taking a bus home, a Taliban man got on the bus with a gun in his hand.2012年10月9日，马拉拉乘车回家时，一名男子手持上了车，可知前句讲的是她处在危险中，故选A。

④根据前句The shot didn't kill her courage, either这一也没有扼杀她的勇气，可知后句讲的是呼吁女孩享有受教育的权利，故选C。

（2）根据全文可知主要讲了巴基斯坦女孩尤萨夫扎伊是有史以来获得诺贝尔和平奖最年轻的人。她不放弃教育，一直学习，她的艰辛工作鼓励着许多女孩，已成为全世界女孩勇气的声音。即勇气之声，故选C。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后从文中仔细寻找答案。

2．根据短文内容列要点。

Taohuayuan

It lies in Taoyuan County and is about 34 km away from Changde. The temples here were built in the 10th century. During the reign(统治) of Guangxu (1875-1908) of the Qing Dynasty, a scenic spot(景点) appeared according to an article written by Tao Yuanming, a famous writer of the Jin Dynasty. The tour area today is made up of four parts- the Taohua Mountain, the Taoxianling, the Taoyuan Mountain and the Qinren Village.

Changde Poem Wall

Changde Poem Wall is a 4-kilometre-long riverbank alongside the Yuanjiang, which is engraved(雕刻) with poems, handwriting and paintings and it is listed as the longest wall with engraved arts in Guinness Record.

Here is some information about ________ in Changde. There are ________ famous places that you can enjoy. Taohuayuan is about 34 kilometres away from Changde. In Taoyuan County, you can visit ________, the Taoxianling, the Taoyuan Mountain and the Qinren Village, Changde Poem Wall is about ________ long and it's famous for its poems, handwriting and ________. 【答案】 places of interest/ scenic spots；two；the Taohua Mountain；4 kilometres；paintings

【解析】【分析】主要讲了桃花源和常德诗墙。

（1）根据全文可知主要讲了桃花源和常德诗墙，即景点，places of interest/ scenic spots，故填places of interest/ scenic spots。

（2）根据全文可知主要讲了桃花源和常德诗墙，即两个著名的地方，故填two。 （3）根据The tour area today is made up of four parts- the Taohua Mountain, the Taoxianling, the Taoyuan Mountain and the Qinren Village. 今天的游览区由四个部分组成——陶化山、陶仙岭、陶源山和秦仁村。可知是陶化山，故填the Taohua Mountain。

（4）根据Changde Poem Wall is a 4-kilometre-long riverbank alongside the Yuanjiang常德诗墙是一条四公里长的河岸，与远江相邻，故填4 kilometers。

（5）根据which is engraved(雕刻) with poems, handwriting and paintings and it is listed as the longest wall with engraved arts in Guinness Record.上面刻有诗歌、书法和绘画，是吉尼斯世界纪录中最长的雕刻艺术墙，故填paintings。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后从文中仔细寻找答案。

3．阅读下面材料，归纳主旨大意并完成表格。每空限填一词。

Traveling can teach us a lot in our life. It gives us valuable lessons that schools may not teach. Experiences, skills or challenges we learn through journeys make us wiser and stronger. So let's see some lessons that traveling can bring to us. Throw ourselves into the surroundings （周围的事物).

The world is a wide classroom of life and traveling teaches us how to throw ourselves in a situation and enjoy the surroundings fully. This lesson is especially good for those searching for freedom ( 自由) in heart.

Don't allow unpleasant things to influence us.

A journey is not always full of happy moments. Sometimes it is an unpleasant memory: Being a traveler has its own difficulties such as missing planes, losing money, getting sick, and so on. However, don't let these things make our days unhappy. Everything will be OK, so enjoy the journey no matter what happens. Just do it.

We need to give some things that we may not experience a try. In other words, whether we have done it or not, just do it. Traveling -- A________ of Life Travelling can give us We should throw ourselves in a ________ and enjoy the surroundings ________. fully when traveling. No matter what happens during the journey, just enjoy it and nothing should ________ us. Whether we have done anything or not, just have a ________. 【答案】 teacher；(valuable)lessons；situation；influence；try 【解析】【分析】主要讲了旅行可以教给我们许多生活中的东西。

（1）根据Traveling can teach us a lot in our life.可知旅行可以教给我们迅速、许多东西，即旅行是我们的老师，即teacher，故填teacher。

（2）根据It gives us valuable lessons that schools may not teach.可知旅行可以给我们重要的课程，故填（valuable） lessons。

（3）根据traveling teaches us how to throw ourselves in a situation可知旅行教给我们怎样适应情境，即situation，故填situation。

（4）根据Don't allow unpleasant things to influence us，可知不要允许不高兴的事情影响我们，should后接动词原形，故填influence。

（5）根据We need to give some things that we may not experience a try.可知我们应该给我们没有经历的一些事情一个尝试，即try，故填try。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题仔细从文中寻找答案。

4．任务型阅读。阅读以下内容，并完成句子，每空词数不限。

Do some colours make you feel calm while others give you energy? Scientists have studied the connection between colours and mood for a long time. Many believe that colour can influence our moods.

Warm, bright colours such as yellow and red are positive colours. They can give people a pleasant feeling. Cool colours such as blue, purple, and green are relaxing colours. They help people experience calm feelings.

Many public places are decorated with certain colours in order to create certain moods. Orange makes people feel hungry, and many restaurants are painted this colour.

People use colour in their homes to create moods as well. Blue is a peaceful colour. It helps you rest, so it is a very good colour for a bedroom.

Colours can create bad moods too. Some types of blue make people feel sad. Red can make people feel angry.

What is your mood right now? Now look at the colour of the walls round you. Does it match your mood?

（1）Cool colours are relaxing colours and they help people experience ________. （2）Orange makes people________, and many restaurants are painted this colour. （3）People use colour in their homes to ________ as well. （4）Some types of ________ make people feel sad. （5）This passage mainly tells us how colour ________. 【答案】（1）calm feelings （2）feel hungry\\hungry （3）create moods （4）blue

（5）influences our moods/ can influence our moods

【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要讲了颜色对于情绪的影响。（1）依据短文中的句子“Cool colours such as blue, purple, and green are relaxing colours. They help people experience calm feelings.”可知，冷颜色如蓝色、紫色和绿色是放松的颜色。他们帮助人们体验平静的感觉。故答案为calm feelings。（2）依据短文中的句子“Orange makes people feel hungry, and many restaurants are painted this colour.”可知，橙色让人感到饿，许多餐馆都涂成这个颜色。故答案为feel hungry\\hungry。（3）依据短文中的句子“People use colour in their homes to create moods as well.”可知，人们在家使用颜色营造一种情绪。故答案为create moods。（4）依据短文中的句子“Some types of blue make people feel sad.”可知，某些类型的蓝色让人感到悲伤。故答案为blue。（5）依据短文中的句子“Many believe that colour can influence our moods.”以及短文中的介绍：黄色和红色是积极的颜色。他们可以给人一种愉快的感觉；蓝色、紫色和绿色是放松的颜色，他们帮助人们体验平静的感觉；橙色让人感到饿；蓝色是一个和平的颜色。它帮助你休息；颜色也可以创建心情不好。蓝色让人感到悲伤；红色可以让人们感到愤怒。故答案为influences our moods/ can influence our moods。

5．根据短文理解，回答下列问题。

The Internet is becoming more and more important in our life. How much do you know about it? What is the Internet? The Internet is a large, worldwide collection of computer networks. A network is a small group of computers put together. The Internet is many different networks from (A) the world. These networks are called the Internet. Once you have learned to use the Internet, you can have a lot of interest in the World Wide Web. What is the World Wide Web?

The World Wide Web has been the most popular development of the Internet. The Web is like a big electronic book with millions of pages. These pages are called homepages. You can find information about almost anything in the world on these pages. For example, (B) you can use the Internet instead of a library to find information for your homework. You can also find information about your favourite sports or film stars, talk to your friends or even do some shopping on the Internet. Most pages have words, pictures and even sound or music.

What is e-mail? (C)电子邮件是给别人发送信息的一种方法。 It's much quicker and cheaper than sending a letter. If you want to send e-mails, you must have an e-mail address. This address must have letters and dots(点 ) and an ‘@’( meaning ‘at'). This is what an address looks like: Emily @ star. net. Write a message, type in the person's e-mail address, and then send the message on the Internet. People don't need to use stamps, envelopes or go to the post office since the invention of the Internet. Quick. easy and interesting--that's the Internet!

（1）在A的空白处填入适当的词，使句意完整，上下文通顺：________ ________

（2）将(B)句译成汉语：________

（3）将(C)句译成英语：________

（4）从文中找出所给句子的同义句：Sending a letter is much slower and dearer than it.

（5）从文中找出最能表达英特点的句子：

【答案】 （1）all

；over

（2）你可以使用因特网为你的家庭作业查找所需资料而不用去图书馆。

（3）An e-mail is a way to send messages to others.

（4）It's much quicker and cheaper than sending a letter.

（5）Quick. easy and interesting--that's the Internet!

【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了互联网在我们的生活中越来越重要。你有多么了解吗?一旦你学会使用互联网，你可以有很多的兴趣在万维网，其中还介绍了万维网和电子邮件。

（1）补全单词使句子完整理解题。根据短文提示，网络是来自全世界的不同网络。故答案是all over。

（2）英汉互译题。instead of词组代替而不是；to find information目的是找到信息。故答案你可以使用因特网为你的家庭作业查找所需资料而不用去图书馆。

（3）英汉互译题。a way todosth表示做某事的一种方法；send messages to others给别人发送信息，故答案是An e-mail is a way to send messages to others。

（4）找同义句题。根据文中It's much quicker and cheaper than sending a letter.。故答案It's much quicker and cheaper than sending a letter.发送电子邮件比发送送信便宜和快得多。 （5）找中心句题。根据文中最后一句Quick. easy and interesting--that's the Internet!可知因特网的特点是Quick. easy and interesting--that's the Internet!

【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。

6．根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

The population of the world continues to increase, but in some areas the population is falling. This is true in Europe and especially in Eastern Europe. In Russia, the population is going down by about 100 people EVERY HOUR! Russia's population could fall by ONE THIRD by the year 2050! And in Poland (波兰) the population is also going down because people are leaving to work in other countries.

One of the main reasons is a change of lifestyle. All over Europe people, especially educated women, have a different attitude(态度) to children than their parents. \"I have one child and she is enough for me,\" said Galina Tereschkova, a doctor from Moscow. \"My husband and I both work full—time. We can't imagine having more than one child.\" Many women decide to have children later in life or not to have children at all. \"I don't want to have any children until I have worked for at least 10 years,\" said 19-year-old student Hana Markova from Prague. Her opinion is typical of 18~24 year old women everywhere in Europe.

In Poland, the population is going down for a different reason. A lot of people, usually aged

between 20 and 30, are leaving the country to work abroad. Poland joined the European Union in 2005 and since then more than half a million people have moved to Britain, Germany, Spain and Italy. Even so, the population of those four countries and many other countries in West Europe is also going down.

Many governments are now encouraging people to have larger families. In France, women now receive nearly $1,000 a month for a year if they have a third child. Austrian women receive $700 a month for three years when they have their first child. （1）Where in the world is the population getting smaller? （2）How many children does Galina Tereschkova want to have? （3）What does Hana Markova want to do before she has children? （4）Why is the population in Poland going down?

（5）How does the French government encourage people to have larger families now? 【答案】 （1）In Europe and especially in Eastern Europe. （2）One.

（3）She wants to work for at least 10 years.

（4）Because a lot of people, usually aged between 20 and 30, are leaving Poland to work abroad./ The change of lifestyle.

（5）By giving women nearly $1000 a month for a year if they have a third child.

7．阅读下面的短文，将短文中画线部分的句子译成中文。

Qinghai Lake is in the northeast of the Qinghai plateau(青藏高原). ⑴It's the highest inland (内陆的)salt lake in China. It's like a blue mirror shining between snowy mountains and grasslands.

There are three small islands in the lake. They are the paradise(天堂)for birds. Every year, thousands of tourists come here to enjoy the beautiful scenery(风景).

⑵People are trying to protect the lake and the land which is around it. Blue sky, clear lakes green grasslands and snowy mountains are all our treasures. We must treat them as our eyes. ⑴________ ⑵________

【答案】 青海湖是中国最高的内陆咸水湖/盐湖。；人们竭力/尽力去保护这个湖泊/青海湖和它周围的土地。

8．阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填写表格，每空限填一词。

Travelling is one of the most important activities and people have been interested in it for many years. Modern traffic develops fast, so travelling to different places has become much faster than before. Staying healthy while travelling can make your trip happier. But do you know how to keep healthy during a trip? The following information may be useful to you. Before leaving

●Wear comfortable shoes, a hat and sunglasses.

●Take some necessary medicine with you. They can be used when you get sick or have other problems.

●Do some exercise for weeks or months before you leave if you plan to do lots of walking or climbing during your trip.

● Prepare proper food. Before you prepare the food, the first thing you need to think about is how long you will travel with the food. If you take a long trip, you should bring food such as bread, biscuits and some fruit. They don’t go bad quickly. The nearer people can bring meat, fish, eggs, milk and even salads and vegetables. While travelling

●Be sure not to eat dirty food or bad fruit. ●Have enough time to take a rest during your trip.

●Tap water is not safe, so drink bottled water and always clean the cover of the bottle. ●Keep food in good condition. If you take hot food, you should try to keep it hot. For example, you can put it in heavy towels. If you need to keep cold food cold, you can put cold food in a box with ice. When you arrive, put cold food in the fridge. Remember: If you travel with food, keep hot food hot and cold food cold.

How to keep ________ during a trip ● Wear comfortable shoes, a hat and ________. Before leaving ●________ some necessary medicine with you. ● Exercise for weeks or months ________ you leave. ● Prepare proper food. Take bread, biscuits and some fruit for a ________ trip or bring meat, fish, eggs, milk and even salads and vegetables for a nearer one. ●________ eat dirty food or bad fruit. While ● Have enough ________ to take a rest during your trip. ● Keep food in good condition. ________ to keep hot food hot and cold food cold. 【答案】healthy/ fit；sunglasses；Take；before；long；travelling/ traveling；Don’t/ Never；time；bottled；Remember/ Try

【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了旅行前的准备工作和旅行中应该的一些事项。 （1）根据第一段But do you know how to be in good health during a trip? The following information may be useful to you.及本列描述，可知填：healthy/fit （2）根据Wear comfortable shoes, a hat and sunglasses可知填：sunglasses （3）根据Take some necessary medicine with you.可知填：Take

（4）根据Do some exercise for weeks or months before you leave 描述，可知填：before （5）根据If you take a long trip, you should bring food such as bread, biscuits and some fruit. 描述，可知填:long

（6）根据右栏内容，可知此处指的是旅行 中需要注意的事情，故填：travelling （7）根据Be sure not to eat dirty food or bad fruit.可知填；Don't /never （8）根据Have enough time to take a rest during your trip.可知选time.

（9）根据so drink bottled water and always clean the cover of the bottle.描述，可知填：bottled

________ ● Drink ________ water and always clean the cover. （10）根据Remember: If you travel with food, keep hot food hot and cold food cold.描述，可知填：Remember/Try

【点评】本题中个别小题不能直接从文中找到答案，需要自己根据相关内容分析总结。一定要弄懂全文后再动手解答问题。书写答案时，注意首字母大写。为避免不必要的错误，只要能使用原文的就尽量使用原文回答问题，自己总结的答案注意人称和数的变化，要符合语法规则。

9．根据短文内容，完成下面的表格。

Have you ever wondered what an American high school is really like? This article will describe a typical (典型的) high school and its students.

A typical American high school has several large buildings and enough space for about l, 500 students. Every student is given a locker. When students first arrive at school, they go straight to their lockers to put away or get their textbooks and to hang up their outdoor clothes. As American textbooks are expensive, students would rather loan (租借) than buy them. Students must pay back if they lose any of them.

American students have different types of school transport. They usually take a yellow school bus or walk to school if they live close enough. Sometimes their parents drive them to school. When they turn 16 years old, most take a free driving class at school for one term. If students earn passing grades in the class and also pass their state driver's exam, they can begin driving themselves to school.

Each day, students take six or seven classes. They must take Science, Maths, English and Social Studies. They can choose Art, Homemaking, Fashion Design and other classes. In some schools students are required to take one or more of the following special classes: Health Education, Physical Education or Foreign Language Studies. Students move to different classrooms for each subject. This is because each teacher has their own classroom. There is a five-minute break between classes, to give the students the time to hurry to their next class.

The regular school day usually ends early in the afternoon. After school more than half of the students are involved in after-school activities. These activities include sports-especially football, basketball, baseball and soccer or clubs, such as yearbook, speech, school newspaper, photograph or student government. ________ in an American high school Outlines Introduction Lockers textbooks Details It gives an overview of a typical American high school and its________. and Every student has a locker for textbooks and ________ clothes. They prefer loaning textbooks to ________ them. send them to school by car. They can ________ themselves to school when they are over 16 and have passed the required tests. Classes and Students have to take main classes, elective classes and sometimes one or ________ transport Students usually go to school by bus or on foot. Sometimes their ________ classrooms After-school activities part

more ________ classes. They go to ________ classrooms for each subject. After school most of the students take ________ in their favorite activities, including sports and clubs. 【答案】Life；students；outdoor；buying；School；parents；drive；special；different；【解析】【分析】这篇短文讲述的是美国的中学以及学生的生活是什么样子的。短文从美国中学的学生数量、学生的生活习惯、上学的交通工具、上课的情况以及课外活动等几个方面进行了描述。

⑴:这篇短文主要给我们讲述的是美国中学里的生活是什么样子的，所以这里给这篇短文定的题目应该是life in American High School，美国中学里的生活。

⑵这篇短文给我们介绍的是美国的中学以及学生的情况，在短文的第一段中This article will describe a typical high school and its students.可知，故这里应该填students。

⑶根据短文的第二段Every student is given a locker. When students first arrive at school, they go straight to their lockers to put away or get their textbooks and to hang up their outdoor clothes.可知，每个学生都有一个锁，他们可以把他们的书和衣服放起来。故这里填outdoor。

⑷根据短文第二段中As American textbooks are expensive, students would rather loan(租借) than buy them.可知，因为教科书比较贵，学生们宁愿租借也不愿购买。故这里填buying，句型是prefer doing sth. to doing sth.，所以用ing形式。

⑸根据短文第三段的第一句话American students have different types of school transport.，美国的学生有不同的交通工具上学。故这里应该填transport,意思是交通工具。

⑹根据短文第三段中Sometimes their parents drive them to school.可知，有时候学生的家长开车送他们去上学，故这里应该填parents。

⑺根据短文第三段中When they turn 16 years of age, most take a free driving class at school for one term. If students earn passing grades in the class and also pass their state driver’s exam, they can begin driving themselves to school.可知，当学生年满16岁后，他们就可以参加驾驶考试，如果通过的话，就可以自己开车上学。故填drive。

⑻根据短文的第四段In some schools students are required to take one or more of the following special classes可知，在一些学校里，学生们需要参加一两门特殊的课程。故填special。 ⑼根据短文第四段中Students move to different classrooms for each subject.可知，对于每一门科目，学生们都要去不同的教室。故填different。

⑽根据短文的最后一段可知，放学后，大多数学生都会参加一些他们喜爱的活动，包括体育运动和俱乐部。take part in 的意思是参加。

【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。

10．阅读下面材料，根据其内容，完成阅读任务。

American schools are quite different from those in China. In America, at the beginning of the

term, students must select (挑选) their subjects and teachers first.

Selecting is very important for your marks in America. So at the first term, don't select too many subjects, or you'll feel very nervous and tired. Then you have to ask for some teaching plans. There is some information about subjects, time arranging, marks and textbooks. At the same time, you must choose the teachers. Different teachers have different teaching methods. If the teacher is called \"killer\" by the last grade, many students will give up choosing him, because this kind of teacher will leave too much homework, too many exams and give too low grades. There is another thing after you select the subjects and teachers. How to buy textbooks makes each student feel hard. The textbooks in America are very expensive. Each one is about $30—50. In order to save money, many students buy some used textbooks, and some students usually borrow textbooks from the school library.

In class, discussing is very important. The teacher encourages you to ask questions or show your own opinions. They don't usually ask you to sit well. Instead they allow you to sit or stand anywhere you like.

⒈________ must be selected at the beginning of the term. ⒉At the first term, students can't select too many subjects, or they'll feel very Students ________ . ⒊Students can't select teachers called ________ . ⒋Many students buy some used textbooks ________ . ⒈The teachers encourage students to ask questions or show their opinions. Teachers ⒉They allow students to sit or stand anywhere they like instead of ________. 【答案】 Subjects and teachers/ Teachers and subjects；nervous and tired；killers；to save money；sitting well

【解析】【分析】主要讲了美国教育与中国教育的不同。

（1）根据In America, at the beginning of the term, students must select (挑选) their subjects and teachers first.可知在新学期开始学生选择科目和老师，故填Subjects and teachers/ Teachers and subjects。

（2）根据So at the first term, don't select too many subjects, or you'll feel very nervous and tired.可知在第一学期，学生们不能选择太多科目，否则他们将感到紧张和疲劳，故填nervous and tired。

（3）根据If the teacher is called \"killer\" by the last grade, many students will give up choosing him，可知学生们不选择的老师被叫做杀手，故填killers。

（4）根据In order to save money, many students buy some used textbooks可知为了节省钱，许多学生买二手书，用to do不定式表目的，故填to save money。

（5）根据They don't usually ask you to sit well. Instead they allow you to sit or stand anywhere you like.可知他们不经常让你坐好，而是允许你坐在或者站在你喜欢的地方，of是介词，所以后面的sit的ing形式，即sitting，故填sitting well。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题仔细从文中寻找答案。