九年级仁爱英语现在完成时讲与练

The Present Perfect Tense

一. 现在完成时的构成:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 (过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆。－略 )

[Exercises1] 选择填空

( )1.I English in this school since 1999

(A)taught (B)have taught (C)tea (D)would teach

( )2.Li Lei the pen for five years

(A)has had (B)bought (C)have had (D)have bought

( )3.Kate her grand mother's photo before

(A)haven't seen (B)have seen (C)see (D)hasn't seen

( )4. Mary you these days.

(A)Has,seen (B)Do,see (C)Did,see (D)Is,seeing

( )5.so far ,we thousands of Building in Quanzhou

(A)build (B)have build (C)build (D)will build

二、否定式:主语 + haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词。

疑问式: Have /Has + 主语 + 过去分词?

简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)

No, 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t.(否定)

[Exercises2] 选择填空

( )1.——Have you finished your work?

—— .

(A) Yes, I have. (B) Yes, I do. (C) Yes, I am. (D) Yes, I did.

( )2.——Has she ever learned English?

—— (A) Yes, she has. (B) Yes, she does. (C) No, she doesn’t (D)No, she has

( )3.He finished his homework. yet

(A)doesn’t (B)haven’t (C) hasn’t (D) doesn’t have

三 现在完成时的含义之一表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与never/ever，just，already/yet，before。so far等连用。这些标志词可以表达这种含义

⑴以already, just和yet为标志 already, just和yet 表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、刚刚或还没有发生。

He has already got her help.

He has just seen the film.

He hasn’t come back yet.。

⑵以ever和never为标志

ever和never 表示到现在为止动作或状态曾经或从来没有发生过。

This is the best film I have ever seen.

He has never been to Beijing.

⑶ 以动作发生的次数为标志

若某一动作到现在为止已经发生了若干次,则要使用现在完成时。

He says he has been to the USA three times.

⑷ 以so far为标志

so far往往表示到目前为止动作或状态已经发生。

He has got to Beijing so far.

She has passed the exam so far.

⑸never/ever，just，already/yet，before。so far的用法（略）

[Exercises3] 选择填空

( )1.——Have you traveled on the train.

——Yes, I have.

(A)never (B)ever (C)just (D)yet

( )2.——Have you finished your homework

——Not .

(A)ever (B)already (C)yet (D)just

( )3. We haven't finished our homework .

(A)already (B)ever (C)yet (D)never

( )4.——Have you learned English?

——Yes, I've learned a lot.

(A)never,ever (B)ever,never (C)ever,already (D)already.ever

( )5.——Have you finished your homework ?

——Yes,I've done that

(A)yet,already (B)already, yet (C)ever,never (D)still,just

( )6.John's father borrowed some pictures

(A)have already (B)has just (C)have ever (D)has yet

四、现在完成时含义之二表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。常与for, since, how long,, these days等连用。

⑴Since+过去点的时间（since短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今，since之后的时间为一点）

Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984.

He’s learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college.

⑵for+一段时间（数词+量词），（for短语表示动作延续多长时间，for的宾语为时间段）。此划线部分用how long提问。

We have known each other for twenty years.

I haven’t seen her for a long time.

[Exercises4] A）用since和for填空

1) ______ two years 2) _______ two years ago 3) _______ last month

4) ______ 1999 5) _______ yesterday 6) _______ 4 o’clock

7) ______ 4 hours 8) _______ an hour ago 9) _______ we were children

10) _____ lunch time 11) ______ she left here

B）用since和for填空

1. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.

2. I’ve known him __________ we were children.

3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.

4. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.

5. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.

C）选择填空

( )1.I've been like this ever snice

(A)last week (B) for a week (C) a week before (D)the last week

( )2.My mother has worked in this factory 2 years.

(A)about (B)for (C)in (D)since

( )3. I haven't heard from him last week.

(A)since (B) for (C)ago (D)before

( )4.His father joined the party_________

(A)for three years (B)since three years ago

(C)three years ago (D)in two years' time

( )5.He moved here in 1999,and he has been here . (A)at that time (B)for five years ago

(C)since four years (D)for four years

( )6.Tom has been away from home about five days ago.

(A)\\ (B)in (C)since (D)for

五、句式：主句（现在完成时）＋since+ 从句（一般过去时）

[Exercises 5] 选择填空

( )1.she English in our school ever since she here.

(A)has taught, come (B)taught ,came

(C)has taught, has come (D)teaches,has come

( )2.Our English teacher in our school since he to China.

(A)has taught .. come (B)taught,…come

(C)has taught,has .. come (D)teaches,has … come

( )3.She in Quanzhou since she born in 1980

(A)has lived, has been (B)has lived, was

(C)lived, has been (D)lived, was

六、句式：It’s ＋一段时间＋since从句（用一般过去时）

[Exercises 6] 选择填空

( )1.It’s ten years since she .

(A)has left (B)has been away (C)left (D)leave

( )2. It’s three years since he the army . (A)has joined (B)has been in (C)join (D)joined

七、have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法

⑴have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，

如：since, for, how long 等。例如：

Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.

▲此外还有这些搭配：have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farm

have been here (there) / abroad

⑵have(has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用，

I have just been to the post office.

Mary has never been to the Great Wall.

Have you ever been to Hangzhou?

▲have(has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。：

I have been to Beijing three times.。

They have been to that village several times.

⑶have(has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。

----Where is Tom? ----He has gone to the bookshop.。

Jack Johnson has gone to London.

[Exercises7]A） 用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。

A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________?

B: He ____________ to Hainan Island.

A: How long ___________ he ___________ there?

B: He _____________ there for three days.

A: When will he come back , do you know?

B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently.

A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?

B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there.

A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place?

B: He _____________ there only once.

B） 用have/has been to/in, have gone to的各种形式填空。

1) Where is Jack? He __________ his country.

2) David ________ the park just now.

3) John _______ England since he came back.

4) How long _____ have _____ this village?

5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for years.

6) _____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times.

7) I _____ this school since three years ago.

8) Where is Jim? He _____ the farm.

C）选择填空

( )1.Mrs whites isn't here,she London,she there many times

(A)has been to , went (B)has gone to , has been

(C)went to, has gone (D)has been to , has gone

( )2.She has__________ to Beijing twice .

(A)gone (B) got (C)been (D)come

( )3.——where your father , Li Lei?

——To Beijing

(A)have,been (B)has,been (C)have,gone (D)has,gone

( )4.Mr Green isn't in the office , He to the library

(A)has gone (B)went (C)has been (D)will go

( )5.Mr smith to Tokyo and he will be back in a week

(A)has been (B)has visited (C)has sent (D)has gone

( )6.They_ China for two years

(A)have been to (B)have been in

(c)have gone to (D)have come to

八、现在完成时的反意疑问句【have（n’t）/has（n’t）＋代词】

[Exercises8] 选择填空

( )1.Jim's been to the Great wall before , ?

(A)isn't (B)wasn't (C)hasn't (D)doesn't

( )2.She's never been to England, she?

(A)has (B)hasn't (C)isn't (D)is

九、How long与现在完成时

[Exercises 9] 选择填空

( )1.----___ have you been here?

----- Since last year

(A)How far (B)How long (C)How often (D)How soon

( )2.___________has Han Mei been in the library.

(A)How long (B)How soon (C)How far (D)How often

( )3.How long ___he___the library book .

(A)has,borrow (B)has,kept (C)has,bought (D)did,buy

十、短暂性转换延续性

[Exercises10]A）按要求把短暂性转换为延续性动词

①arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.

→ be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there

1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.

He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________.

2) I moved to the USA last year.

I ________ ________ __________ the USA since __________ __________.

3) I went home yesterday.

I _______ ________ _________ home for _________ __________.

4) They came here last week.

They _________ _________ here since _________ __________.

②come/go back, return → be back come/go out → be out

1) He came out two years ago.

He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________.

2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.

We ________ ________ _________ to Fuzhou since __________.

③become → be

1) I became a teacher in 2000.

I ________ __________ a teacher for _________ _________.

2) The river became dirty last year.

The river _________ _________ dirty for _________ __________.

④close → be closed open → be open

1) The shop closed two hours ago.

The shop ________ _________ _________ for _________ _________.

2) The door opened at six in the morning.

The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.

⑤get up → be up die → be dead

leave sw. → be away from sw.

fall asleep/get tot sleep → be asleep

finish/end → be over marry → be married

1) I got up two hours ago.

I ________ ________ ________ since ________ ________.

2) He left Fuzhou just now.

He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes.

3) My grandpa died in 2002.

My grandpa _______ _______ ________for _______ ________.

4) The meeting finished at six.

The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.

5) I got to sleep two hours ago.

I ________ _________ _________ since _________ __________.

6) They married in 1990.

They ________ _________ __________since _________.

⑥start/begin to do sth. → do sth. begin → be on

1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.

I ____ ____ at this school since ____.

2) The film began two minutes ago.

The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.

⑦borrow → keep lose → not have buy → have wear catch/get a cold → have a cold get to know → know

1) They borrowed it last week.

on →

put

They _________ _________ it since __________ __________.

2) I bought a pen two hours ago.

I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.

3) I got to know him last year.

I _________ __________ him since __________ __________.

4) I put on my glasses three years ago.

I __________ __________ my glasses for _________ _________.

⑧have/has gone to → have been in

1) He has gone to Beijing.

He ____ ____ _____ Beijing for two days.

( )1.——How long can I this book?

——Two weeks

(A)borrow (B)keep (C)lend (D)return

( )2.Her father in 1990 and her husband for more than five years

(A)died ,dead (B)has died,dead (C)died ,has been dead (D)has died, has died

( )3.I have this nice watch for two years

(A)had (B)bought (C)borrowed (D)lend

( )4.He his home for ten years

(A)has left (B)left from (C)has been away from (D)was away from

( )5.He a league member for three years

(A)is (B)has been (C)has become (D)have become

( )6.Li Hua's brother has for two years

(A)joined the army (B)been an army

(C)become a soldier (D)been in the army

( )7.He hasn't Quanzhou ever since he left school

(A)left (B)been away (C)been (D)away

十一、现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较

⑴现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。试比较：

The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）

The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）

I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿已经教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。）

I taught here for a year. 我过去在这儿教过一年。（表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了）

⑵When常与与一般过去时连用，How long常与与现在完成时连用

When did you come to Beijing?

How long have you been in Beijing?

[Exercises 11] 选择填空

( )1. ——Have you finished your homework

——Yes, I it last night

(A)finish (B)finished (C)have finished (D)will finish

( )2.—— you ever to Nanjing

——Yes,I there last year.

(A)Have…gone, have gone (B)Have…been , went

(C)Did…go, went (D)Did…go,has , been

( )3.——When you Lucy in New York?

——I here for two years

(A)did…meet,haven't seen (B)did…meet,haven't seen

(C)did…meet,don't see (D)would…meet,hadn't seen

( )4.when_ you to Beijing?

How long you here

(A)have…come , have…keen (B)did…come , have…keen

(C)did…come , did…go (D)did…come , have …gone