主谓一致
Subject-Verb Agreement
注：适用对象：英语专业学生或者备考高中英语教师资格证的人，适合英语水平较高学习者。整理的都是些比较专业，并且是容易出错的知识点，较为常见或者比较基础的内
容则无太多。红色字体为建议背诵内容。
一般而言，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近原则。
1、意义一致和就近原则 当中心词是度量、距离、时间、价格等复数名词的时候，谓语动词采用单数形式。
Two miles is a short distance.
2、以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题 以-s结尾的名词的数
1.表示学科、游戏、疾病的名称以及像the United States 这样的专有名词，用作单数。
Statistics is a branch of mathematics.统计学是数学的分支。
The statistics in that report are incorrect.那份报告里的统计数字不正确。此处statistics当做一个复数名词，谓语动词应当用复数。
2.表示衣物（如jeans、pants、pajamas），表示两部分构成的工具器械（如scissors、binoculars、spectacles、scales），表示山脉、群岛、瀑布的专有名词，某些以-ings结尾的名词（earnings、savings、surroundings），表示某类东西的总称（如clothes）以及不表示学科的以-ics结尾的词（如politics statistics），都用作复数。
My clothes are dirty。
My earnings this year are not half of yours。
3、以集体名词为主语的主谓一致问题 只看做复数名词，谓语动词必须用复数。
People Police cattle poultry vermin clergy militia
The police are searching for the thief.
助记口诀:人民警察和民兵很牛，帮助神职人员驱赶害虫，保卫家禽。
看做一个整体，谓语动词用单数；强调其中单个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
herd flock family team government crowd committee council crew staff party firm company jury couple board group gang media army enemy union audience
public mankind hair
His family is a happy one.
The whole family are watching TV.
4、以并列结构作主语的主谓一致问题 由and连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each、every、many a(an)、no时，谓语动词用单数。
Each book and (each)paper is found in its place.
No teacher and (no)student was here.
当or，either…or，neither…nor，not only…but also连接两个以上主语时，或者句子是由here，there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。
Either you or she is to go.
Neither he nor they were late last time.
Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.
5、以表示数量概念的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题
“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of+名词”构成的短语，谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。
Three-fifths of the workers here are women.
“a number of+名词复数”谓语用复数。
A number of kids have gone home.
A great deal of, a large amount of修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；large amounts of和large quantities of加不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数。
A great deal of damage was done in a very short time.
Large quantities of food were on the table.
不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.
6、比较容易忽略的主谓一致问题 单复数同形的名词
根据意义决定谓语动词的单复数
Sheep，fish，deer，means，species
A sheep is over there.
Some sheep are over there.
each, every, each and every, either, neither, one, another, little, a little和much作主语或者修饰主语，谓语动词通常用单数。
Each of us has a book.
注意：复数主语+each之后用复数动词。
Five each of these items are required.这些项目中有五项都是必需的。
We each have our merits. =we have our merits each.
none, some, any, more, most, all等代词作主语时，动词单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。
All is right.
All are present.全都到齐了。
all, none, most, majority, part, enough, some, one half, the rest, the remainder”短语，或者more than…作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常由所修饰的
名词、代词的数决定。
When enough of the tree is chopped away ,the tree falls.如果一棵树砍去足够多的部分，树就会倒下。
Enough of the data have been collected.
More than one person is going to lose his job.
More than 500 people are going to lose their jobs.
名词前any/none/neither of，若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数，在正式文体中，单数形式的动词更常用。
Do(es) any of you know his address?
None of them has(have)seen the film.
More than one/Many+主语
谓语动词用单数
More than one student has read the book.
Many a girl has been there.
More+复数名词+than one结构之后，谓语动词一半多用复数形式。
More members than one are against your plan.
the+形容词（或过去分词），代表单数名词时，用单数动词；表示一类人，谓语动词用复数。
The good are well rewarded.好人有好报。
定语从句中，若引导词在从句中充当主语，谓语的数要跟先行词一致。
There is somebody here who wants to talk to you.
疑问代词which作主语时，动词的单复数由which指代的词的单复数决定；但who作主语时，即使被问者是复数，通常也用单数动词。
Which is more valuable, health or wealth?
Which are prettier, these or those?
—Who wants to come with me? —we do.
比较：who are her roommates？（主语是复数roommates，不是who）
由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。
What we need is more time.
What we need are doctors.
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