城乡居民论文：城乡居民收入差距协调发展原因对策

城乡居民论文：城乡居民 收入差距 协调发展 原因 对策

【中文摘要】居民收入分配关系到国计民生。居民收入分配差距合理与否,一方面可以反映按劳分配原则的实现情况,另一方面也是保障居民生活和社会稳定的重要条件。中国共产党十七届五中全会通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划的建议》指出,“把保障和改善民生作为加快转变经济发展方式的根本出发点和落脚点。完善保障和改善民生的制度安排,把促进就业放在经济社会发展优先位置,加快发展各项社会事业,推进基本公共服务均等化,加大收入分配调节力度,坚定不移走共同富裕道路,使发展成果惠及全体人民。”保障和改善民生就要缩小居民收入差距,消除贫困,走共同富裕道路,促进社会的公平正义。我国目前是世界上居民收入差距最大的国家之一,导致我国收入差距扩大的主要因素是城乡居民收入差距的不合理扩大。因此,缩小我国城乡居民收入差距不但有助于缩小中国整体的收入差距,而且对于增加农民收入,实现城乡和谐发展具有重要意义。缩小城乡居民收入差距,实现城乡统筹发展和城乡一体化,既是世界各国工业化中期阶段的普遍规律又是城乡统筹发展,实现以人为本的科学发展观的题中之义。本文采用西方经济学关于收入差距的测度指标和我国测量城乡居民收入差距的收入指标,不仅从历史的维度全面分析了建国以来特别是改革开放以来我国城乡居民收入差距的变动轨迹、现实状况以及我国城乡居民收入差距的特点和负面影响,而且从国家制度、政策、体制和人文自然地理方面分

析了我国城乡居民收入差距逐步扩大的原因,在借鉴东亚和欧美等西方国家缩小城乡居民收入差距成功经验的基础上,立足于我国的现实状况,从农民增收节支的角度提出了我国如何缩小城乡居民收入差距的路径对策。

【英文摘要】Inhabitants’income distribution is related to the national economy and the people’s livelihood. Whether the gap of inhabitants’income is in the efficient rang not only reflects the achievement of the principle of distribution according to work but also is the important condition of guaranteeing a good life of people and a stable society order. CPC Central Committee’s Proposal for Formulating the 12th Five-Year Program for China’s Economic and Social Development, adopted by the Fifth Plenary Session of the Seventeenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, pointing out that the protection and improvement, adhere to people’s livelihood as accelerating transformation of the mode of economic development of the basic starting point and the foothold. Perfect guarantee and improve the livelihood of the

institutional arrangement, promote jobs in economic and social development priority position, accelerate the development of various social undertakings, promote equal access to basic public services, increase the income distribution adjustment

dynamics and common prosperity, make the benefits of development road all people. Protecting and improving the livelihood implies the bridge of the gap of inhabitants’income, eliminating poverty, taking the road of common prosperity and fostering the equity and justice. Our nation is one of the biggest income gap in the world and it results from the unfair expansion of the gap of income of the rural and urban residents. Therefore, dwindling the income gap of rural and urban residents helps to reduce the whole national income gap, to increase the income of peasants and to realize the harmonious development of the town and countryside. Moreover, narrowing the income gap and realizing the rural and urban development is the universal rule of every country in the middle phase of the industrialization and the implication of the man-oriented scientific development view.The thesis adopts the measuring indicators of the income gap in western economy theories and our country. The paper analyzes not only the change, the present status, characteristic and negative effect of income gap of rural and urban residents in history thinking degree since the founding of our state, especially the reform and opening-up, but the causes of enlarging of the income gap of rural and urban residents from the points of national system, policy, mechanism

and natural geography. Then referring to the successful experience of the eastern areas and western countries, it probes into the countermeasure of how to dwindle the income gap of the rural and urban residents based on our present station in terms of increasing incomes and cutting expenditures.

【关键词】城乡居民 收入差距 协调发展 原因 对策

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【说明】本文仅为中国学术文献总库合作提供，无涉版权。作者如有异议请与总库或学校联系。

【英文关键词】urban and rural residents income gap balanced development cause countermeasure

【目录】我国现阶段缩小城乡居民收入差距研究摘要5-69-1010-1113-14

Abstract6

0 导论9-15

0.1 论文研究的背景与意义0.2.1 国内研究现状0.3 论文的研究方法与创新1 我国城乡居民收入差距的

0.2 国内外研究现状10-130.2.2 国外研究现状11-130.4 研究思路和框架14-15

总体状况15-2615-18

1.1 城乡居民收入差距的指标体系

1.1.2 城乡居民

1.1.1 城乡居民收入差距的界定15-16

收入差距的测度指标16-18特点18-24

1.2 我国城乡居民收入差距的现状和

1.2.2

1.2.1 我国城乡居民收入差距的现状18-23

我国城乡居民收入差距的特点23-24过大的负面影响24-26

1.3 我国城乡居民收入差距

2 我国城乡居民收入差距的形成及原因

26-372.1 我国城乡居民收入差距的历史演变26-292.2 我国

城乡居民收入差距形成和存在的原因29-3729-30

2.2.2 体制原因30-34

2.2.1 自然地理原因

2.2.4

2.2.3.政策原因34-35

制度原因35-3737-4538-41

3 国外缩小城乡居民收入差距的经验及启示

3.1 欧美国家缩小城乡居民收入差距的经验及启示3.1.1 欧美四国缩小城乡收入差距的实践38-39

3.1.2

欧美国家缩小城乡居民收入差距的经验及启示39-41区缩小城乡居民收入差距的经验及启示41-45小城乡居民收入差距的实践41-42收入差距的经验及启示42-45实选择45-57

3.2 东亚地

3.2.1 韩日两国缩

3.2.2 东亚地区缩小城乡居民

4 我国缩小城乡居民收入差距的现

4.1.1

4.1 统筹城乡发展，助农开源增收45-53

建设服务型政府，统领增收全局45-46夯实增收基础46-5050-53

4.1.2 改变城乡二元结构，

4.1.3 提升农业产业质量，拓宽增收渠道

4.2.1 推进4.2.3 加大致谢

4.2 实现城乡一体化，促农节流增效53-57

4.2.2 强化农业补贴制度53-54结论57-58

参考文献58-60

农村税费改革53

农村财政投入54-5760-61

个人简历61-62发表的学术论文62